🌱 Soil Monitor

Conductivity-based soil moisture sensing system for smart agriculture — built on STM32F0.

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📚 Table of Contents

• Features
• System Overview
• System Architecture
• Live Demo
• Board Information
• Pin Mapping
• Alert Logic
• Getting Started
• Toolchain Setup
• Known Issues / Future Work

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✨ Features

• 3-channel soil moisture sensing via analog conductivity probes
• LED alert system — solid = sufficient moisture, blinking = water needed
• Ultra low-power MCU (STM32F030, Cortex-M0) suitable for battery operation
• USB battery powered — portable and field-deployable
• ADC-based sensing with no external libraries

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🧭 System Overview

Soil moisture is measured across 3 independent channels using analog conductivity sensors. Each channel drives a dedicated LED alert:

• Solid LED → soil moisture is sufficient
• Blinking LED → soil is dry, add water until the LED goes solid

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🏗️ System Architecture

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🎬 Live Demo

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🧭 Board Information

Property	Value
Board	NUCLEO-F072RB
MCU	STM32F030F4Px, ARM Cortex-M0
Clock	48 MHz (internal PLL)
Flash / RAM	16 KB Flash / 4 KB RAM
Power Source	USB external battery → 3.3V reg
Logic Voltage	3.3V

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🔌 Pin Mapping

Peripheral	MCU Pin	Function / Connection	Notes
LED alert_01	PA1	GPIO Output	Channel 1 alert
LED alert_02	PA2	GPIO Output	Channel 2 alert
LED alert_03	PA3	GPIO Output	Channel 3 alert
ADC_IN5	PA5	ADC Input	Sensor channel 1
ADC_IN6	PA6	ADC Input	Sensor channel 2
ADC_IN7	PA7	ADC Input	Sensor channel 3

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💡 Alert Logic

LED State	Meaning	Action Required
🟢 Solid	Soil moisture is sufficient	None
🔴 Blinking	Soil is dry	Add water until LED goes solid

Each LED maps 1-to-1 with an ADC channel / probe, so you can monitor up to 3 separate plants or soil zones independently.

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🚀 Getting Started

Prerequisites

• STM32CubeIDE installed
• arm-none-eabi-gcc v12.2.0
• STM32F030F4Px board
• ST-Link V2 programmer
• Conductivity soil probes × 3

Build & Flash

# Clone the repo
git clone https://github.com/gitFrank77/Soil_monitor.git

# Open in STM32CubeIDE
# File → Import → Existing Projects into Workspace

# Build: Project → Build All  (Ctrl+B)
# Flash: Run → Debug  (F11)

Usage

1. Insert the 3 soil probes into your plant pots
2. Power the board via USB battery
3. Observe the LEDs — blinking means your plant needs water!

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⚡ Power & Debug Interface

Interface	Details
Power Input	USB external battery
Programmer	ST-Link V2

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🧰 Toolchain Setup

Component	Version / Tool
Compiler	arm-none-eabi-gcc v12.2.0
IDE	STM32CubeIDE

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🪛 Jumpers / Configuration

Jumper	Setting
BOOT0	0 — Normal boot from Flash
JP1	Closed — 5V via USB

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⚠️ Known Issues / Future Work

• Add UART debug output for raw ADC readings
• Configurable moisture threshold (currently hardcoded)

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📄 License

This project is licensed under the MIT License.