fix: remove double defined constructor for node class

- Remove double-defined constructor in Node class, leading to errors
when initializing with a string
- Add `from_url` class method for creating Node instances from URLs
- Enhance type hints for Node constructor parameters
- Update Configuration class to use new Node.from_url method

Author: tharropoulos

src/typesense/configuration.py

@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
+from typing import Literal
 from .exceptions import ConfigError
 from .logger import logger
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
 
-class Node(object):
-    def __init__(self, url):
-        parsed = urlparse(url);
-        if not parsed.hostname:
-            raise ConfigError('Node URL does not contain the host name.')
-        if not parsed.port:
-            raise ConfigError('Node URL does not contain the port.')
-        if not parsed.scheme:
-            raise ConfigError('Node URL does not contain the protocol.')
-        self.__init__(parsed.hostname, parsed.port, parsed.path, parsed.scheme)
 
-    def __init__(self, host, port, path, protocol):
+class Node(object):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        host: str,
+        port: str | int,
+        path: str,
+        protocol: Literal['http', 'https'] | str,
+    ):
         self.host = host
         self.port = port
         self.path = path
@@ -22,6 +20,18 @@ def __init__(self, host, port, path, protocol):
         # Used to skip bad hosts
         self.healthy = True
 
+    @classmethod
+    def from_url(cls, url: str) -> 'Node':
+        parsed = urlparse(url)
+        if not parsed.hostname:
+            raise ConfigError('Node URL does not contain the host name.')
+        if not parsed.port:
+            raise ConfigError('Node URL does not contain the port.')
+        if not parsed.scheme:
+            raise ConfigError('Node URL does not contain the protocol.')
+
+        return cls(parsed.hostname, parsed.port, parsed.path, parsed.scheme)
+
     def url(self):
         return '{0}://{1}:{2}{3}'.format(self.protocol, self.host, self.port, self.path)
 
@@ -34,7 +44,7 @@ def __init__(self, config_dict):
         self.nodes = []
         for node_config in config_dict.get('nodes', []):
             if isinstance(node_config, str):
-                node = Node(node_config)
+                node = Node.from_url(node_config)
             else:
                 node = Node(node_config['host'], node_config['port'], node_config.get('path', ''), node_config['protocol'])
             self.nodes.append(node)
@@ -43,7 +53,7 @@ def __init__(self, config_dict):
         if not nearest_node:
             self.nearest_node = None
         elif isinstance(nearest_node, str):
-            self.nearest_node = Node(nearest_node)
+            self.nearest_node = Node.from_url(nearest_node)
         else:
             self.nearest_node = Node(nearest_node['host'], nearest_node['port'], nearest_node.get('path', ''), nearest_node['protocol'])