[CLIENT-4678] Warn if specific fields receives out of bounds constant value (represented as an enumeration in the C client)

[juliannguyen4]

Deprecations

The following API calls will emit a DeprecationWarning if an out of bounds value is passed for:

• bit_resize operation's resize_flags parameter
• map_create operation's map_order parameter
• list_set_order and list_create operations' list_order parameter
• String operation is_numeric's numeric_type parameter
• String operations regex_compare and regex_replace's regex_flags parameter
• list_sort operation's and ListSort expression's sort_flags and order parameters, respectively
• cdt_ctx.cdt_ctx_map_key_create's order parameter
• cdt_ctx.cdt_ctx_list_index_create's order parameter
• All bitwise operations' bit policy parameter
• All map operations and expressions' map policy parameter
• All list operations and expressions' list policy parameter
• All HLL operations that take in an HLL policy parameter

Improves input validation

Risks

• If new members are added to C client enums, this code must be updated to account for the new member. Currently the C client does not have a sentinel value to represent the max value for each enum type
• For the enums that are affected here, there is a chance that adding an additional check for an out of range value can reduce performance
• Breaking change: for bit resize flags, list and map order, string ops' numeric type and regex flags, and list sort flags (except for cdt_ctx objects), a ParamError is now raised if the user passes a value < INT_MIN or > INT_MAX instead of INT64_MIN and INT64_MAX, respectively. This is not a big deal since these enum values are very well within (INT_MIN, INT_MAX).

TODO

• Add test cases for a subset of the operations
• Document where deprecation notices will show up.
• Address regressions with error messages

[juliannguyen4]

=============================== warnings summary ===============================
test/new_tests/test_expressions_everywhere.py::TestPredEveryWhere::test_expressions_key_operate[ops10-expressions10-expected_bins10-expected_res10-4]
  /opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.10.20/x64/lib/python3.10/site-packages/_pytest/python.py:166: DeprecationWarning: CmpRegex expression is deprecated. Please use string expression RegexCompare instead.
    result = testfunction(**testargs)