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certo

A Spring Boot implementation of Catena-X CX-0135 Company Certificate Management (CCM): the current v3.0.0 data-plane wire protocol (CloudEvents), and the legacy v2.4.0 Company Certificate Management message API (/companycertificate/*). A certificate is JSON metadata that references one or more document binaries (e.g. a PDF), exchanged between a Certificate Provider and a Certificate Consumer.

The app hosts both roles' REST APIs in a single runtime — one instance can act as a Certificate Provider, a Certificate Consumer, or both at once:

API Spec Role
Certificate Provider API CX-0135 v3.0.0 §3.3 Accepts requests, serves certificate metadata + document binaries, answers searches, receives acceptance feedback
Certificate Consumer API CX-0135 v3.0.0 §3.2 Receives lifecycle / fulfillment notifications, exposes acceptance status
Company Certificate API (/companycertificate/*) CX-0135 v2.4.0 Legacy message API — provider request / status, consumer push / available; every message up-converts to the canonical v3 model

Scope. Only the data plane is implemented. The Dataspace Protocol (DSP) control plane — catalog, contract negotiation and the token-refresh authorization of CX-0000 §4 — is out of scope. Persistence is Spring Data JPA — an embedded H2 database by default (resets on restart), Postgres under the prod profile.

Push variants. Certo supports both push mechanisms. By default a lifecycle CREATED notification carries only the certificate id/light-triage subset and the consumer pulls the rest (push-pull). With embedded-document push (…ConsumerEmbeddedDocumentApi, documents[].contentBase64 inline) the notification carries the full certificate and its document content, and the consumer accepts without a pull — trigger it with POST /management/v1/participant-contexts/{pc}/certificates/{id}/publish and body {"embedded":true}. Metadata retrieval (GET /certificates/{id}) never includes contentBase64 (CX-0135 §3.3.2).

Protocol versions. The default protocol is v3.0.0 (CloudEvents). Certo also interoperates with the legacy v2.4.0 message-envelope protocol as a bridge — it can receive v2.4.0 (/companycertificate/request, /push, /available, /status) up-converting each message to the canonical v3 model, and send it (a publish with protocolVersion: 2.4.0, or a v2.4.0-bound consumer's fulfillment). The canonical model is version-neutral; each exchange records which version its counterparty speaks, and outbound routing selects that version's adapter — adding a future version is a new adapter, not a change to the core.

The spec this implements is vendored under docs/ccm/. For a walkthrough of every supported interaction with sequence diagrams, see docs/FLOWS.md.

Stack

  • Java 25 (LTS) — the Gradle toolchain targets Java 25 and auto-provisions it (via the Foojay resolver) if it isn't installed locally
  • Spring Boot 4.0 / Spring Framework 7 (uses Jackson 3, tools.jackson)
  • Gradle 9.5.1 via the wrapper — no local Gradle needed

Build & run

./gradlew build          # compile + test (provisions JDK 25 on first run)
./gradlew bootRun        # run on http://localhost:8080 using the JDK 25 toolchain

To run the jar directly, use a Java 25 runtime:

java -jar build/libs/certo-0.1.0.jar     # requires java 25+ on PATH

Certificate seeding is off by default. Enable it with certo.seed-sample-data=true (e.g. ./gradlew bootRun --args='--certo.seed-sample-data=true') to populate the search/retrieval endpoints with sample data; the test suite enables it automatically. When enabled, the provider seeds these sample certificates on startup (each revision references one generated PDF document):

Certificate ids are UUIDs (the same value is the v2.4.0 documentId); the seeder uses fixed UUIDs:

certificateId (fixed UUID) type revisions validUntil (latest)
00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000009001 ISO9001 1, 2 (CREATED → MODIFIED) 2027-01-24
00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000014001 ISO14001 1 2027-05-31
00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000001 IATF16949 1 2020-01-01 (expired)

Any certificate type is accepted (the seeded sample certificates happen to be ISO9001, ISO14001, IATF16949). A request for a type the provider doesn't yet hold waits for the backend, which may issue it, fail, or decline it (a business decision → DECLINED).

Domain model (CX-0135 §2)

  • A Certificate Exchange (exchangeId) is one end-to-end delivery interaction. It runs through a provider-owned Fulfillment phase (CERTIFICATION_REQUESTED → FULFILLED, or DECLINED/FAILED) and then a consumer-owned Acceptance phase (a terminal ACCEPTED/REJECTED/ERRORED reached directly from FULFILLED, or via the optional non-terminal RETRIEVED receipt).
  • A Certificate Lifecycle tracks the artifact itself (CREATED → MODIFIED* → WITHDRAWN), keyed by (certificateId, revision), independently of any exchange.
  • A certificate is metadata (certifiedLocations[], validity, trustLevel, issuer/validator, …) plus a documents[] array of references. Each document is opaque and revision-independent (one document may be shared across revisions) and is retrieved separately by id.

The state machine is enforced: only legal transitions are allowed, terminal states are immutable, and acceptance can only be reported once an exchange is FULFILLED (illegal attempts → 409 Conflict). A request for a certificate the provider already holds (covering the requested certifiedLocations) is fulfilled immediately (FULFILLED); otherwise the request is CERTIFICATION_REQUESTED and the exchange waits for the certification-authority backend to issue the certificate — the certificateId/revision are assigned only then. Request-open is idempotent (CX-0135 §2.1.1): a repeated request from the same counterparty for the same certificateType + locations (order-insensitive) reuses the still-live exchange — pending or already FULFILLED — rather than opening a duplicate, so a retried open returns the same exchangeId. A new exchange is opened only once the prior one reaches a terminal outcome (a genuine re-attempt).

The certification-authority backend is driven through the management API: it uploads the issued document (s) with POST /management/v1/participant-contexts/{pc}/documents, then POST …/{pc}/certificates (referencing them by documentIds) issues the certificate and fulfils every waiting exchange it covers; POST /management/v1/participant-contexts/{pc}/certificate-requests/{id}/fail ends a waiting exchange in FAILED.

Certificate Provider API (CX-0135 §3.3)

B=http://localhost:8080

# Search certificates with the §3.3.4 query grammar ($condition.$match of $field/$eq, AND-combined).
# Supported fields: certificateType, certifiedLocations.{bpnl,bpns,bpna}; anything else -> 501.
# Pagination (when limit is set) is carried in the RFC 8288 Link header (next/prev).
curl -s -X POST "$B/certificates/search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"$condition":{"$match":[{"$field":"certificateType","$eq":"ISO9001"}]}}'

# Request a held certificate -> FULFILLED immediately (HTTP 202)
curl -s -X POST $B/certificate-requests -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"certificateType":"ISO9001","certifiedLocations":["BPNS00000003AYRE"]}'

# Request a not-yet-held certificate -> CERTIFICATION_REQUESTED (waits for the backend)
curl -s -X POST $B/certificate-requests -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"certificateType":"ISO14001","certifiedLocations":["BPNS-NEW-PLANT"]}'   # -> CERTIFICATION_REQUESTED
# Backend issues the certificate: first upload its document(s), then add the certificate referencing them.
# Adding the certificate is a STATE change only (it does not notify anyone). Every management call is scoped
# to the provider tenant in the path: PC=<participantContextId> (from POST /management/v1/participant-contexts).
M=$B/management/v1/participant-contexts/$PC
curl -s -X POST $M/documents -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"mediaType":"application/pdf","contentBase64":"<base64-pdf>"}'          # -> 201 {documentId}
curl -s -X POST $M/certificates -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{
    "certificateType":"ISO14001", "certificateTypeVersion":"2015", "registrationNumber":"DE-14001-12345",
    "validFrom":"2026-01-01", "validUntil":"2029-01-01", "trustLevel":"high",
    "certifiedLocations":[{"bpnl":"BPNL00000000HOLDER","bpna":"BPNA00000000MAIN0","bpns":"BPNS-NEW-PLANT","locationRole":"MAIN_LOCATION"}],
    "issuer":{"issuerName":"TÜV","issuerBpn":"BPNL00000000ISSUER"},
    "documentIds":["<documentId>"]
  }'   # -> 201 {certificateId, revision}
# Discover which waiting exchanges the new certificate covers, then fulfill each per-exchange (carrying
# that consumer's flowId, which resolves the token + endpoint when security is on).
curl -s $M/certificates/<certificateId>/fulfillable-requests   # -> {items:[{exchangeId, consumerBpn, ...}]}
curl -s -X POST "$M/certificate-requests/<exchangeId>/fulfill?flowId=<flowId>"
# ...or the backend cannot issue it -> end the waiting exchange in FAILED / DECLINED
curl -s -X POST "$M/certificate-requests/<exchangeId>/fail?flowId=<flowId>"

# Poll fulfillment status
curl -s $B/certificate-requests/<exchangeId>

# Retrieve certificate metadata as JSON (always the latest revision, CX-0135 §3.3.2)
curl -s $B/certificates/00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000009001                # full metadata + documents[] references

# Retrieve a document binary by its opaque id (served with Content-Type = its mediaType)
curl -s "$B/documents/<documentId>" -o certificate.pdf

# Report acceptance outcome as a CloudEvent (404 if the exchangeId is unknown)
curl -s -X POST $B/certificate-acceptance-notifications \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/cloudevents+json' -d '{
    "specversion":"1.0","type":"org.catena-x.ccm.CertificateAcceptanceStatus.v1",
    "source":"urn:bpn:BPNL0000000002CD","sourcebpn":"BPNL0000000002CD","id":"evt-1","time":"2025-05-04T08:00:00Z",
    "data":{"exchangeId":"<exchangeId>","certificateId":"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000009001","status":"ACCEPTED"}}'

Retrieval is two-step: GET /certificates/{id} returns metadata listing the documents by reference; the consumer then follows each documents[].documentId to GET /documents/{id} for the binary. A withdrawn certificate need not stay retrievable — GET /certificates/{id} returns 200 with the minimal {certificateId, status: WITHDRAWN} body (CX-0135 §3.3.2).

Provider-initiated push — the full loop in one call

POST /management/v1/participant-contexts/{pc}/certificates/{id}/publish opens an exchange and pushes a lifecycle CREATED event to the consumer, which pulls the certificate + its documents, evaluates them, and posts its acceptance back to the provider — all in this one runtime. GET /management/v1/participant-contexts/{pc}/certificate-exchanges/{id} is a management/inspection endpoint (not in CX-0135) showing the provider's recorded view of both phases.

The publish body selects the target: protocolVersion (3.0.0, the configured native consumer, or 2.4.0, a caller-named one), embedded (full content inline vs by-reference), and revision. An empty body publishes the latest revision to the native consumer, by reference.

B=http://localhost:8080
M=$B/management/v1/participant-contexts/$PC   # PC = the provider tenant's participantContextId

# Native (v3) push to the configured consumer; empty body = latest revision, by reference
PUB=$(curl -s -X POST $M/certificates/00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000009001/publish)   # 202: {exchangeId, revision, consumerNotified:true}
EXCH=$(echo "$PUB" | python3 -c 'import sys,json;print(json.load(sys.stdin)["exchangeId"])')

curl -s $B/certificate-acceptance-status/$EXCH   # consumer side  -> status ACCEPTED
curl -s $M/certificate-exchanges/$EXCH           # provider side  -> fulfillmentStatus FULFILLED, acceptanceStatus ACCEPTED

# Push to a v2.4.0 consumer instead: name it, and embed the content so it is delivered as /companycertificate/push
curl -s -X POST $M/certificates/00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000009001/publish -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"protocolVersion":"2.4.0","embedded":true,"consumerBpn":"BPNL...","consumerDid":"did:web:legacy-consumer"}'

Certificate Consumer API (CX-0135 §3.2)

B=http://localhost:8080

# Lifecycle CREATED event -> opens a (provider-initiated) exchange; the consumer pulls + evaluates.
# v3 nests the certificate under data.certificate; CREATED carries the light-triage subset.
curl -s -X POST $B/certificate-notifications \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/cloudevents+json' -d '{
    "specversion":"1.0","type":"org.catena-x.ccm.CertificateLifecycleStatus.v1",
    "source":"urn:bpn:BPNL0000000001AB","sourcebpn":"BPNL0000000001AB","subject":"BPNL0000000002CD","id":"evt-1",
    "time":"2025-05-04T07:00:00Z",
    "data":{"status":"CREATED","exchangeId":"exch-1",
            "certificate":{"certificateId":"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000009001","revision":2,"certificateType":"ISO9001",
                           "validFrom":"2023-01-25","validUntil":"2027-01-24"}}}'

# A provider queries the consumer's acceptance decision (404 if unknown)
curl -s $B/certificate-acceptance-status/exch-1

# Fulfillment status push (counterpart of polling GET /certificate-requests/{id})
curl -s -X POST $B/certificate-notifications \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/cloudevents+json' -d '{
    "specversion":"1.0","type":"org.catena-x.ccm.CertificateFulfillmentStatus.v1",
    "source":"urn:bpn:BPNL0000000001AB","sourcebpn":"BPNL0000000001AB","id":"evt-2","time":"2025-05-04T07:30:00Z",
    "data":{"exchangeId":"exch-1","certificateId":"00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000009001","status":"FULFILLED"}}'

Both notification endpoints accept a single CloudEvent or a batch (a JSON array), per CX-0000 §4.

Consumer-initiated pull + fulfillment push (the full loop)

The consumer can open its own request on the provider and then be pushed the fulfillment status when the certificate is ready — at which point it pulls and accepts automatically. POST …/participant-contexts/{pcid}/consumer/certificate-requests is a management trigger; the request/poll it performs are CX-0135 §3.3.

B=http://localhost:8080
CM=$B/management/v1/participant-contexts/$CPC/consumer   # CPC = the consumer tenant's participantContextId
PM=$B/management/v1/participant-contexts/$PPC            # PPC = the provider tenant's participantContextId

# Consumer opens a request for a not-yet-held certificate -> CERTIFICATION_REQUESTED
OPEN=$(curl -s -X POST $CM/certificate-requests -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"providerBpn":"BPNL0000000001AB","providerDid":"did:web:provider","certificateType":"ISO14001","certifiedLocations":["BPNS-PLANT-9"]}')
EX=$(echo "$OPEN" | python3 -c 'import sys,json;print(json.load(sys.stdin)["exchangeId"])')

# Backend issues the certificate (upload document, then add the cert referencing it) -- state only
DOC=$(curl -s -X POST $PM/documents -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"mediaType":"application/pdf","contentBase64":"<base64-pdf>"}' | python3 -c 'import sys,json;print(json.load(sys.stdin)["documentId"])')
CID=$(curl -s -X POST $PM/certificates -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d "{
    \"certificateType\":\"ISO14001\", \"certificateTypeVersion\":\"2015\", \"registrationNumber\":\"DE-14001-99\",
    \"validFrom\":\"2026-01-01\", \"validUntil\":\"2029-01-01\", \"trustLevel\":\"high\",
    \"certifiedLocations\":[{\"bpnl\":\"BPNL00000000HOLDER\",\"bpna\":\"BPNA00000000MAIN0\",\"bpns\":\"BPNS-PLANT-9\",\"locationRole\":\"MAIN_LOCATION\"}],
    \"documentIds\":[\"$DOC\"]
  }" | python3 -c 'import sys,json;print(json.load(sys.stdin)["certificateId"])')
# Fulfill the waiting exchange (this fires the FULFILLED push to the consumer)
curl -s -X POST $PM/certificate-requests/$EX/fulfill

curl -s $CM/certificate-requests/$EX            # consumer's tracked fulfillment -> FULFILLED
curl -s $B/certificate-acceptance-status/$EX    # consumer's decision -> ACCEPTED
curl -s $PM/certificate-exchanges/$EX           # provider's view  -> FULFILLED / ACCEPTED

# (Equivalent to the push: the consumer can poll instead)
curl -s -X POST $CM/certificate-requests/$EX/poll

Certificate lifecycle — revise / withdraw + publish (the consumer reacts)

State and notification are separate. A state change updates the artifact but tells no one: POST /management/v1/participant-contexts/{pc}/certificates/{id}/revisions creates a new version (a revision carrying the caller's issued validity + documents, lifecycle CREATED → MODIFIED); POST …/{pc}/certificates/{id}/withdraw revokes it (WITHDRAWN). To inform a consumer you then publish that lifecycle status to one named target ({"lifecycleStatus":"MODIFIED"|"WITHDRAWN"}) — the client determines its own interest, so reaching several consumers is several publishes.

B=http://localhost:8080; C=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000014001
PM=$B/management/v1/participant-contexts/$PPC            # PPC = the provider tenant's participantContextId
CM=$B/management/v1/participant-contexts/$CPC/consumer   # CPC = the consumer tenant's participantContextId

curl -s -X POST $PM/certificates/$C/publish              # notify CREATED r1 (native consumer)
curl -s $CM/certificates/$C                              # -> CREATED, revision 1

# state: create a new version -> upload its document, then add the revision (no notification)
DOC=$(curl -s -X POST $PM/documents -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"mediaType":"application/pdf","contentBase64":"<base64-pdf>"}' | python3 -c 'import sys,json;print(json.load(sys.stdin)["documentId"])')
curl -s -X POST $PM/certificates/$C/revisions -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d "{\"validFrom\":\"2026-01-01\",\"validUntil\":\"2029-01-01\",\"documentIds\":[\"$DOC\"]}"
curl -s -X POST $PM/certificates/$C/publish -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"lifecycleStatus":"MODIFIED"}'                                 # notify MODIFIED to the native consumer
curl -s $CM/certificates/$C                              # -> MODIFIED, revision 2

curl -s -X POST $PM/certificates/$C/withdraw             # state: withdraw (no notification)
curl -s -X POST $PM/certificates/$C/publish -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"lifecycleStatus":"WITHDRAWN"}'                                # notify WITHDRAWN
curl -s $B/certificates/$C                              # -> 200 {certificateId, status:"WITHDRAWN"}
curl -s $CM/certificates/$C                              # -> WITHDRAWN

CloudEvents conformance. Inbound events are validated against CX-0000 §2.1 — required specversion ("1.0"), type, source, id, and the required sourcebpn extension; a malformed envelope is rejected with 400. Delivery is idempotent: a repeat of the same source+id is ignored. A batch is atomic — every event is validated before any is applied, so one bad event in a batch leaves the rest unapplied (400). Search rejects an unsupported field/operator with 501 and paginates via the RFC 8288 Link header.

Acceptance evaluation: on a CREATED lifecycle event (or a FULFILLED fulfillment status for its own request) the consumer pulls the certificate from the provider's data plane — an OkHttp GET /certificates/{id} (latest revision) for the metadata, then GET /documents/{id} for each referenced document, against the provider endpoint the siglet cache returns for the flow (no DSP catalog/negotiation) — and concludes directly: ACCEPTED if a document is present and the certificate is within its validity window, REJECTED ( "Certificate has expired") if past validUntil, or ERRORED if it can't be retrieved or has no document. Reporting the non-terminal RETRIEVED status is optional (CX-0135 §2.1.3), so the consumer transitions straight from FULFILLED to the terminal verdict — a single best-effort OkHttp POST /certificate-acceptance-notifications carrying a CertificateAcceptanceStatus CloudEvent — closing the exchange loop. Error entries MAY carry a per-site specifier (e.g. a BPNS).

Multi-tenancy

Every certificate and every exchange belongs to a participant context (a tenant: bpn, source, did, plus a participantContextId). There is no config-derived default — a deployment creates its tenants through the management API, and the id never appears on the CCM wire. The id is a server-generated UUID when omitted, or caller-chosen when supplied (URL-safe, unique):

curl -s -X POST $B/management/v1/participant-contexts -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"bpn":"BPNL000000000AAA","source":"urn:bpn:BPNL000000000AAA","did":"did:web:tenant-a"}'
# -> {"participantContextId":"<uuid>","bpn":…,"source":…,"did":…}

# Or choose the id (idempotent, externally-owned key):
curl -s -X POST $B/management/v1/participant-contexts -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"participantContextId":"tenant-a","bpn":"BPNL000000000AAA","source":"urn:bpn:BPNL000000000AAA","did":"did:web:tenant-a"}'
# -> {"participantContextId":"tenant-a",…}

Everything is tenant-scoped, no exceptions. A management call names the tenant it acts for (addCertificate and publish carry a participantContextId; a consumer initiate carries the consumer participantContextId + target providerBpn). An inbound protocol call is scoped to the tenant its token audience (aud = a tenant DID) resolves to: a request fulfils only from that tenant's holdings, a retrieval or search never crosses the tenant boundary.

Security & the consumer extension point

Security tokens on the CCM protocol layer are always on and always come from a siglet STS; the management API is never token-secured. A deployment must point at a siglet — certo.security.siglet-base-url is required (dev/test point at a mock siglet).

  • Inbound protocol calls must present a Bearer token; it is verified by calling siglet's revocation-aware verification endpoint POST /tokens/verify. Both a subject (sub, the caller's DID) and a bpn claim are required — a token missing either is rejected 401. The DID is the identity used for all correlation (it becomes the exchange counterparty); the BPN is only a value conveyed to the counterparty on the wire, never used for a lookup or match. The token audience (a tenant DID) resolves to the receiving tenant's participant context.
  • Outbound calls are made on behalf of the sender's participant context, addressed to the counterparty. The token and the counterparty endpoint come from the siglet cache (GET /tokens/{participantContextId}/{flowId}), so the endpoint travels with the token — there is no configured-URL fallback. Outbound HTTP runs through a retrying client (Failsafe, as in EDC's EdcHttpClient) that retries a transient IOException/5xx with backoff; every outbound call is idempotent, so retries are safe. A lost acceptance report leaves the exchange flagged for a re-drive (below).
  • flowId is ephemeral: supplied fresh on each management request that triggers an outbound call (publish, fulfill/fail/decline, consumer initiate/poll/retrieve/accept), never persisted.

Inbound consumer notifications are recorded, then emitted to InboundNotificationListener beans (a neutral InboundCcmEvent, fire-and-forget). The consumer never decides acceptance itself: a client drives the consumer management API on its own timeline, supplying its live flowId:

CM=$B/management/v1/participant-contexts/$CPC/consumer   # CPC = the consumer tenant's participantContextId
# React to a notification callback (in-process listener, or the WebhookNotificationListener when
# certo.consumer.notification-callback-url is set): retrieve for inspection, then accept.
curl -s -X POST "$CM/exchanges/$EX/retrieve?flowId=<flowId>"   # -> {certificate, documents[]}
curl -s -X POST $CM/exchanges/$EX/accept -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"status":"ACCEPTED","flowId":"<flowId>"}'
# Reconcile after a dropped callback or a lost acceptance report: what still needs the client's action?
# awaitingAcceptanceOnly surfaces exchanges FULFILLED-but-not-yet-accepted, plus any whose acceptance was
# recorded but whose report to the provider was not confirmed delivered — re-drive accept to resend it.
curl -s -X POST $CM/exchanges/query -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{"awaitingAcceptanceOnly":true}'

This is the consumer-side analogue of the provider's certification-authority backend. An unsolicited provider push still needs the client to hold (or establish) a consumer→provider flow to retrieve/report over — the control plane's job (DSP is out of scope).

Operational endpoints

Public, token-free endpoints (they are not CCM protocol paths, so the siglet interceptor never applies) for container probes and inspection — they expose no tenant data:

Endpoint Purpose
GET /health Liveness — the process is up. Dependency-free by design; wire the k8s livenessProbe here.
GET /readiness Readiness — up and the database is reachable; 200 {status:UP} or 503 {status:DOWN}. Wire the readinessProbe here.
GET /info Static service descriptor ({name, description}).

Tests

./gradlew test

ProviderCertificateApiTest and ConsumerCertificateApiTest drive both APIs through MockMvc and a real running server.

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