feat: add database transaction state check

system/Database/BaseConnection.php

@@ -1024,6 +1024,14 @@ public function transStatus(): bool
         return $this->transStatus;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Checks whether this connection is inside an active transaction.
+     */
+    public function inTransaction(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->transDepth > 0;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Register a callback to run after the outermost transaction commits.
      *

system/Database/ConnectionInterface.php

@@ -115,6 +115,11 @@ public function query(string $sql, $binds = null);
      */
     public function simpleQuery(string $sql);
 
+    /**
+     * Checks whether this connection is inside an active CodeIgniter-managed transaction.
+     */
+    public function inTransaction(): bool;
+
     /**
      * Register a callback to run after the outermost transaction commits.
      *

tests/system/Database/BaseConnectionTest.php

@@ -558,6 +558,72 @@ public function testGetSessionTimezoneWithoutTimezoneKey(): void
         $this->assertNull($result);
     }
 
+    public function testInTransactionReflectsManagedTransactionState(): void
+    {
+        $db = new MockConnection($this->options);
+
+        $this->assertFalse($db->inTransaction());
+
+        $this->assertTrue($db->transBegin());
+        $this->assertTrue($db->inTransaction());
+
+        $this->assertTrue($db->transBegin());
+        $this->assertTrue($db->inTransaction());
+
+        $this->assertTrue($db->transCommit());
+        $this->assertTrue($db->inTransaction());
+
+        $this->assertTrue($db->transCommit());
+        $this->assertFalse($db->inTransaction());
+    }
+
+    public function testInTransactionReturnsFalseWhenTransactionsAreDisabled(): void
+    {
+        $db = new MockConnection($this->options);
+
+        $db->transOff();
+
+        $this->assertFalse($db->transBegin());
+        $this->assertFalse($db->inTransaction());
+    }
+
+    public function testInTransactionReturnsTrueInsideTransactionCallback(): void
+    {
+        $db    = new MockConnection($this->options);
+        $state = null;
+
+        $result = $db->transaction(static function (BaseConnection $connection) use (&$state): string {
+            $state = $connection->inTransaction();
+
+            return 'done';
+        });
+
+        $this->assertSame('done', $result);
+        $this->assertTrue($state);
+        $this->assertFalse($db->inTransaction());
+    }
+
+    public function testInTransactionReturnsFalseInsideTransactionCallbacks(): void
+    {
+        $db            = new MockConnection($this->options);
+        $commitState   = null;
+        $rollbackState = null;
+
+        $this->assertTrue($db->transBegin());
+        $db->afterCommit(static function () use ($db, &$commitState): void {
+            $commitState = $db->inTransaction();
+        });
+        $this->assertTrue($db->transCommit());
+        $this->assertFalse($commitState);
+
+        $this->assertTrue($db->transBegin());
+        $db->afterRollback(static function () use ($db, &$rollbackState): void {
+            $rollbackState = $db->inTransaction();
+        });
+        $this->assertTrue($db->transRollback());
+        $this->assertFalse($rollbackState);
+    }
+
     public function testAfterCommitCallbacksRemainQueuedWhenDriverCommitFails(): void
     {
         $callbacks = [];
@@ -581,10 +647,12 @@ protected function _transCommit(): bool
         $this->assertFalse($db->transCommit());
         $this->assertSame([], $callbacks);
         $this->assertSame(1, $db->transDepth);
+        $this->assertTrue($db->inTransaction());
 
         $this->assertTrue($db->transCommit());
         $this->assertSame(['committed'], $callbacks);
         $this->assertSame(0, $db->transDepth);
+        $this->assertFalse($db->inTransaction());
 
         $this->assertTrue($db->transBegin());
         $this->assertTrue($db->transCommit());
@@ -614,10 +682,12 @@ protected function _transRollback(): bool
         $this->assertFalse($db->transRollback());
         $this->assertSame([], $callbacks);
         $this->assertSame(1, $db->transDepth);
+        $this->assertTrue($db->inTransaction());
 
         $this->assertTrue($db->transRollback());
         $this->assertSame(['rolled back'], $callbacks);
         $this->assertSame(0, $db->transDepth);
+        $this->assertFalse($db->inTransaction());
 
         $this->assertTrue($db->transBegin());
         $this->assertTrue($db->transRollback());

user_guide_src/source/changelogs/v4.8.0.rst

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ Interface Changes
 **NOTE:** If you've implemented your own classes that implement these interfaces from scratch, you will need to
 update your implementations to include the new methods or method changes to ensure compatibility.
 
-- **Database:** ``CodeIgniter\Database\ConnectionInterface`` now requires the ``afterCommit()``, ``afterRollback()``, and ``transaction()`` methods.
+- **Database:** ``CodeIgniter\Database\ConnectionInterface`` now requires the ``afterCommit()``, ``afterRollback()``, ``inTransaction()``, and ``transaction()`` methods.
 - **Logging:** ``CodeIgniter\Log\Handlers\HandlerInterface::handle()`` now requires a third parameter ``array $context = []``. Any custom log handler that overrides ``handle()`` - whether implementing ``HandlerInterface`` directly or extending a built-in handler class - must add the parameter to its ``handle()`` method signature.
 - **Security:** The ``SecurityInterface``'s ``verify()`` method now has a native return type of ``static``.
 
@@ -198,6 +198,7 @@ Database
 
 - Added ``afterCommit()`` and ``afterRollback()`` transaction callbacks to database connections. These callbacks run after the outermost transaction commits or rolls back. See :ref:`transactions-transaction-callbacks`.
 - Added the ``transaction()`` method to database connections to run a callback inside a transaction. See :ref:`transactions-closure`.
+- Added ``inTransaction()`` to database connections to check whether the connection is inside an active CodeIgniter-managed transaction. See :ref:`transactions-checking-transaction-state`.
 - Added ``trustServerCertificate`` option to ``SQLSRV`` database connections in ``Config\Database``. Set it to ``true`` to trust the server certificate without CA validation when using encrypted connections.
 
 Query Builder

user_guide_src/source/database/transactions.rst

@@ -192,6 +192,27 @@ Rollback callbacks also run when CodeIgniter automatically rolls back an active
 transaction while handling a transaction failure or cleaning up an unfinished
 transaction.
 
+.. _transactions-checking-transaction-state:
+
+Checking Transaction State
+==========================
+
+.. versionadded:: 4.8.0
+
+You may use ``inTransaction()`` to check whether the connection is currently
+inside an active CodeIgniter-managed transaction.
+
+It returns ``false`` when no CodeIgniter-managed transaction is active,
+including when transactions are disabled.
+
+This is useful for services or libraries that need to adapt their behavior when
+they are called from inside an existing transaction.
+
+.. note:: ``inTransaction()`` reflects transactions started through
+    CodeIgniter's transaction methods. If you start or end transactions through
+    raw SQL or driver-specific APIs, CodeIgniter may not know about that
+    transaction state.
+
 Disabling Transactions
 ======================