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42 changes: 42 additions & 0 deletions patterns/write-distractors/README.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -24,6 +24,48 @@ Use it when learners know enough to answer from memory and explain common mistak
5. Compare your question with the author's. Each wrong option names its mistaken idea. A check mark shows a matching label. The summary counts matching and extra labels.
6. Select "Start over" to clear your work.

## Write this in .prax

In `.prax`, start a `write-distractors` block with the question and put exactly one `answer:` before the items. Each `:: Misconception label` item pairs a mistaken idea with one `option:` containing a wrong answer. Studio generates the IDs; authors do not write them. The unquoted `count` setting accepts 1 to 5 and sets how many wrong options the learner writes. It defaults to 2, independently of the number of authored items.

Write at least one item; `private`, `scored` and `required` settings are not accepted, and the block cannot go in an assessment group.

In Studio, this is private practice saved only on the learner's device, with no scores or LMS records. The comparison matches misconception labels, not the meaning of the learner's writing, and does not grade answers. Overlong entries show an error and keep the full text. Browser print includes current writing and only content already revealed. The PDF workbook includes the question, instructions and writing space. An answer sheet, included only when the author requests it, adds the right answer and numbered labels with their paired wrong options.

English (Praxity Studio from commit `5b16180`, 2026-10-20):

```prax
---
lang: en
---
# Button names

::: write-distractors What should a button's accessible name tell the user? {count=2}
answer: The action the button performs.
:: Appearance replaces purpose
option: The button's colour.
:: Position replaces purpose
option: The button's position on the page.
:::
```

French, using the default count (Praxity Studio from commit `5b16180`, 2026-10-20):

```prax
---
lang: fr
---
# Le texte des liens

::: write-distractors Que doit indiquer le texte d’un lien vers un formulaire d’inscription ?
answer: La destination ou le but du lien.
:: Une consigne vague suffit
option: Seulement les mots « cliquez ici ».
:: La couleur suffit à expliquer la destination
option: Seulement la couleur du lien.
:::
```

## Evidence

Giving your own answer helps you remember more than reading one. The average effect was 0.40 standard deviations across 86 studies ([Bertsch et al., 2007](https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193441)). University students wrote questions about a lecture. A week later, they recalled about as much as students who answered practice questions ([Ebersbach, Feierabend and Nazari, 2020](https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3639)). Students who wrote multiple-choice questions for peers tended to do better in exams. Those studies show a link, not that writing questions caused better scores ([Hardy et al., 2014](https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2014.916831)).
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