diff --git a/.editorconfig b/.editorconfig
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b409470
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.editorconfig
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+root = true
+
+# Language indent/EOL/charset overlap with .vscode/settings.json.
+# Rulers, renderWhitespace, detectIndentation, mergeEditor, and
+# language-server settings cannot be expressed here — they stay in
+# settings.json.
+
+[*]
+charset = utf-8
+end_of_line = lf
+indent_size = 2
+indent_style = tab
+insert_final_newline = true
+trim_trailing_whitespace = true
+
+# [bat]
+[*.{bat,cmd}]
+end_of_line = crlf
+indent_size = 4
+indent_style = space
+
+# [c]
+[*.{c,h}]
+indent_size = 4
+indent_style = space
+
+# [cmake]
+[{CMakeLists.txt,*.cmake}]
+indent_size = 4
+indent_style = tab
+
+# [json]
+[*.json]
+indent_size = 2
+indent_style = space
+
+# [markdown]
+[*.md]
+indent_size = 2
+indent_style = space
+
+# [shellscript]
+[*.{bash,sh,zsh}]
+indent_size = 2
+indent_style = space
+
+# [yaml]
+[*.{yaml,yml}]
+indent_size = 2
+indent_style = space
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes
index e6605d1..1ad0590 100644
--- a/.gitattributes
+++ b/.gitattributes
@@ -1,17 +1,126 @@
+# .gitattributes — C / C++ (GitHub-hosted)
+#
+# Sources: GitHub Docs (line endings), git-scm gitattributes (diff=cpp),
+# gitattributes/gitattributes C++.gitattributes + Common.gitattributes,
+# github-linguist overrides.
+#
+# Linguist language-bar policy (Synesis): classify public C API headers as C
+# and *.cmake as CMake scripts; keep helper scripts, IDE project files, and
+# CMakeLists.txt config out of the advertised language mix. Prefer
+# -linguist-detectable over linguist-detectable=false.
+
+# Default: detect text, normalize to LF in the repository
+* text=auto
+
+# --- Source ---
+*.c text diff=cpp
+*.c++ text diff=cpp
+*.cc text diff=cpp
+*.cpp text diff=cpp
+*.cxx text diff=cpp
+*.h text diff=cpp
+*.h++ text diff=cpp
+*.hh text diff=cpp
+*.hpp text diff=cpp
+*.hxx text diff=cpp
+*.inc text
+*.inl text
+*.ipp text
+*.tcc text
+*.tpp text
+
+# --- Build / config ---
+*.am text
+*.cmake text
+*.m4 text
+*.mak text
+*.mk text
+*akefile text
+CMakeLists.txt text
+configure text eol=lf
+configure.ac text
+
+# --- Scripts ---
+*.bash text eol=lf
+*.bat text eol=crlf
+*.cmd text eol=crlf
+*.ps1 text eol=crlf
+*.sh text eol=lf
+*.zsh text eol=lf
+
+# --- Docs / meta ---
+*.adoc text
+*.markdown text diff=markdown
+*.md text diff=markdown
+*.txt text
+AUTHORS text
+CHANGELOG text
+CHANGES text
+CONTRIBUTING text
+COPYING text
+LICENSE text
+NEWS text
+README text
+TODO text
+.gitattributes text
+.gitignore text
+
+# --- Serialisation ---
+*.json text
+*.toml text
+*.xml text
+*.yaml text
+*.yml text
+
+# --- Compiled / binary artefacts ---
+*.a binary
+*.dll binary
+*.dylib binary
+*.exe binary
+*.gch binary
+*.la binary
+*.lai binary
+*.lib binary
+*.lo binary
+*.o binary
+*.obj binary
+*.out binary
+*.pch binary
+*.slo binary
+*.so binary
+
+# --- Archives / images (common) ---
+*.gif binary
+*.gz binary
+*.ico binary
+*.jpeg binary
+*.jpg binary
+*.png binary
+*.tar binary
+*.zip binary
+
+# --- GitHub Linguist ---
+**/build/** linguist-generated
+**/cmake-build-*/** linguist-generated
+
+# Classification (C-primary / C API with C++ tests; *.cmake as CMake scripts)
 *.c linguist-language=C
 *.cmake linguist-language=CMake
-*.cmd linguist-detectable=false
 *.cpp linguist-language=C++
 *.cxx linguist-language=C++
-*.dsp linguist-detectable=false
-*.dsw linguist-detectable=false
 *.h linguist-language=C
 *.hpp linguist-language=C++
-*.html linguist-detectable=false
 *.hxx linguist-language=C++
-*.sh linguist-detectable=false
-*.sln linguist-detectable=false
-*.vcxproj linguist-detectable=false
-*.vimrc linguist-detectable=false
-CMakeLists.txt linguist-language=CMake
-makefile linguist-detectable=false
+
+# Keep the bar on library languages (helpers / legacy IDE / docs /
+# CMakeLists.txt config; leave *.cmake detectable as CMake)
+*.cmd -linguist-detectable
+*.dsp -linguist-detectable
+*.dsw -linguist-detectable
+*.html -linguist-detectable
+*.sh -linguist-detectable
+*.sln -linguist-detectable
+*.vcxproj -linguist-detectable
+*.vimrc -linguist-detectable
+CMakeLists.txt -linguist-detectable
+makefile -linguist-detectable
diff --git a/.github/actions/install-sis-deps/action.yml b/.github/actions/install-sis-deps/action.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..73209b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/actions/install-sis-deps/action.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+name: Install Synesis dependencies
+description: >-
+  Clones, builds, and installs the named Synesis Information Systems
+  dependencies into a single CMake prefix, and exports that prefix both as
+  the SIS_DEPS environment variable and as the `prefix` output.
+
+inputs:
+  build-type:
+    description: CMake build type, for single-configuration generators
+    required: false
+    default: Release
+  c-compiler:
+    description: C compiler name, or the selector `cl`
+    required: true
+  cpp-compiler:
+    description: C++ compiler name; unused for the `cl` selector
+    required: true
+  dependencies:
+    description: >-
+      Whitespace-separated synesissoftware repository names, in dependency
+      order. Each is configured against those already installed, so this
+      list is deliberately NOT in lexicographic order.
+    required: true
+  install-prefix:
+    description: Directory into which every dependency is installed
+    required: false
+    default: ''
+  toolchain:
+    description: >-
+      Toolchain selector, for a toolchain that is not implied by the compiler
+      names and needs its own generator; presently only `mingw`. Empty
+      otherwise, in which case the compiler names alone select the toolchain.
+    required: false
+    default: ''
+
+outputs:
+  prefix:
+    description: Directory into which every dependency was installed
+    value: ${{ steps.install.outputs.prefix }}
+
+runs:
+  using: composite
+
+  steps:
+    - id: install
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        set -euo pipefail
+
+        PREFIX="${{ inputs.install-prefix }}"
+        [ -n "$PREFIX" ] || PREFIX="${RUNNER_TEMP}/sis-deps"
+
+        mkdir -p "$PREFIX"
+
+        if [ "${{ inputs.toolchain }}" = "mingw" ]; then
+          export PATH="/mingw64/bin:$PATH"
+        fi
+
+        for dep in ${{ inputs.dependencies }}; do
+
+          echo "::group::Installing $dep"
+
+          SRC="${RUNNER_TEMP}/${dep}-src"
+          BUILD="${RUNNER_TEMP}/${dep}-build"
+
+          git clone --depth 1 "https://github.com/synesissoftware/${dep}" "$SRC"
+
+          # NOTE: the generator and the build-type/compiler options are the
+          # *only* things that may differ between these paths; every other
+          # -D option is passed in all cases, so that no branch can silently
+          # ignore one.
+          if [ "${{ inputs.c-compiler }}" = "cl" ]; then
+            cmake -S "$SRC" -B "$BUILD" \
+              -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF \
+              -DBUILD_TESTING=OFF \
+              -DCMAKE_DISABLE_FIND_PACKAGE_MFC=TRUE \
+              -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$PREFIX" \
+              -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="$PREFIX"
+            cmake --build "$BUILD" --config "${{ inputs.build-type }}" --parallel
+            cmake --install "$BUILD" --config "${{ inputs.build-type }}"
+          elif [ "${{ inputs.toolchain }}" = "mingw" ]; then
+            cmake -S "$SRC" -B "$BUILD" -G "MinGW Makefiles" \
+              -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF \
+              -DBUILD_TESTING=OFF \
+              -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="${{ inputs.build-type }}" \
+              -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER="${{ inputs.c-compiler }}" \
+              -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER="${{ inputs.cpp-compiler }}" \
+              -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$PREFIX" \
+              -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="$PREFIX"
+            cmake --build "$BUILD" --parallel 2
+            cmake --install "$BUILD"
+          else
+            cmake -S "$SRC" -B "$BUILD" \
+              -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF \
+              -DBUILD_TESTING=OFF \
+              -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="${{ inputs.build-type }}" \
+              -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER="${{ inputs.c-compiler }}" \
+              -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER="${{ inputs.cpp-compiler }}" \
+              -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$PREFIX" \
+              -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="$PREFIX"
+            cmake --build "$BUILD" --parallel
+            cmake --install "$BUILD"
+          fi
+
+          echo "::endgroup::"
+        done
+
+        echo "prefix=$PREFIX" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+        echo "SIS_DEPS=$PREFIX" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci-cell.yml b/.github/workflows/ci-cell.yml
index 5331b72..0dddb1a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci-cell.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci-cell.yml
@@ -19,17 +19,29 @@ on:
         required: false
         type: string
         default: Release
+      toolchain:
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: ''
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
 
 jobs:
-  build:
-    name: Build (${{ inputs.cell-id }})
+  # One job per cell. Sequential steps keep each kind visible in the log
+  # without a second checkout, a second MinGW setup, or an artifact
+  # round-trip. Windows runs native .cmd runners: they do not build, so they
+  # do not take the shell -M/--no-make or -v flags.
+  build-and-test:
+    name: Build and test (${{ inputs.cell-id }})
     runs-on: ${{ inputs.os }}
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Setup MSYS2 MinGW
-        if: inputs.c-compiler == 'mingw'
+        id: msys2
+        if: inputs.toolchain == 'mingw'
         uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2
         with:
           msystem: MINGW64
@@ -40,86 +52,13 @@ jobs:
             mingw-w64-x86_64-make
 
       - name: Install test dependencies (STLSoft + shwild + xTests)
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -euxo pipefail
-
-          DEPS="${RUNNER_TEMP}/sis-deps"
-          STLSRC="${RUNNER_TEMP}/stlsoft-src"
-          STLBUILD="${RUNNER_TEMP}/stlsoft-build"
-          SHWSRC="${RUNNER_TEMP}/shwild-src"
-          SHWBUILD="${RUNNER_TEMP}/shwild-build"
-          XTSRC="${RUNNER_TEMP}/xtests-src"
-          XTBUILD="${RUNNER_TEMP}/xtests-build"
-
-          mkdir -p "$DEPS"
-
-          # 1. STLSoft
-          git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/synesissoftware/STLSoft "$STLSRC"
-          if [ "${{ inputs.c-compiler }}" = "cl" ]; then
-            cmake -S "$STLSRC" -B "$STLBUILD" \
-              -DCMAKE_DISABLE_FIND_PACKAGE_MFC=TRUE \
-              -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$DEPS" \
-              -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF \
-              -DBUILD_TESTING=OFF
-            cmake --build "$STLBUILD" --config "${{ inputs.build-type }}" --parallel
-            cmake --install "$STLBUILD" --config "${{ inputs.build-type }}"
-          else
-            export PATH="/mingw64/bin:$PATH"
-            cmake -S "$STLSRC" -B "$STLBUILD" -G "MinGW Makefiles" \
-              -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="${{ inputs.build-type }}" \
-              -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$DEPS" \
-              -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF \
-              -DBUILD_TESTING=OFF
-            cmake --build "$STLBUILD" --parallel 2
-            cmake --install "$STLBUILD"
-          fi
-
-          # 2. shwild
-          git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/synesissoftware/shwild "$SHWSRC"
-          if [ "${{ inputs.c-compiler }}" = "cl" ]; then
-            cmake -S "$SHWSRC" -B "$SHWBUILD" \
-              -DCMAKE_DISABLE_FIND_PACKAGE_MFC=TRUE \
-              -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$DEPS" \
-              -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="$DEPS" \
-              -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF \
-              -DBUILD_TESTING=OFF
-            cmake --build "$SHWBUILD" --config "${{ inputs.build-type }}" --parallel
-            cmake --install "$SHWBUILD" --config "${{ inputs.build-type }}"
-          else
-            export PATH="/mingw64/bin:$PATH"
-            cmake -S "$SHWSRC" -B "$SHWBUILD" -G "MinGW Makefiles" \
-              -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="${{ inputs.build-type }}" \
-              -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$DEPS" \
-              -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="$DEPS" \
-              -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF \
-              -DBUILD_TESTING=OFF
-            cmake --build "$SHWBUILD" --parallel 2
-            cmake --install "$SHWBUILD"
-          fi
-
-          # 3. xTests
-          git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/synesissoftware/xTests "$XTSRC"
-          if [ "${{ inputs.c-compiler }}" = "cl" ]; then
-            cmake -S "$XTSRC" -B "$XTBUILD" \
-              -DCMAKE_DISABLE_FIND_PACKAGE_MFC=TRUE \
-              -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$DEPS" \
-              -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="$DEPS" \
-              -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF \
-              -DBUILD_TESTING=OFF
-            cmake --build "$XTBUILD" --config "${{ inputs.build-type }}" --parallel
-            cmake --install "$XTBUILD" --config "${{ inputs.build-type }}"
-          else
-            export PATH="/mingw64/bin:$PATH"
-            cmake -S "$XTSRC" -B "$XTBUILD" -G "MinGW Makefiles" \
-              -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="${{ inputs.build-type }}" \
-              -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="$DEPS" \
-              -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="$DEPS" \
-              -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF \
-              -DBUILD_TESTING=OFF
-            cmake --build "$XTBUILD" --parallel 2
-            cmake --install "$XTBUILD"
-          fi
+        uses: ./.github/actions/install-sis-deps
+        with:
+          build-type: ${{ inputs.build-type }}
+          c-compiler: ${{ inputs.c-compiler }}
+          cpp-compiler: ${{ inputs.cpp-compiler }}
+          dependencies: STLSoft shwild xTests
+          toolchain: ${{ inputs.toolchain }}
 
       - name: Configure
         shell: bash
@@ -128,16 +67,24 @@ jobs:
           if [ "${{ inputs.c-compiler }}" = "cl" ]; then
             cmake -B build -S . \
               -DCMAKE_DISABLE_FIND_PACKAGE_MFC=TRUE \
-              -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="${RUNNER_TEMP}/sis-deps" \
+              -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="${{ env.SIS_DEPS }}" \
               -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=ON \
               -DBUILD_TESTING=ON
-          else
+          elif [ "${{ inputs.toolchain }}" = "mingw" ]; then
             export PATH="/mingw64/bin:$PATH"
-            cmake -B build -G "MinGW Makefiles" \
+            cmake -B build -S . -G "MinGW Makefiles" \
+              -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="${{ inputs.build-type }}" \
+              -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER="${{ inputs.c-compiler }}" \
+              -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER="${{ inputs.cpp-compiler }}" \
+              -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="${{ env.SIS_DEPS }}" \
+              -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=ON \
+              -DBUILD_TESTING=ON
+          else
+            cmake -B build -S . \
               -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="${{ inputs.build-type }}" \
-              -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=gcc \
-              -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=g++ \
-              -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="${RUNNER_TEMP}/sis-deps" \
+              -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER="${{ inputs.c-compiler }}" \
+              -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER="${{ inputs.cpp-compiler }}" \
+              -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="${{ env.SIS_DEPS }}" \
               -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=ON \
               -DBUILD_TESTING=ON
           fi
@@ -148,142 +95,50 @@ jobs:
           set -euo pipefail
           if [ "${{ inputs.c-compiler }}" = "cl" ]; then
             cmake --build build --config "${{ inputs.build-type }}" --parallel
-          else
+          elif [ "${{ inputs.toolchain }}" = "mingw" ]; then
             export PATH="/mingw64/bin:$PATH"
             cmake --build build --parallel 2
+          else
+            cmake --build build --parallel
           fi
 
-      - name: Upload build tree
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: sis-build-${{ inputs.cell-id }}
-          path: build
-          retention-days: 1
-
-  run-examples:
-    name: Examples (${{ inputs.cell-id }})
-    needs: build
-    runs-on: ${{ inputs.os }}
-
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Setup MSYS2 MinGW
-        if: inputs.c-compiler == 'mingw'
-        uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2
-        with:
-          msystem: MINGW64
-          update: true
-          install: mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain
-
-      - name: Download build tree
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: sis-build-${{ inputs.cell-id }}
-          path: build
-
       - name: Run examples
-        shell: bash
+        shell: cmd
+        env:
+          MSYS2_LOCATION: ${{ steps.msys2.outputs.msys2-location }}
+          SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}\build
         run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          if [ "${{ inputs.c-compiler }}" = "mingw" ]; then
-            export PATH="/mingw64/bin:$PATH"
-          fi
-          SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR="${{ github.workspace }}/build" ./run_all_examples.sh -M
-
-  test-unit:
-    name: Unit tests (${{ inputs.cell-id }})
-    needs: build
-    runs-on: ${{ inputs.os }}
-
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Setup MSYS2 MinGW
-        if: inputs.c-compiler == 'mingw'
-        uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2
-        with:
-          msystem: MINGW64
-          update: true
-          install: mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain
-
-      - name: Download build tree
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: sis-build-${{ inputs.cell-id }}
-          path: build
+          if /I "${{ inputs.toolchain }}"=="mingw" set "PATH=%MSYS2_LOCATION%\mingw64\bin;%PATH%"
+          call run_all_examples.cmd
+          if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
 
       - name: Run unit tests
-        shell: bash
+        shell: cmd
+        env:
+          MSYS2_LOCATION: ${{ steps.msys2.outputs.msys2-location }}
+          SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}\build
         run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          if [ "${{ inputs.c-compiler }}" = "mingw" ]; then
-            export PATH="/mingw64/bin:$PATH"
-          fi
-          export SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR="${{ github.workspace }}/build"
-          # Prefer .cmd on Windows (MSVC/MinGW) for reliable .exe discovery — see sistools/realpath
-          cmd.exe //c "run_all_unit_tests.cmd -M -v --unit-only"
-
-  test-component:
-    name: Component tests (${{ inputs.cell-id }})
-    needs: build
-    runs-on: ${{ inputs.os }}
-
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Setup MSYS2 MinGW
-        if: inputs.c-compiler == 'mingw'
-        uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2
-        with:
-          msystem: MINGW64
-          update: true
-          install: mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain
-
-      - name: Download build tree
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: sis-build-${{ inputs.cell-id }}
-          path: build
+          if /I "${{ inputs.toolchain }}"=="mingw" set "PATH=%MSYS2_LOCATION%\mingw64\bin;%PATH%"
+          call run_all_unit_tests.cmd
+          if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
 
       - name: Run component tests
-        shell: bash
+        shell: cmd
+        env:
+          MSYS2_LOCATION: ${{ steps.msys2.outputs.msys2-location }}
+          SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}\build
         run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          if [ "${{ inputs.c-compiler }}" = "mingw" ]; then
-            export PATH="/mingw64/bin:$PATH"
-          fi
-          export SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR="${{ github.workspace }}/build"
-          cmd.exe //c "run_all_unit_tests.cmd -M -v --component-only"
-
-  test-scratch:
-    name: Scratch tests (${{ inputs.cell-id }})
-    needs: build
-    continue-on-error: true
-    runs-on: ${{ inputs.os }}
-
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Setup MSYS2 MinGW
-        if: inputs.c-compiler == 'mingw'
-        uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2
-        with:
-          msystem: MINGW64
-          update: true
-          install: mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain
-
-      - name: Download build tree
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: sis-build-${{ inputs.cell-id }}
-          path: build
+          if /I "${{ inputs.toolchain }}"=="mingw" set "PATH=%MSYS2_LOCATION%\mingw64\bin;%PATH%"
+          call run_all_component_tests.cmd
+          if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
 
       - name: Run scratch tests
-        shell: bash
+        continue-on-error: true
+        shell: cmd
+        env:
+          MSYS2_LOCATION: ${{ steps.msys2.outputs.msys2-location }}
+          SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}\build
         run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          if [ "${{ inputs.c-compiler }}" = "mingw" ]; then
-            export PATH="/mingw64/bin:$PATH"
-          fi
-          SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR="${{ github.workspace }}/build" ./run_all_scratch_tests.sh -M
+          if /I "${{ inputs.toolchain }}"=="mingw" set "PATH=%MSYS2_LOCATION%\mingw64\bin;%PATH%"
+          call run_all_scratch_tests.cmd
+          if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 8bbcf0e..ca1003e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ on:
       - rc3
   pull_request:
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.pull_request.number || github.ref }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
@@ -30,10 +33,13 @@ jobs:
             os: windows-latest
             c_compiler: cl
             cpp_compiler: cl
+          # `toolchain` carries what is not a compiler: MinGW needs its own
+          # generator and PATH, but the compilers it drives are gcc and g++
           - id: windows-mingw
             os: windows-latest
-            c_compiler: mingw
+            c_compiler: gcc
             cpp_compiler: g++
+            toolchain: mingw
     uses: ./.github/workflows/ci-cell.yml
     with:
       cell-id: ${{ matrix.id }}
@@ -41,9 +47,10 @@ jobs:
       c-compiler: ${{ matrix.c_compiler }}
       cpp-compiler: ${{ matrix.cpp_compiler }}
       build-type: Release
+      toolchain: ${{ matrix.toolchain }}
 
   install-smoke:
-    name: Install smoke (${{ matrix.os }}, ${{ matrix.c_compiler }})
+    name: Install smoke (${{ matrix.os }}, ${{ matrix.toolchain || matrix.c_compiler }})
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
@@ -53,14 +60,15 @@ jobs:
             c_compiler: cl
             cpp_compiler: cl
           - os: windows-latest
-            c_compiler: mingw
+            c_compiler: gcc
             cpp_compiler: g++
+            toolchain: mingw
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Setup MSYS2 MinGW
-        if: matrix.c_compiler == 'mingw'
+        if: matrix.toolchain == 'mingw'
         uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2
         with:
           msystem: MINGW64
@@ -79,12 +87,12 @@ jobs:
               -DCMAKE_DISABLE_FIND_PACKAGE_MFC=TRUE \
               -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF \
               -DBUILD_TESTING=OFF
-          else
+          elif [ "${{ matrix.toolchain }}" = "mingw" ]; then
             export PATH="/mingw64/bin:$PATH"
             cmake -B build -G "MinGW Makefiles" \
               -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}" \
-              -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=gcc \
-              -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=g++ \
+              -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER="${{ matrix.c_compiler }}" \
+              -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER="${{ matrix.cpp_compiler }}" \
               -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF \
               -DBUILD_TESTING=OFF
           fi
@@ -95,7 +103,7 @@ jobs:
           set -euo pipefail
           if [ "${{ matrix.c_compiler }}" = "cl" ]; then
             cmake --build build --config "${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}" --parallel
-          else
+          elif [ "${{ matrix.toolchain }}" = "mingw" ]; then
             export PATH="/mingw64/bin:$PATH"
             cmake --build build --parallel 2
           fi
@@ -108,7 +116,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "INSTALL_PREFIX=$PREFIX" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
           if [ "${{ matrix.c_compiler }}" = "cl" ]; then
             cmake --install build --config "${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}" --prefix "$PREFIX"
-          else
+          elif [ "${{ matrix.toolchain }}" = "mingw" ]; then
             export PATH="/mingw64/bin:$PATH"
             cmake --install build --prefix "$PREFIX"
           fi
@@ -142,7 +150,7 @@ jobs:
               -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="${INSTALL_PREFIX}"
             cmake --build consumer-build --config "${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}" --parallel
             consumer-build/${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}/consumer.exe
-          else
+          elif [ "${{ matrix.toolchain }}" = "mingw" ]; then
             export PATH="/mingw64/bin:$PATH"
             cmake -S "$CONSUMER" -B consumer-build -G "MinGW Makefiles" \
               -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}" \
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index b94cc68..226c160 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,131 +1,95 @@
-# Synesis Information Systems .gitignore for C/C++ libraries
+# Synesis Information Systems .gitignore for C / C++ libraries
 
 
 # directories (by name)
 
-/.git-old/
-/.vs/
+bin/
+ideas/
+ipch/
+lib/
+scripts/internal/
+Win32/
+x64/
 
+.idea/
 .svn/
+.vs/
 
-.classpath
-/.idea/
-/__pycache__
-/node_modules
+__pycache__/
 
-/_build/
+/_analyses/
 /_build-ci/
+/_build/
 /_internal/
-/_analyses/
-
-/bin/
-/ipch/
-/lib/
-bin/
-ipch/
-lib/
 
-/doc/
 /docs/
 /dox/
-/dox
 /ideas/
-ideas/
+/include/xcontract/
+/include/xcover/
 /included/
+/node_modules/
 /releases/
 /scratch/
-/temp/
-
-/--include
-/--src
-/-include
-/-src
-
-/examples/bin
-/examples/c/bin
-/examples/cpp/bin
-
-/examples/lib
-/examples/c/lib
-/examples/cpp/lib
-
-projects/util/vc10-generated/
-
-perf_test/
-
-scripts/internal/
-
-/include/b64/
-/include/shwild/
-/include/xcontract/
-/include/xcover/
-/include/xtests/
-/src/b64/
-/src/shwild/
 /src/xcontract/
 /src/xcover/
-/src/xtests/
+/target/
+/temp/
+
+/examples/bin/
+/examples/c/bin/
+/examples/c/lib/
+/examples/cpp/bin/
+/examples/cpp/lib/
+/examples/lib/
 
-Debug Multithreaded DLL/
 Debug Multithreaded Dll/
-Debug Multithreaded pseudoUNIX/
+Debug Multithreaded DLL/
 Debug Multithreaded pseudoUnix/
+Debug Multithreaded pseudoUNIX/
 Debug Multithreaded/
 Debug/
+DebugDll/
 DebugDLL/
 DebugDLLUNIX/
-DebugDll/
-DebugMTDLL/
+DebugMt/
 DebugMTDll/
+DebugMTDLL/
 DebugMTUnix/
-DebugMt/
 DebugNox/
-DebugUNIX/
 DebugUnix/
-Release Multithreaded DLL/
+DebugUNIX/
 Release Multithreaded Dll/
-Release Multithreaded pseudoUNIX/
+Release Multithreaded DLL/
 Release Multithreaded pseudoUnix/
+Release Multithreaded pseudoUNIX/
 Release Multithreaded/
 Release/
+ReleaseDll/
 ReleaseDLL/
 ReleaseDLLUNIX/
-ReleaseDll/
-ReleaseMTDLL/
+ReleaseMt/
 ReleaseMTDll/
+ReleaseMTDLL/
 ReleaseMTUnix/
-ReleaseMt/
 ReleaseNox/
 ReleaseUnix/
 UDebug/
 UDebugMt/
-URelease/
-UReleaseMt/
-Unicode Debug Multithreaded DLL/
 Unicode Debug Multithreaded Dll/
+Unicode Debug Multithreaded DLL/
 Unicode Debug Multithreaded/
 Unicode Debug/
-Unicode Release Multithreaded DLL/
 Unicode Release Multithreaded Dll/
+Unicode Release Multithreaded DLL/
 Unicode Release Multithreaded/
 Unicode Release/
-
-Win32/
-x64/
+URelease/
+UReleaseMt/
 
 
 # directories (by pattern)
 
-/build/ar*
-/build/bc5*
-/build/como*
-/build/cw*
-/build/gcc3*
-/build/gcc4*
-/build/icl*
-/build/vc5*
-/build/*.zip
-
 /include-*/
 
 
@@ -133,25 +97,31 @@ x64/
 
 .DS_Store
 
-list_changes.cmd
-logging-bailout.txt
-prepare.cmd
-sh.exe.stackdump
-tidydir.cmd
-update_deps.cmd
+.classpath
+.env.development.local
+.env.local
+.env.production.local
+.env.test.local
+.ruby-version
+.svnignore
+.svnignore-at-root
+.update_deps
 
+build/CMakeCache.txt
 build/makefile.tmpl
 build/makefile.tools.xml
 build/shwild.tmplgen
-build/CMakeCache.txt
-
-include/fastformat/internal/dos2unix.has.been.performed
 include/pantheios/internal/dos2unix.has.been.performed
 include/stlsoft/dos2unix.has.been.performed
 include/stlsoft/internal/dos2unix.has.been.performed
-
+list_changes.cmd
+logging-bailout.txt
+prepare.cmd
+sh.exe.stackdump
 test/testpatterns.orj
 test/tests-plan.txt
+tidydir.cmd
+update_deps.cmd
 
 
 # files (by pattern)
@@ -159,8 +129,6 @@ test/tests-plan.txt
 *~
 *.*~
 *.???_obj
-*.VC.db
-*.VC.opendb
 *.a
 *.app
 *.aps
@@ -168,6 +136,7 @@ test/tests-plan.txt
 *.bak
 *.chm
 *.class
+*.csproj*user
 *.d
 *.diff
 *.dll
@@ -204,32 +173,42 @@ test/tests-plan.txt
 *.slo
 *.so
 *.suo
-*.swp
 *.sw[ponm]
+*.swp
 *.test
 *.tlog
 *.tmp
 *.unsuccessfulbuild
-*.vcproj*.user
-*.vcxproj*.user
-*.csproj*user
-*.vcproj*user
-*.vcxproj*user
+*.VC.db
+*.VC.opendb
 *.xcuserstate
 *.zip
 
-*.vc71.sln
-*.vc8.sln
-*.vc9.sln
+/build/*.tmpl
+/build/*.tmplgen
+/build/*.tools.xml
+/build/*.zip
+/build/ar*
+/build/bc5*
+/build/como*
+/build/cw*
+/build/gcc3*
+/build/gcc4*
+/build/icl*
+/build/vc5*
 
 RCa0*
 RCb0*
 
-build/*.tmplgen
-build/*.tmpl
-build/*.tools.xml
-
 npm-debug.log*
 yarn-debug.log*
 yarn-error.log*
 
+*.vc71.sln
+*.vc8.sln
+*.vc9.sln
+*.vcproj*.user
+*.vcproj*user
+*.vcxproj*.user
+*.vcxproj*user
+
diff --git a/.vimrc b/.vimrc
index 1bf33a0..cebe6af 100644
--- a/.vimrc
+++ b/.vimrc
@@ -42,29 +42,29 @@ autocmd BufWritePre * %s/\s\+$//e
 
 augroup sis_c_cxx
   autocmd!
+  " [bat]
+  autocmd FileType bat,dosbatch setlocal expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4 colorcolumn=60,76
 
   " [c] / [cpp]
   autocmd FileType c,cpp setlocal expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4 colorcolumn=60,64,68,72,76
 
-  " [rust]
-  autocmd FileType rs setlocal expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4 colorcolumn=76
-
   " [cmake]
   autocmd FileType cmake setlocal noexpandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
 
-  " [shellscript]
-  autocmd FileType sh,bash,zsh setlocal expandtab tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 softtabstop=2 colorcolumn=60,76
-
-  " [bat]
-  autocmd FileType bat,dosbatch setlocal expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4 colorcolumn=60,76
-
-  " [json] / [markdown] / [yaml] / [ruby]
-  autocmd FileType json,markdown,yaml,ruby setlocal expandtab tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 softtabstop=2
+  " [json] / [markdown] / [ruby] / [yaml]
+  autocmd FileType json,markdown,ruby,yaml setlocal expandtab tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 softtabstop=2
 
   " [python]
   autocmd FileType python setlocal expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4 colorcolumn=60,76
 
+  " [rust]
+  autocmd FileType rs setlocal expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4 colorcolumn=76
+
+  " [shellscript]
+  autocmd FileType bash,sh,zsh setlocal expandtab tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 softtabstop=2 colorcolumn=60,76
+
   " [toml]
   autocmd FileType toml setlocal noexpandtab tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 softtabstop=2
+
 augroup END
 
diff --git a/.vscode/settings.json b/.vscode/settings.json
index 7e91279..6aa78f6 100644
--- a/.vscode/settings.json
+++ b/.vscode/settings.json
@@ -5,8 +5,10 @@
 		"editor.tabSize": 4,
 	},
 	"[c]": {
+		"editor.defaultFormatter": "ms-vscode.cpptools",
+		"editor.formatOnSave": true,
 		"editor.insertSpaces": true,
-		"editor.rulers": [ 60, 64, 68, 72, 76 ],
+		"editor.rulers": [ 60, 64, 68, 72, 76, 120 ],
 		"editor.tabSize": 4,
 	},
 	"[cmake]": {
@@ -14,8 +16,10 @@
 		"editor.tabSize": 4,
 	},
 	"[cpp]": {
+		"editor.defaultFormatter": "ms-vscode.cpptools",
+		"editor.formatOnSave": true,
 		"editor.insertSpaces": true,
-		"editor.rulers": [ 60, 64, 68, 72, 76 ],
+		"editor.rulers": [ 60, 64, 68, 72, 76, 120 ],
 		"editor.tabSize": 4,
 	},
 	"[json]": {
@@ -34,6 +38,7 @@
 	},
 	"[ruby]": {
 		"editor.insertSpaces": true,
+		"editor.rulers": [ 60, 76 ],
 		"editor.tabSize": 2,
 	},
 	"[shellscript]": {
@@ -49,13 +54,28 @@
 		"editor.insertSpaces": true,
 		"editor.tabSize": 2,
 	},
+	"C_Cpp.autocompleteAddParentheses": true,
+	"C_Cpp.clang_format_fallbackStyle": "none",
+	"C_Cpp.clang_format_style": "file",
+	"C_Cpp.default.cStandard": "c17",
+	"C_Cpp.default.cppStandard": "c++17",
+	"C_Cpp.enhancedColorization": "enabled",
+	"C_Cpp.errorSquiggles": "enabled",
+	"C_Cpp.formatting": "clangFormat",
+	"C_Cpp.intelliSenseEngine": "default",
 	"cmake.configureOnOpen": false,
+	"debug.allowBreakpointsEverywhere": true,
 	"editor.detectIndentation": false,
 	"editor.insertSpaces": false,
 	"editor.renderWhitespace": "all",
 	"editor.rulers": [ 76 ],
 	"editor.tabSize": 2,
 	"files.associations": {
+		"*.gemspec": "ruby",
+		"*.mdoc": "troff",
+		"*.roff": "troff",
+		"Gemfile": "ruby",
+		"Rakefile": "ruby",
 		"__bit_reference": "cpp",
 		"__bits": "cpp",
 		"__config": "cpp",
@@ -76,13 +96,17 @@
 		"__tuple": "cpp",
 		"__verbose_abort": "cpp",
 		"algorithm": "cpp",
+		"api.h": "c",
 		"array": "cpp",
 		"atomic": "cpp",
+		"auto_buffer.h": "c",
 		"bit": "cpp",
 		"bitset": "cpp",
 		"cctype": "cpp",
 		"charconv": "cpp",
 		"chrono": "cpp",
+		"clasp.h": "c",
+		"cli_helpers.h": "c",
 		"clocale": "cpp",
 		"cmath": "cpp",
 		"compare": "cpp",
@@ -109,6 +133,7 @@
 		"functional": "cpp",
 		"implicit_link.h": "c",
 		"initializer_list": "cpp",
+		"invoke.h": "c",
 		"io.h": "c",
 		"iomanip": "cpp",
 		"ios": "cpp",
@@ -119,36 +144,48 @@
 		"limits": "cpp",
 		"list": "cpp",
 		"locale": "cpp",
+		"main.h": "c",
 		"map": "cpp",
-		"memory_resource": "cpp",
 		"memory": "cpp",
+		"memory_resource": "cpp",
 		"mutex": "cpp",
+		"net_helpers.h": "c",
 		"new": "cpp",
 		"numbers": "cpp",
 		"numeric": "cpp",
 		"optional": "cpp",
 		"ostream": "cpp",
+		"path_functions.h": "c",
+		"print": "cpp",
 		"queue": "cpp",
 		"random": "cpp",
 		"ranges": "cpp",
 		"ratio": "cpp",
+		"rc.h": "c",
+		"recls.h": "c",
+		"result_codes_.h": "c",
 		"semaphore": "cpp",
 		"set": "cpp",
 		"setenv.h": "c",
 		"shwild.h": "c",
+		"sleep_functions.h": "c",
 		"span": "cpp",
 		"sstream": "cpp",
 		"stack": "cpp",
+		"stdatomic.h": "c",
+		"stdbool.h": "c",
 		"stdexcept": "cpp",
 		"stdio.h": "c",
+		"stock.h": "c",
 		"stop_token": "cpp",
 		"streambuf": "cpp",
-		"string_view": "cpp",
 		"string": "cpp",
+		"string_view": "cpp",
 		"system_error": "cpp",
 		"terse-api.h": "c",
 		"text_encoding": "cpp",
 		"thread": "cpp",
+		"trace.h": "c",
 		"tuple": "cpp",
 		"type_traits": "cpp",
 		"typeinfo": "cpp",
@@ -159,6 +196,7 @@
 		"utility": "cpp",
 		"variant": "cpp",
 		"vector": "cpp",
+		"williamscrc.h": "c",
 		"xfacet": "cpp",
 		"xhash": "cpp",
 		"xiosbase": "cpp",
@@ -180,4 +218,3 @@
 	"files.trimTrailingWhitespace": true,
 	"git.mergeEditor": false,
 }
-
diff --git a/CHANGES.md b/CHANGES.md
index f776316..74426bb 100644
--- a/CHANGES.md
+++ b/CHANGES.md
@@ -1,14 +1,26 @@
 # UNIXem - Changes <!-- omit in toc -->
 
 
-## 1.14.0-rc1 - 10th September 2026
+## 1.14.0-rc1 - 21st September 2026
 
 * Canonicalised CMake exclusion variable from reserved `CMAKE_NO_SHWILD` to canonical `NO_SHWILD` in **CMakeLists.txt** and **prepare_cmake.sh**;
 * Added backwards-compatibility mapping with obsolete-variable warning for legacy `CMAKE_NO_SHWILD` in **CMakeLists.txt**;
-* Updated `UNIXEM_VER_MINOR` to 14, `UNIXEM_VER_AB` to `0xC1`, wired `UNIXEM_VER` to `UNIXEM_VER_AB` directly, and provided legacy `UNIXEM_VER_ALPHABETA` and `UNIXEM_VER_REVISION` compatibility aliases in **include/unixem/unixem.h**;
+* Updated `UNIXEM_VER_MINOR` to 14 and `UNIXEM_VER_ALPHABETA` to `0xC1`, computed `UNIXEM_VER` from `UNIXEM_VER_ALPHABETA`, and provided `UNIXEM_VER_AB` and `UNIXEM_VER_REVISION` compatibility aliases in **include/unixem/unixem.h**;
 * Added third **Details** column to **NEWS.md** table;
 * Updated installation instructions in **INSTALL.md**;
 * Documented `stpcpy`, `stpncpy`, `wcpcpy`, and `wcpncpy` in **README.md**;
+* Applied **misc-dev-scripts** **0.6.0** editor/Git/`.sis` drop-in templates on **boilerplate**;
+* Restored historical **.gitignore** patterns as a sorted union with **misc-dev-scripts** gold section layout;
+* Synchronised **run_all_examples.sh**, **run_all_examples.cmd**, **run_all_scratch_tests.sh**, and **run_all_scratch_tests.cmd** with **misc-dev-scripts** gold (optional **.sis/ci_examples_allowed_to_fail.txt** and **.sis/ci_scratch_tests_allowed_to_fail.txt** lists);
+* Corrected `INSTALL_DESTINATION` of the package configuration in **CMakeLists.txt** (formerly the undefined `LIB_INSTALL_DIR`) and removed a duplicate `BUILD_TESTING` option;
+* Corrected the implicit-link suppression definition in **examples/CMakeLists.txt** (which carried the **cstring** name);
+* Canonicalised the `SIS:AUTO_GENERATED` eyecatcher of stock **CMakeLists.txt** files, renamed the scratch-program sources to **main.c**, and shortened the scratch, unit, and component test directories (e.g. **test/scratch/dlfcn/**, **test/component/unistd/mkdtemp/**) while retaining the `test.<kind>.*` executable names;
+* Windows steps of **ci-cell.yml** now pass `SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR` and the MSYS2 location via `env:`, and propagate the `.cmd` runners' exit status;
+* Documented the `mmap()` return value in Doxygen as `\return` rather than as a `\retval` with a prose value;
+* Documented **MinGW** selection (`--mingw`) and the native `.cmd` runners in **INSTALL.md**;
+* Corrected completed-item form in **TODO.md**;
+* Removed the empty (and therefore vacuously passing) `test_1_14()` to `test_1_19()` cases from **test.component.glob**;
+* Added the blank line after the end-of-file marker of source files, wrapped over-length comments in scratch programs, and used the `char* argv[]` form of `main()` in the unit and component tests;
 
 
 ## 1.14.0-beta1 - 9th August 2026
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 5a3a856..ac1b61b 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 # Purpose:  Top-level CMake lists file for UNIXem
 #
 # Created:  10th July 2024
-# Updated:  10th September 2026
+# Updated:  9th October 2026
 #
 # ######################################################################## #
 
@@ -113,8 +113,6 @@ if(NOT WIN32)
 	message(FATAL_ERROR "${PROJECT_NAME} targets Windows only")
 endif()
 
-option(BUILD_TESTING "Build tests" ON)
-
 
 # ######################################
 # dependencies
@@ -259,7 +257,7 @@ set(EXPORT_NAME ${PROJECT_NAME_LOWER})
 configure_package_config_file(
 	${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/${EXPORT_NAME}-config.cmake.in
 	${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/${EXPORT_NAME}-config.cmake
-	INSTALL_DESTINATION ${LIB_INSTALL_DIR}/${EXPORT_NAME}/cmake
+	INSTALL_DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/cmake/${EXPORT_NAME}
 )
 
 write_basic_package_version_file(
diff --git a/INSTALL.md b/INSTALL.md
index ae11ca5..27af88c 100644
--- a/INSTALL.md
+++ b/INSTALL.md
@@ -51,6 +51,11 @@ The primary choice for installation is by use of **CMake**.
    or **xTests**; otherwise, you will need those test-only dependencies to
    be discoverable by **CMake**.
 
+   **NOTE**: **CMake** selects the generator. To build with **MinGW**
+   rather than **MSVC**, provide the flag `--mingw`, which selects the
+   "MinGW Makefiles" generator (and is the only means by which **MinGW** is
+   selected).
+
 3. Run a build of the generated **CMake**-derived build files via the
    **build_cmake.sh** script, as in:
 
@@ -68,6 +73,14 @@ The primary choice for installation is by use of **CMake**.
    $ ./run_all_unit_tests.sh
    ```
 
+   From a native Windows command prompt, use **run_all_unit_tests.cmd**
+   (and, likewise, **run_all_component_tests.cmd**,
+   **run_all_examples.cmd**, and **run_all_scratch_tests.cmd**), as in:
+
+   ```cmd
+   > run_all_unit_tests.cmd
+   ```
+
 5. Install the library on the host, via `cmake`, as in:
 
    ```bash
diff --git a/NEWS.md b/NEWS.md
index 314b39b..eb3e2f1 100644
--- a/NEWS.md
+++ b/NEWS.md
@@ -1,47 +1,47 @@
 # UNIXem - News <!-- omit in toc -->
 
 
-| Date                | News Item              | Details |
-| ------------------- | ---------------------- | ------- |
-| 10th September 2026 | Release of [UNIXem 1.14.0-rc1](https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem/releases/tag/1.14.0-rc1)    | |
-| 9th August 2026     | Release of [UNIXem 1.14.0-beta1](https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem/releases/tag/1.14.0-beta1) | |
-| 4th August 2026     | Release of [UNIXem 1.13.0-beta1](https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem/releases/tag/1.13.0-beta1) | |
-| 7th September 2025  | Release of [UNIXem 1.13.0-alpha1](https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem/releases/tag/1.13.0-alpha1) | |
-| 19th May 2025       | UNIXem 1.12.8 released | |
-| 1st May 2025        | UNIXem 1.12.7 released | |
-| 17th December 2020  | UNIXem 1.12.6 released | |
-| 19th July 2020      | UNIXem 1.12.5 released | |
-| 19th July 2020      | UNIXem 1.12.4 released | |
-| 14th October 2019   | UNIXem 1.12.3 released | |
-| 14th October 2019   | UNIXem 1.12.2 released | |
-| 9th October 2019    | UNIXem 1.11.4 released | |
-| 2nd January 2017    | UNIXem 1.11.2 released | |
-| 7th October 2015    | UNIXem 1.11.1 released | |
-| 25th September 2015 | UNIXem 1.10.2 released | |
-| 30th July 2015      | UNIXem 1.10.1 released | |
-| 16th June 2012      | UNIXem 1.9.3 released  | |
-| 4th February 2011   | UNIXem 1.9.2 released  | |
-| 13th August 2010    | UNIXem 1.9.1 released  | |
-| 13th August 2010    | UNIXem 1.8.5 released  | |
-| 4th April 2010      | UNIXem 1.8.4 released  | |
-| 6th February 2010   | UNIXem 1.8.3 released  | |
-| 13th May 2008       | UNIXem 1.8.2 released  | |
-| 22nd April 2008     | UNIXem 1.8.1 released  | |
-| 20th April 2008     | UNIXem 1.7.5 released  | |
-| 24th February 2008  | UNIXem 1.7.4 released  | |
-| 12th March 2007     | UNIXem 1.7.3 released  | |
-| 12th September 2006 | UNIXem 1.7.2 released  | |
-| 3rd September 2006  | UNIXem 1.7.1 released  | |
-| 12th August 2006    | UNIXem 1.5.2 released  | |
-| 21st September 2005 | UNIXem 1.5.1 released  | |
-| 19th June 2005      | UNIXem 1.5.3 released  | |
-| 23rd May 2005       | UNIXem 1.5.2 released  | |
-| 17th February 2005  | UNIXem 1.5.1 released  | |
-| 29th June 2004      | UNIXem 1.4 released    | |
-| 16th June 2004      | UNIXem 1.3 released    | |
-| 3rd January 2004    | UNIXem 1.2 released    | |
-| 2nd November 2003   | UNIXem 1.1 released    | |
-| 2nd February 2003   | UNIXem 1.0 released    | |
+| Date                | News Item                 | Details                                                           |
+| ------------------- | ------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| 21st September 2026 | Release of [**UNIXem** 1.14.0-rc1](https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem/releases/tag/1.14.0-rc1) | `NO_SHWILD`; computed `UNIXEM_VER`; **misc-dev-scripts** drop-ins |
+| 9th August 2026     | Release of [**UNIXem** 1.14.0-beta1](https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem/releases/tag/1.14.0-beta1) | `stpcpy()` |
+| 4th August 2026     | Release of [**UNIXem** 1.13.0-beta1](https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem/releases/tag/1.13.0-beta1) | modular CI; **CHANGES.md**; Windows-only CMake guard |
+| 7th September 2025  | Release of [**UNIXem** 1.13.0-alpha1](https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem/releases/tag/1.13.0-alpha1) | boilerplate canonicalisation begun |
+| 19th May 2025       | UNIXem 1.12.8 released    | `GLOB_NOSORT` order; **UNIXem.Util.FS**; **UNIXem.Util.Str**      |
+| 1st May 2025        | UNIXem 1.12.7 released    | CMake and MinGW support; `usleep()` minimum sleep                 |
+| 17th December 2020  | UNIXem 1.12.6 released    | Visual Studio 2019 (16.8.2) compatibility                         |
+| 19th July 2020      | UNIXem 1.12.5 released    | Visual C++ 15 and 16 support                                      |
+| 19th July 2020      | UNIXem 1.12.4 released    | makefile auto-generation refactor                                 |
+| 14th October 2019   | UNIXem 1.12.3 released    | GCC 4.9 (MinGW) compatibility                                     |
+| 14th October 2019   | UNIXem 1.12.2 released    | GCC 8.1 (MinGW) compatibility; implicit-link library names        |
+| 9th October 2019    | UNIXem 1.11.4 released    | `setenv()` / `unsetenv()` fixes                                   |
+| 2nd January 2017    | UNIXem 1.11.2 released    | library prefix naming fix; VC++ 10 files                          |
+| 7th October 2015    | UNIXem 1.11.1 released    | `mkdtemp()`; `mkstemp()`; VC++ 14                                 |
+| 25th September 2015 | UNIXem 1.10.2 released    | `unixem_gettimeofday()` fix                                       |
+| 30th July 2015      | UNIXem 1.10.1 released    | `unixem_timegm()` / `timegm()`; VC++ 11 and 12                    |
+| 16th June 2012      | UNIXem 1.9.3 released     | `GLOB_ONLYREG`; `glob()` preserves dots directories               |
+| 4th February 2011   | UNIXem 1.9.2 released     | removed **sys/select.h**; Win32 error mappings                    |
+| 13th August 2010    | UNIXem 1.9.1 released     | `unixem_`-prefixed API via macros; 64-bit fixes                   |
+| 13th August 2010    | UNIXem 1.8.5 released     | `gettimeofday()` returns `int`; VC++ 10 implicit link             |
+| 4th April 2010      | UNIXem 1.8.4 released     | implicit-link library name fix; VC++ 10                           |
+| 6th February 2010   | UNIXem 1.8.3 released     | **unistd.h** / **winsock2.h** conflict; placeholder headers       |
+| 13th May 2008       | UNIXem 1.8.2 released     | Win64 compatibility                                               |
+| 22nd April 2008     | UNIXem 1.8.1 released     | `gethostname()`; `getpid()`                                       |
+| 20th April 2008     | UNIXem 1.7.5 released     | versioned distribution root; VC++ 8 and 9 makefiles               |
+| 24th February 2008  | UNIXem 1.7.4 released     | **safestr.h**; `gettimeofday()` system-time fix                   |
+| 12th March 2007     | UNIXem 1.7.3 released     | `gettimeofday()` system time; Secure Library compatibility        |
+| 12th September 2006 | UNIXem 1.7.2 released     |                                                                   |
+| 3rd September 2006  | UNIXem 1.7.1 released     |                                                                   |
+| 12th August 2006    | UNIXem 1.5.2 released     |                                                                   |
+| 21st September 2005 | UNIXem 1.5.1 released     |                                                                   |
+| 19th June 2005      | UNIXem 1.5.3 released     |                                                                   |
+| 23rd May 2005       | UNIXem 1.5.2 released     |                                                                   |
+| 17th February 2005  | UNIXem 1.5.1 released     |                                                                   |
+| 29th June 2004      | UNIXem 1.4 released       |                                                                   |
+| 16th June 2004      | UNIXem 1.3 released       |                                                                   |
+| 3rd January 2004    | UNIXem 1.2 released       |                                                                   |
+| 2nd November 2003   | UNIXem 1.1 released       |                                                                   |
+| 2nd February 2003   | UNIXem 1.0 released       |                                                                   |
 
 
 <!-- ########################### end of file ########################### -->
diff --git a/TODO.md b/TODO.md
index ca54e85..144fa61 100644
--- a/TODO.md
+++ b/TODO.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # UNIXem - TODO <!-- omit in toc -->
 
-Updated: 10th September 2026
+Updated: 9th October 2026
 
 
 ## Functional improvements
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ Updated: 10th September 2026
 
 ## Packaging improvements
 
-* [x] ~~~Badges~~~;
-* [x] ~~~CMake~~~;
-* [x] ~~~Standardise project boilerplate files (to .md)~~~;
-* [x] ~~~Remove Visual Studio project/solution/workspace files~~~;
-* [ ] ~~~Remove custom makefiles under **build/** (retained for now)~~~;
+* [x] ~~~Badges~~~ - ✅;
+* [x] ~~~CMake~~~ - ✅;
+* [x] ~~~Standardise project boilerplate files (to .md)~~~ - ✅;
+* [x] ~~~Remove Visual Studio project/solution/workspace files~~~ - ✅;
+* [x] ~~~Remove custom makefiles under **build/**~~~ - ✅;
 * [ ] CMake optional dependencies all marked OFF in **CMakeLists.txt**;
 * [ ] Add example programs under **examples/**;
 * [ ] Add to Windows-capable package managers:
diff --git a/build_cmake.sh b/build_cmake.sh
index f39fca8..a675a9d 100755
--- a/build_cmake.sh
+++ b/build_cmake.sh
@@ -1,22 +1,119 @@
 #! /bin/bash
 
-ScriptPath=$0
-Dir=$(cd $(dirname "$ScriptPath"); pwd)
-Basename=$(basename "$ScriptPath")
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 1
+
+sis_cmake_is_truey() {
+  case "$(printf '%s' "${1:-}" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')" in
+
+    1|ok|on|true|yes|y)
+
+      return 0
+    ;;
+    *)
+
+      return 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# constants and variables
+
+Basename=$(basename "$0")
+Dir=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)
 CMakeDir=${SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR:-$Dir/_build}
-[[ -n "$MSYSTEM" ]] && DefaultMakeCmd=mingw32-make.exe || DefaultMakeCmd=make
-MakeCmd=${SIS_CMAKE_MAKE_COMMAND:-${SIS_CMAKE_COMMAND:-$DefaultMakeCmd}}
 ProjectNameFile="$Dir/.sis/project_name.txt"
 ProjectName=$(tr -d '[:space:]' < "$ProjectNameFile")
+ScriptPath=$0
 
+AlwaysUseColours=${SIS_CMAKE_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-${SIS_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-0}}
 IgnoreRemainingFlagsAndOptions=0
+SisUseColours=0
 Targets=()
 
 
 # ##########################################################
-# functions
+# colours
+#
+# Enable when tput is available and either:
+#   - AlwaysUseColours is set (overrides NO_COLOR; may set TERM if
+#     empty/dumb), or
+#   - NO_COLOR is unset, stdout is a TTY, and TERM is not dumb (union of
+#     collect-c's "TERM set + TTY" and cstring's "TTY" — empty TERM on a
+#     TTY is OK).
+
+SisClr_Blue=
+SisClr_Bold=
+SisClr_Green=
+SisClr_None=
+SisClr_Red=
+SisClr_Yellow=
+
+for arg in "$@"; do
+
+  case $arg in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      AlwaysUseColours=1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+if command -v tput >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+
+  if [ $AlwaysUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+    if [ -z "${TERM:-}" ] || [ "$TERM" = "dumb" ]; then
+
+      TERM=xterm-256color
+    fi
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  elif [ -z "${NO_COLOR:-}" ] && [ -t 1 ] && [ "${TERM:-}" != "dumb" ]; then
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ $SisUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  SisClr_Blue=${FG_BLUE:-$(tput setaf 4)}
+  SisClr_Bold=${FD_BOLD:-$(tput bold)}
+  SisClr_Green=${FG_GREEN:-$(tput setaf 2)}
+  SisClr_None=${FD_NONE:-$(tput sgr0)}
+  SisClr_Red=${FG_RED:-$(tput setaf 1)}
+  SisClr_Yellow=${FG_YELLOW:-$(tput setaf 3)}
+fi
+
+CMakeDirClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${CMakeDir}${SisClr_None}"
+ProjectNameClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ProjectName}${SisClr_None}"
+ScriptPathClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ScriptPath}${SisClr_None}"
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 2
+
+sis_cmake_build() {
 
-function join_by { local IFS="$1"; shift; echo "$*"; }
+  local config="${SIS_CMAKE_CONFIG:-Release}"
+  local args=(--build "$CMakeDir")
+  if [ -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ] && grep -q '^CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES:' "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" 2>/dev/null; then
+
+    args+=(--config "$config")
+  fi
+  if [ "$#" -gt 0 ]; then
+
+    local t
+    for t in "$@"; do
+
+      args+=(--target "$t")
+    done
+  fi
+
+  cmake "${args[@]}"
+}
 
 
 # ##########################################################
@@ -26,21 +123,16 @@ while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
 
   if [ $IgnoreRemainingFlagsAndOptions -ne 0 ]; then
 
-    Targets+=($1)
-
+    Targets+=("$1")
     shift
-
     continue
-  else
-
-    if [ ! ${1:0:1} = '-' ]; then
-
-      Targets+=($1)
+  fi
 
-      shift
+  if [ "${1:0:1}" != '-' ]; then
 
-      continue
-    fi
+    Targets+=("$1")
+    shift
+    continue
   fi
 
   case $1 in
@@ -48,18 +140,33 @@ while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
 
       IgnoreRemainingFlagsAndOptions=1
       ;;
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      # AlwaysUseColours=1 - this is handled by the for loop above
+      ;;
     --help)
 
       [ -f "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt" ] && cat "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt"
       cat << EOF
 Executes CMake-generated artefacts to (re)build project
 
-$ScriptPath [ ... flags/options ... ]
+${ScriptPath} [ ... flags/options ... ]
 
 Flags/options:
 
     behaviour:
 
+        (no arguments)
+            builds all default targets
+
+        <target> ...
+            builds one or more specific targets
+
+    -A
+    --always-use-colors
+    --always-use-colours
+        forces use of colours even when stdout is not a TTY
+
 
     standard flags:
 
@@ -72,7 +179,7 @@ EOF
       ;;
     *)
 
-      >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: unrecognised argument '$1'; use --help for usage"
+      >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: unrecognised argument '${SisClr_Red}${SisClr_Bold}$1${SisClr_None}'; use --help for usage"
 
       exit 1
       ;;
@@ -85,41 +192,26 @@ done
 # ##########################################################
 # main()
 
-if [ ! -d "$CMakeDir" ]; then
+if [ ! -d "$CMakeDir" ] || [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ]; then
 
-  >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: CMake build directory '$CMakeDir' not found so nothing to do; use script 'prepare_cmake.sh' if you wish to prepare CMake artefacts"
+  >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: CMake build directory '${CMakeDirClr}' not found or not configured; use script 'prepare_cmake.sh' first"
 
   exit 1
-else
-
-  cd $CMakeDir
-
-  if [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/Makefile" ]; then
-
-    >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: CMake build directory '$CMakeDir' does not contain expected file 'Makefile', so a build cannot be performed. It is recommended that you remove all CMake artefacts using script 'remove_cmake_artefacts.sh' followed by regeneration via 'prepare_cmake.sh'"
-
-    cd ->/dev/null
-
-    exit 1
-  else
-
-    if [ -z "$Targets" ]; then
-
-      echo "Executing build of ${ProjectName} (via command \`$MakeCmd\`)"
-    else
-
-      echo "Executing build of ${ProjectName} (via command \`$MakeCmd\`) with specific target(s) $(join_by , "${Targets[@]}")"
-    fi
+fi
 
-    $MakeCmd ${Targets[*]}
-    status=$?
+if [ ${#Targets[@]} -eq 0 ]; then
 
-    cd ->/dev/null
+  echo "Executing build of ${ProjectNameClr} (via cmake --build)"
+  sis_cmake_build
+  status=$?
+else
 
-    exit $status
-  fi
+  echo "Executing build of ${ProjectNameClr} (via cmake --build) with specific target(s): ${Targets[*]}"
+  sis_cmake_build "${Targets[@]}"
+  status=$?
 fi
 
+exit $status
 
-# ############################## end of file ############################# #
 
+# ############################## end of file ############################# #
diff --git a/clean_cmake.sh b/clean_cmake.sh
index 5d14956..733afbd 100755
--- a/clean_cmake.sh
+++ b/clean_cmake.sh
@@ -1,13 +1,117 @@
 #! /bin/bash
 
-ScriptPath=$0
-Dir=$(cd $(dirname "$ScriptPath"); pwd)
-Basename=$(basename "$ScriptPath")
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 1
+
+sis_cmake_is_truey() {
+  case "$(printf '%s' "${1:-}" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')" in
+
+    1|ok|on|true|yes|y)
+
+      return 0
+    ;;
+    *)
+
+      return 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# constants and variables
+
+Basename=$(basename "$0")
+Dir=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)
 CMakeDir=${SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR:-$Dir/_build}
-[[ -n "$MSYSTEM" ]] && DefaultMakeCmd=mingw32-make.exe || DefaultMakeCmd=make
-MakeCmd=${SIS_CMAKE_MAKE_COMMAND:-${SIS_CMAKE_COMMAND:-$DefaultMakeCmd}}
 ProjectNameFile="$Dir/.sis/project_name.txt"
 ProjectName=$(tr -d '[:space:]' < "$ProjectNameFile")
+ScriptPath=$0
+
+AlwaysUseColours=${SIS_CMAKE_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-${SIS_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-0}}
+SisUseColours=0
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# colours
+#
+# Enable when tput is available and either:
+#   - AlwaysUseColours is set (overrides NO_COLOR; may set TERM if
+#     empty/dumb), or
+#   - NO_COLOR is unset, stdout is a TTY, and TERM is not dumb (union of
+#     collect-c's "TERM set + TTY" and cstring's "TTY" — empty TERM on a
+#     TTY is OK).
+
+SisClr_Blue=
+SisClr_Bold=
+SisClr_Green=
+SisClr_None=
+SisClr_Red=
+SisClr_Yellow=
+
+for arg in "$@"; do
+
+  case $arg in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      AlwaysUseColours=1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+if command -v tput >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+
+  if [ $AlwaysUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+    if [ -z "${TERM:-}" ] || [ "$TERM" = "dumb" ]; then
+
+      TERM=xterm-256color
+    fi
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  elif [ -z "${NO_COLOR:-}" ] && [ -t 1 ] && [ "${TERM:-}" != "dumb" ]; then
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ $SisUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  SisClr_Blue=${FG_BLUE:-$(tput setaf 4)}
+  SisClr_Bold=${FD_BOLD:-$(tput bold)}
+  SisClr_Green=${FG_GREEN:-$(tput setaf 2)}
+  SisClr_None=${FD_NONE:-$(tput sgr0)}
+  SisClr_Red=${FG_RED:-$(tput setaf 1)}
+  SisClr_Yellow=${FG_YELLOW:-$(tput setaf 3)}
+fi
+
+CMakeDirClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${CMakeDir}${SisClr_None}"
+ProjectNameClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ProjectName}${SisClr_None}"
+ScriptPathClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ScriptPath}${SisClr_None}"
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 2
+
+sis_cmake_build() {
+
+  local config="${SIS_CMAKE_CONFIG:-Release}"
+  local args=(--build "$CMakeDir")
+  if [ -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ] && grep -q '^CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES:' "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" 2>/dev/null; then
+
+    args+=(--config "$config")
+  fi
+  if [ "$#" -gt 0 ]; then
+
+    local t
+    for t in "$@"; do
+
+      args+=(--target "$t")
+    done
+  fi
+
+  cmake "${args[@]}"
+}
 
 
 # ##########################################################
@@ -16,18 +120,27 @@ ProjectName=$(tr -d '[:space:]' < "$ProjectNameFile")
 while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
 
   case $1 in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      # AlwaysUseColours=1 - this is handled by the for loop above
+      ;;
     --help)
 
       [ -f "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt" ] && cat "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt"
       cat << EOF
-Executes CMake-generated artefacts to clean project
+Cleans CMake-generated build artefacts via cmake --build --target clean
 
-$ScriptPath [ ... flags/options ... ]
+${ScriptPath} [ ... flags/options ... ]
 
 Flags/options:
 
     behaviour:
 
+    -A
+    --always-use-colors
+    --always-use-colours
+        forces use of colours even when stdout is not a TTY
+
 
     standard flags:
 
@@ -40,7 +153,7 @@ EOF
       ;;
     *)
 
-      >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: unrecognised argument '$1'; use --help for usage"
+      >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: unrecognised argument '${SisClr_Red}${SisClr_Bold}$1${SisClr_None}'; use --help for usage"
 
       exit 1
       ;;
@@ -53,35 +166,16 @@ done
 # ##########################################################
 # main()
 
-if [ ! -d "$CMakeDir" ]; then
+if [ ! -d "$CMakeDir" ] || [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ]; then
 
-  >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: CMake build directory '$CMakeDir' not found so nothing to do; use script 'prepare_cmake.sh' if you wish to prepare CMake artefacts"
+  >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: CMake build directory '${CMakeDirClr}' not found or not configured; nothing to clean"
 
   exit 1
-else
-
-  cd $CMakeDir
-
-  if [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/Makefile" ]; then
-
-    >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: CMake build directory '$CMakeDir' does not contain expected file 'Makefile', so a clean cannot be performed. It is recommended that you remove all CMake artefacts using script 'remove_cmake_artefacts.sh' followed by regeneration via 'prepare_cmake.sh'"
-
-    cd ->/dev/null
-
-    exit 1
-  else
-
-    echo "Cleaning build of ${ProjectName} (via command \`$MakeCmd clean\`)"
-
-    $MakeCmd clean
-    status=$?
-
-    cd ->/dev/null
-
-    exit $status
-  fi
 fi
 
+echo "Executing clean of ${ProjectNameClr} (via cmake --build --target clean)"
+sis_cmake_build clean
+exit $?
 
-# ############################## end of file ############################# #
 
+# ############################## end of file ############################# #
diff --git a/ctest_cmake.sh b/ctest_cmake.sh
index 517462e..4e09ee2 100755
--- a/ctest_cmake.sh
+++ b/ctest_cmake.sh
@@ -1,16 +1,119 @@
 #! /bin/bash
 
-ScriptPath=$0
-Dir=$(cd $(dirname "$ScriptPath"); pwd)
-Basename=$(basename "$ScriptPath")
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 1
+
+sis_cmake_is_truey() {
+  case "$(printf '%s' "${1:-}" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')" in
+
+    1|ok|on|true|yes|y)
+
+      return 0
+    ;;
+    *)
+
+      return 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# constants and variables
+
+Basename=$(basename "$0")
+Dir=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)
 CMakeDir=${SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR:-$Dir/_build}
-[[ -n "$MSYSTEM" ]] && DefaultMakeCmd=mingw32-make.exe || DefaultMakeCmd=make
-MakeCmd=${SIS_CMAKE_MAKE_COMMAND:-${SIS_CMAKE_COMMAND:-$DefaultMakeCmd}}
 ProjectNameFile="$Dir/.sis/project_name.txt"
 ProjectName=$(tr -d '[:space:]' < "$ProjectNameFile")
+ScriptPath=$0
 
-CMakeVerbose=
+AlwaysUseColours=${SIS_CMAKE_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-${SIS_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-0}}
+CTestVerbose=
 RunMake=1
+SisUseColours=0
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# colours
+#
+# Enable when tput is available and either:
+#   - AlwaysUseColours is set (overrides NO_COLOR; may set TERM if
+#     empty/dumb), or
+#   - NO_COLOR is unset, stdout is a TTY, and TERM is not dumb (union of
+#     collect-c's "TERM set + TTY" and cstring's "TTY" — empty TERM on a
+#     TTY is OK).
+
+SisClr_Blue=
+SisClr_Bold=
+SisClr_Green=
+SisClr_None=
+SisClr_Red=
+SisClr_Yellow=
+
+for arg in "$@"; do
+
+  case $arg in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      AlwaysUseColours=1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+if command -v tput >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+
+  if [ $AlwaysUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+    if [ -z "${TERM:-}" ] || [ "$TERM" = "dumb" ]; then
+
+      TERM=xterm-256color
+    fi
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  elif [ -z "${NO_COLOR:-}" ] && [ -t 1 ] && [ "${TERM:-}" != "dumb" ]; then
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ $SisUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  SisClr_Blue=${FG_BLUE:-$(tput setaf 4)}
+  SisClr_Bold=${FD_BOLD:-$(tput bold)}
+  SisClr_Green=${FG_GREEN:-$(tput setaf 2)}
+  SisClr_None=${FD_NONE:-$(tput sgr0)}
+  SisClr_Red=${FG_RED:-$(tput setaf 1)}
+  SisClr_Yellow=${FG_YELLOW:-$(tput setaf 3)}
+fi
+
+CMakeDirClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${CMakeDir}${SisClr_None}"
+ProjectNameClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ProjectName}${SisClr_None}"
+ScriptPathClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ScriptPath}${SisClr_None}"
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 2
+
+sis_cmake_build() {
+
+  local config="${SIS_CMAKE_CONFIG:-Release}"
+  local args=(--build "$CMakeDir")
+  if [ -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ] && grep -q '^CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES:' "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" 2>/dev/null; then
+
+    args+=(--config "$config")
+  fi
+  if [ "$#" -gt 0 ]; then
+
+    local t
+    for t in "$@"; do
+
+      args+=(--target "$t")
+    done
+  fi
+
+  cmake "${args[@]}"
+}
 
 
 # ##########################################################
@@ -19,13 +122,17 @@ RunMake=1
 while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
 
   case $1 in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      # AlwaysUseColours=1 - this is handled by the for loop above
+      ;;
     --no-make|-M)
 
       RunMake=0
       ;;
     --verbose|-V)
 
-      CMakeVerbose=--verbose
+      CTestVerbose=--verbose
       ;;
     --help)
 
@@ -33,15 +140,20 @@ while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
       cat << EOF
 Runs CMake's CTest test program(s)
 
-$ScriptPath [ ... flags/options ... ]
+${ScriptPath} [ ... flags/options ... ]
 
 Flags/options:
 
     behaviour:
 
+    -A
+    --always-use-colors
+    --always-use-colours
+        forces use of colours even when stdout is not a TTY
+
     -M
     --no-make
-        does not execute CMake and make before running tests
+        does not execute a build before running tests
 
     -V
     --verbose
@@ -59,7 +171,7 @@ EOF
       ;;
     *)
 
-      >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: unrecognised argument '$1'; use --help for usage"
+      >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: unrecognised argument '${SisClr_Red}${SisClr_Bold}$1${SisClr_None}'; use --help for usage"
 
       exit 1
       ;;
@@ -76,29 +188,48 @@ status=0
 
 if [ $RunMake -ne 0 ]; then
 
-  echo "Executing build of ${ProjectName} (via command \`$MakeCmd\`) and then running all component and unit test programs"
+  echo
+  echo "Executing build of ${ProjectNameClr} (via cmake --build) and then running CTest"
 
-  mkdir -p $CMakeDir || exit 1
+  mkdir -p "$CMakeDir" || exit 1
 
-  cd $CMakeDir
+  if [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ]; then
 
-  $MakeCmd
-  status=$?
+    >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: '${CMakeDirClr}' is not configured; use prepare_cmake.sh first"
 
-  cd ->/dev/null
+    exit 1
+  fi
+
+  sis_cmake_build
+  status=$?
 else
 
-  if [ ! -d "$CMakeDir" ] || [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ] || [ ! -d "$CMakeDir/CMakeFiles" ]; then
+  if [ ! -d "$CMakeDir" ] || [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ]; then
 
-    >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: cannot run in '--no-make' mode without a previous successful build step"
+    >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: cannot run in '--no-make' mode without a previous successful configure/build"
+
+    exit 1
   fi
 fi
 
 if [ $status -eq 0 ]; then
 
-  echo "Running CMake tests"
+  echo
+  echo "Running ${ProjectNameClr} CMake tests"
+
+  # Multi-config generators (e.g. Visual Studio) need -C <config>;
+  # mirror sis_cmake_build's CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES detection.
+  ctest_args=(--test-dir "$CMakeDir" --output-on-failure)
+  if [ -n "$CTestVerbose" ]; then
+
+    ctest_args+=("$CTestVerbose")
+  fi
+  if [ -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ] && grep -q '^CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES:' "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" 2>/dev/null; then
 
-  ctest --test-dir $CMakeDir $CMakeVerbose
+    ctest_args+=(-C "${SIS_CMAKE_CONFIG:-Release}")
+  fi
+
+  ctest "${ctest_args[@]}"
   status=$?
 fi
 
@@ -106,4 +237,3 @@ exit $status
 
 
 # ############################## end of file ############################# #
-
diff --git a/examples/CMakeLists.txt b/examples/CMakeLists.txt
index 32eeb75..42c836e 100644
--- a/examples/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/examples/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ if(WIN32)
 	endif()
 
 	# suppress implicit-link file
-	add_definitions(-DCSTRING_INCL_CSTRING_H_IMPLICIT_LINK)
+	add_definitions(-DUNIXEM_INCL_UNIXEM_H_IMPLICIT_LINK)
 endif(WIN32)
 
 if((MSVC) AND (MSVC_VERSION GREATER_EQUAL 1914))
diff --git a/include/asm/atomic.h b/include/asm/atomic.h
index ef9c4b8..7e46227 100644
--- a/include/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
  *          Windows platform.
  *
  * Created: 21st November 2003
- * Updated: 1st May 2025
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2025, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2003-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_ATOMIC_MAJOR      3
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_ATOMIC_MINOR      0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_ATOMIC_REVISION   1
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_ATOMIC_EDIT       23
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_ATOMIC_EDIT       24
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -110,3 +110,4 @@ extern "C" {
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_SYS_H_ATOMIC */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/dirent.h b/include/dirent.h
index af76437..e6517a7 100644
--- a/include/dirent.h
+++ b/include/dirent.h
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
  *          Windows platform.
  *
  * Created: 19th October 2002
- * Updated: 1st May 2025
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2025, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2002-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_DIRENT_MAJOR      4
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_DIRENT_MINOR      0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_DIRENT_REVISION   1
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_DIRENT_EDIT       39
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_DIRENT_EDIT       40
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -221,3 +221,4 @@ struct dirent* readdir(DIR* dir);
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_H_DIRENT */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/dlfcn.h b/include/dlfcn.h
index 4037d18..7222d5a 100644
--- a/include/dlfcn.h
+++ b/include/dlfcn.h
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
  *          functions.
  *
  * Created: 1st January 2004
- * Updated: 18th May 2025
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2025, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2004-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_DLFCN_MAJOR       3
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_DLFCN_MINOR       0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_DLFCN_REVISION    1
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_DLFCN_EDIT        23
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_DLFCN_EDIT        24
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -186,3 +186,4 @@ char const* dlerror(void);
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_H_DLFCN */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/glob.h b/include/glob.h
index c29ae3d..2c62992 100644
--- a/include/glob.h
+++ b/include/glob.h
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
  *          Windows platform.
  *
  * Created: 13th November 2002
- * Updated: 1st May 2025
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2025, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2002-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_GLOB_MAJOR    3
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_GLOB_MINOR    0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_GLOB_REVISION 4
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_GLOB_EDIT     43
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_GLOB_EDIT     44
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -190,3 +190,4 @@ void globfree(glob_t* pglob);
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_H_GLOB */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/sys/mman.h b/include/sys/mman.h
index a383c99..91bea8b 100644
--- a/include/sys/mman.h
+++ b/include/sys/mman.h
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@
  * Purpose: Declaration of the mmap() and munmap() API functions.
  *
  * Created: 18th December 2003
- * Updated: 1st May 2025
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2025, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2003-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_MMAP_MAJOR    3
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_MMAP_MINOR    0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_MMAP_REVISION 1
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_MMAP_EDIT     29
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_MMAP_EDIT     30
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -121,8 +121,8 @@ extern "C"
  *  anonymous map
  * \param offset The offset within the file to start the mapped region
  *
- * \retval pointer to mapped region if successful
- * \retval MAP_FAILED if failed
+ * \return A pointer to the mapped region if successful; otherwise
+ *   \c MAP_FAILED
  *
  * \note The current implementation supports the following three modes:
  * 1. Read-only file; 2. Read-write file; 3. Anonymous Read-write block of
@@ -200,3 +200,4 @@ int msync(
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_SYS_H_MMAP */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/sys/resource.h b/include/sys/resource.h
index cd3e2fd..a00cacd 100644
--- a/include/sys/resource.h
+++ b/include/sys/resource.h
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
  *          types for the Windows platform.
  *
  * Created: 9th June 2006
- * Updated: 28th November 2024
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2024, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2006-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_RESOURCE_MAJOR    2
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_RESOURCE_MINOR    0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_RESOURCE_REVISION 1
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_RESOURCE_EDIT     12
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_RESOURCE_EDIT     13
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -140,3 +140,4 @@ int getrusage(
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_SYS_H_RESOURCE */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/sys/time.h b/include/sys/time.h
index a3233b5..79688ee 100644
--- a/include/sys/time.h
+++ b/include/sys/time.h
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
  *          types for the Windows platform.
  *
  * Created: 8th December 2002
- * Updated: 18th May 2025
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2025, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2002-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_TIME_MAJOR    3
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_TIME_MINOR    0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_TIME_REVISION 1
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_TIME_EDIT     30
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_TIME_EDIT     31
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -138,3 +138,4 @@ int gettimeofday(
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_SYS_H_TIME */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/sys/uio.h b/include/sys/uio.h
index 291e9cf..4c2f5fe 100644
--- a/include/sys/uio.h
+++ b/include/sys/uio.h
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@
  * Purpose: Vector file read/write.
  *
  * Created: 19th September 2005
- * Updated: 28th November 2024
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2024, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2005-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_UIO_MAJOR     2
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_UIO_MINOR     0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_UIO_REVISION  1
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_UIO_EDIT      15
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_SYS_H_UIO_EDIT      16
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -157,3 +157,4 @@ ssize_t writev(
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_SYS_H_UIO */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/unistd.h b/include/unistd.h
index 8ad639e..451f314 100644
--- a/include/unistd.h
+++ b/include/unistd.h
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@
  * Purpose: Declaration of various UNIX standard functions.
  *
  * Created: 1st November 2003
- * Updated: 18th May 2025
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2025, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2003-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_UNISTD_MAJOR      3
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_UNISTD_MINOR      1
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_UNISTD_REVISION   1
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_UNISTD_EDIT       48
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_H_UNISTD_EDIT       49
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -556,3 +556,4 @@ extern "C++"
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_H_UNISTD */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/unixem/asm/atomic.h b/include/unixem/asm/atomic.h
index ceac6bb..01a0c9d 100644
--- a/include/unixem/asm/atomic.h
+++ b/include/unixem/asm/atomic.h
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
  *          Windows platform.
  *
  * Created: 21st November 2003
- * Updated: 29th November 2024
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2024, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2003-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_ASM_H_ATOMIC_MAJOR       3
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_ASM_H_ATOMIC_MINOR       0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_ASM_H_ATOMIC_REVISION    1
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_ASM_H_ATOMIC_EDIT        22
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_ASM_H_ATOMIC_EDIT        23
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -113,3 +113,4 @@ int     unixem_atomic_sub_and_test(int i, unixem_atomic_t volatile* v);
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_UNIXEM_ASM_H_ATOMIC */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/unixem/dirent.h b/include/unixem/dirent.h
index 2b731fe..e3a4202 100644
--- a/include/unixem/dirent.h
+++ b/include/unixem/dirent.h
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
  *          Windows platform.
  *
  * Created: 19th October 2002
- * Updated: 1st May 2025
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2025, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2002-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_DIRENT_MAJOR       4
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_DIRENT_MINOR       0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_DIRENT_REVISION    1
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_DIRENT_EDIT        38
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_DIRENT_EDIT        39
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -196,3 +196,4 @@ struct unixem_wdirent* unixem_wreaddir(unixem_wDIR* dir);
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_UNIXEM_H_DIRENT */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/unixem/glob.h b/include/unixem/glob.h
index fbde9af..8ee3073 100644
--- a/include/unixem/glob.h
+++ b/include/unixem/glob.h
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
  *          Windows platform.
  *
  * Created: 13th November 2002
- * Updated: 1st May 2025
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2025, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2002-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNIXEM_GLOB_MAJOR     3
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNIXEM_GLOB_MINOR     0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNIXEM_GLOB_REVISION  3
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNIXEM_GLOB_EDIT      43
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNIXEM_GLOB_EDIT      44
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -188,3 +188,4 @@ void unixem_globfree(unixem_glob_t* pglob);
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_UNIXEM_H_GLOB */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/unixem/internal/safestr.h b/include/unixem/internal/safestr.h
index 000ba77..b4c97e5 100644
--- a/include/unixem/internal/safestr.h
+++ b/include/unixem/internal/safestr.h
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@
  * Purpose: Internal utility header for the UNIXem API.
  *
  * Created: 28th December 2007
- * Updated: 29th November 2024
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2024, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2007-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
 # define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_SAFESTR_MAJOR     1
 # define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_SAFESTR_MINOR     0
 # define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_SAFESTR_REVISION  1
-# define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_SAFESTR_EDIT      8
+# define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_SAFESTR_EDIT      9
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -110,3 +110,4 @@
 #endif /* UNIXEM_INCL_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_SAFESTR */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/unixem/internal/stdint.h b/include/unixem/internal/stdint.h
index 316cc9d..359d9d8 100644
--- a/include/unixem/internal/stdint.h
+++ b/include/unixem/internal/stdint.h
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
  * Purpose: Discrimination of integers.
  *
  * Created: 29th November 2024
- * Updated: 29th November 2024
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
 # define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_internal_h_stdint_MAJOR      1
 # define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_internal_h_stdint_MINOR      0
 # define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_internal_h_stdint_REVISION   0
-# define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_internal_h_stdint_EDIT       1
+# define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_internal_h_stdint_EDIT       2
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -138,3 +138,4 @@ typedef signed long                                         unixem_ssize_t;
 #endif /* UNIXEM_INCL_UNIXEM_internal_h_stdint */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/unixem/internal/util.h b/include/unixem/internal/util.h
index 70a0e7c..c3acd52 100644
--- a/include/unixem/internal/util.h
+++ b/include/unixem/internal/util.h
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@
  * Purpose: Internal utility header for the UNIXem API.
  *
  * Created: 2nd September 2005
- * Updated: 17th May 2025
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2025, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2005-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
 # define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_UTIL_MAJOR    1
 # define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_UTIL_MINOR    4
 # define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_UTIL_REVISION 2
-# define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_UTIL_EDIT     15
+# define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_UTIL_EDIT     16
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -174,3 +174,4 @@ unixem_internal_yearIsLeap(
 #endif /* UNIXEM_INCL_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_UTIL */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/unixem/internal/winsock.h b/include/unixem/internal/winsock.h
index dcee69c..9dd6b60 100644
--- a/include/unixem/internal/winsock.h
+++ b/include/unixem/internal/winsock.h
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
  *          support timeval and gethostname()).
  *
  * Created: 28th December 2007
- * Updated: 10th July 2024
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2024, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2007-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
 # define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_WINSOCK_MAJOR     1
 # define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_WINSOCK_MINOR     0
 # define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_WINSOCK_REVISION  3
-# define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_WINSOCK_EDIT      8
+# define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_WINSOCK_EDIT      9
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -111,3 +111,4 @@
 #endif /* UNIXEM_INCL_UNIXEM_INTERNAL_H_WINSOCK */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/unixem/sys/mman.h b/include/unixem/sys/mman.h
index e55a955..ab87e53 100644
--- a/include/unixem/sys/mman.h
+++ b/include/unixem/sys/mman.h
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@
  * Purpose: Declaration of the mmap() and munmap() API functions.
  *
  * Created: 18th December 2003
- * Updated: 28th November 2024
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2024, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2003-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_MMAP_MAJOR     3
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_MMAP_MINOR     0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_MMAP_REVISION  1
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_MMAP_EDIT      27
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_MMAP_EDIT      28
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -131,8 +131,8 @@ extern "C"
  *  anonymous map
  * \param offset The offset within the file to start the mapped region
  *
- * \retval pointer to mapped region if successful
- * \retval MAP_FAILED if failed
+ * \return A pointer to the mapped region if successful; otherwise
+ *   \c MAP_FAILED
  *
  * \note The current implementation supports the following three modes:
  * 1. Read-only file; 2. Read-write file; 3. Anonymous Read-write block of
@@ -195,3 +195,4 @@ int unixem_msync(
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_UNIXEM_SYS_H_MMAP */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/unixem/sys/resource.h b/include/unixem/sys/resource.h
index ee2372e..60aaffb 100644
--- a/include/unixem/sys/resource.h
+++ b/include/unixem/sys/resource.h
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
  *          types for the Windows platform.
  *
  * Created: 9th June 2006
- * Updated: 28th November 2024
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2024, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2006-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_RESOURCE_MAJOR     2
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_RESOURCE_MINOR     0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_RESOURCE_REVISION  1
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_RESOURCE_EDIT      11
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_RESOURCE_EDIT      12
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -139,3 +139,4 @@ extern int unixem_getrusage(
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_UNIXEM_SYS_H_RESOURCE */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/unixem/sys/time.h b/include/unixem/sys/time.h
index b0577fd..5402089 100644
--- a/include/unixem/sys/time.h
+++ b/include/unixem/sys/time.h
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@
  *          types for the Windows platform.
  *
  * Created: 8th December 2002
- * Updated: 28th November 2024
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2024, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2002-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_TIME_MAJOR     3
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_TIME_MINOR     0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_TIME_REVISION  2
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_TIME_EDIT      29
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_TIME_EDIT      30
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -134,3 +134,4 @@ extern int unixem_gettimeofday(
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_UNIXEM_SYS_H_TIME */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/unixem/sys/uio.h b/include/unixem/sys/uio.h
index f6d22f6..12859f7 100644
--- a/include/unixem/sys/uio.h
+++ b/include/unixem/sys/uio.h
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@
  * Purpose: Vector file read/write.
  *
  * Created: 19th September 2005
- * Updated: 29th November 2024
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2024, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2005-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_UIO_MAJOR      2
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_UIO_MINOR      0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_UIO_REVISION   2
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_UIO_EDIT       16
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_SYS_H_UIO_EDIT       17
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -146,3 +146,4 @@ unixem_writev(
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_UNIXEM_SYS_H_UIO */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/unixem/time.h b/include/unixem/time.h
index 80ce6db..b1413a4 100644
--- a/include/unixem/time.h
+++ b/include/unixem/time.h
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@
  * Purpose: Time functions and types for the Windows platform.
  *
  * Created: 5th May 2014
- * Updated: 1st May 2025
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2025, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2014-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNIXEM_TIME_MAJOR      1
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNIXEM_TIME_MINOR      0
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNIXEM_TIME_REVISION   1
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNIXEM_TIME_EDIT       5
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNIXEM_TIME_EDIT       6
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -131,3 +131,4 @@ timegm(
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_UNIXEM_H_TIME */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/unixem/unistd.h b/include/unixem/unistd.h
index 5a9baed..2b4d435 100644
--- a/include/unixem/unistd.h
+++ b/include/unixem/unistd.h
@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@
  * Purpose: Declaration of various UNIX standard functions.
  *
  * Created: 1st November 2003
- * Updated: 1st May 2025
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019-2025, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2026, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Information Systems
  * Copyright (c) 2003-2019, Matthew Wilson and Synesis Software
  * All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNISTD_MAJOR       3
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNISTD_MINOR       1
 # define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNISTD_REVISION    1
-# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNISTD_EDIT        50
+# define SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNISTD_EDIT        51
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
@@ -337,3 +337,4 @@ int __stdcall unixem_gethostname(
 #endif /* SYNSOFT_UNIXEM_INCL_UNIXEM_H_UNISTD */
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/include/unixem/unixem.h b/include/unixem/unixem.h
index 4d36d28..f2ad144 100644
--- a/include/unixem/unixem.h
+++ b/include/unixem/unixem.h
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
  * Purpose: Version header for the UNIXem API.
  *
  * Created: 29th August 2005
- * Updated: 10th September 2026
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * Home:    https://github.com/synesissoftware/UNIXem
  *
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
 # define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNIXEM_MAJOR       1
 # define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNIXEM_MINOR       7
 # define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNIXEM_REVISION    9
-# define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNIXEM_EDIT        34
+# define UNIXEM_VER_UNIXEM_H_UNIXEM_EDIT        35
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 /** \def UNIXEM_VER_MAJOR
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
  * The patch (aka revision) version number of UNIXem
  */
 
-/** \def UNIXEM_VER_AB
+/** \def UNIXEM_VER_ALPHABETA
  * The alpha/beta/rc number of UNIXem
  */
 
@@ -82,19 +82,19 @@
 #define UNIXEM_VER_MAJOR        1
 #define UNIXEM_VER_MINOR        14
 #define UNIXEM_VER_PATCH        0
-#define UNIXEM_VER_AB           0xC1
+#define UNIXEM_VER_ALPHABETA    0xC1
 
 #define UNIXEM_VER \
     (0\
         |   (   UNIXEM_VER_MAJOR       << 24   ) \
         |   (   UNIXEM_VER_MINOR       << 16   ) \
         |   (   UNIXEM_VER_PATCH       <<  8   ) \
-        |   (   UNIXEM_VER_AB          <<  0   ) \
+        |   (   UNIXEM_VER_ALPHABETA   <<  0   ) \
     )
 
 #ifndef UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION
-# define UNIXEM_VER_ALPHABETA          UNIXEM_VER_AB
-# define UNIXEM_VER_REVISION           UNIXEM_VER_PATCH
+# define UNIXEM_VER_AB                                      UNIXEM_VER_ALPHABETA
+# define UNIXEM_VER_REVISION                                UNIXEM_VER_PATCH
 #endif /* !UNIXEM_DOCUMENTATION_SKIP_SECTION */
 
 
diff --git a/prepare_cmake.sh b/prepare_cmake.sh
index 352ab04..d2502a7 100755
--- a/prepare_cmake.sh
+++ b/prepare_cmake.sh
@@ -1,32 +1,136 @@
 #! /bin/bash
 
-ScriptPath=$0
-Dir=$(cd $(dirname "$ScriptPath"); pwd)
-Basename=$(basename "$ScriptPath")
-CMakeDir=${SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR:-$Dir/_build}
-if [[ -n "$MSYSTEM" ]]; then
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 1
 
-  DefaultMakeCmd=mingw32-make.exe
-  MinGW=1
-else
+sis_cmake_is_truey() {
+  case "$(printf '%s' "${1:-}" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')" in
 
-  DefaultMakeCmd=make
-fi
-MakeCmd=${SIS_CMAKE_MAKE_COMMAND:-${SIS_CMAKE_COMMAND:-$DefaultMakeCmd}}
+    1|ok|on|true|yes|y)
+
+      return 0
+    ;;
+    *)
+
+      return 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# constants and variables
+
+Basename=$(basename "$0")
+Dir=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)
+CMakeDir=${SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR:-$Dir/_build}
 ProjectNameFile="$Dir/.sis/project_name.txt"
 ProjectName=$(tr -d '[:space:]' < "$ProjectNameFile")
+ScriptPath=$0
 
-
+AlwaysUseColours=${SIS_CMAKE_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-${SIS_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-0}}
+BuildSharedLibs=0
 Configuration=Release
 ExamplesDisabled=0
+MinGW=$(sis_cmake_is_truey "${SIS_CMAKE_MINGW:-}" && echo 1 || echo 0)
 MSVC_MT=0
-MinGW="${MinGW:=0}"
-NO_shwild=0
 RunMake=0
-STLSoftDirGiven=
+SisUseColours=0
 TestingDisabled=0
 VerboseMakefile=0
 
+# ##########################################################
+# PROJECT-SPECIFIC FLAGS (customise per library; keep marker)
+#
+# Add project-only options here (e.g. --no-cpp, --stlsoft-root-dir,
+# --no-shwild). The common body below must stay aligned with
+# misc-dev-scripts/shell-scripts/cmake-helpers/prepare_cmake.sh.
+
+
+NO_shwild=0
+STLSoftDirGiven=
+
+# ##########################################################
+# colours
+#
+# Enable when tput is available and either:
+#   - AlwaysUseColours is set (overrides NO_COLOR; may set TERM if
+#     empty/dumb), or
+#   - NO_COLOR is unset, stdout is a TTY, and TERM is not dumb (union of
+#     collect-c's "TERM set + TTY" and cstring's "TTY" — empty TERM on a
+#     TTY is OK).
+
+SisClr_Blue=
+SisClr_Bold=
+SisClr_Green=
+SisClr_None=
+SisClr_Red=
+SisClr_Yellow=
+
+for arg in "$@"; do
+
+  case $arg in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      AlwaysUseColours=1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+if command -v tput >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+
+  if [ $AlwaysUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+    if [ -z "${TERM:-}" ] || [ "$TERM" = "dumb" ]; then
+
+      TERM=xterm-256color
+    fi
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  elif [ -z "${NO_COLOR:-}" ] && [ -t 1 ] && [ "${TERM:-}" != "dumb" ]; then
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ $SisUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  SisClr_Blue=${FG_BLUE:-$(tput setaf 4)}
+  SisClr_Bold=${FD_BOLD:-$(tput bold)}
+  SisClr_Green=${FG_GREEN:-$(tput setaf 2)}
+  SisClr_None=${FD_NONE:-$(tput sgr0)}
+  SisClr_Red=${FG_RED:-$(tput setaf 1)}
+  SisClr_Yellow=${FG_YELLOW:-$(tput setaf 3)}
+fi
+
+CMakeDirClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${CMakeDir}${SisClr_None}"
+ProjectNameClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ProjectName}${SisClr_None}"
+ScriptPathClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ScriptPath}${SisClr_None}"
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 2
+
+sis_cmake_build() {
+
+  local config="${SIS_CMAKE_CONFIG:-Release}"
+  local args=(--build "$CMakeDir")
+  if [ -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ] && grep -q '^CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES:' "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" 2>/dev/null; then
+
+    args+=(--config "$config")
+  fi
+  if [ "$#" -gt 0 ]; then
+
+    local t
+    for t in "$@"; do
+
+      args+=(--target "$t")
+    done
+  fi
+
+  cmake "${args[@]}"
+}
+
 
 # ##########################################################
 # command-line handling
@@ -34,6 +138,14 @@ VerboseMakefile=0
 while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
 
   case $1 in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      # AlwaysUseColours=1 - this is handled by the for loop above
+      ;;
+    --build-shared-libs)
+
+      BuildSharedLibs=1
+      ;;
     --cmake-verbose-makefile|-v)
 
       VerboseMakefile=1
@@ -77,46 +189,49 @@ while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
       cat << EOF
 Creates/reinitialises the CMake build script(s)
 
-$ScriptPath [ ... flags/options ... ]
+${ScriptPath} [ ... flags/options ... ]
 
 Flags/options:
 
     behaviour:
 
+    -A
+    --always-use-colors
+    --always-use-colours
+        forces use of colours even when stdout is not a TTY
+
+    --build-shared-libs
+        builds ${ProjectName} as a shared library (BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON)
+
     -v
     --cmake-verbose-makefile
-        configures CMake to run verbosely (by setting CMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE
-        to be ON)
+        configures CMake to run verbosely (CMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE=ON)
 
     -d
     --debug-configuration
-        use Debug configuration (by setting CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug). Default
-        is to use Release
+        use Debug configuration (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug). Default is Release
 
     -E
     --disable-examples
-        disables building of examples (by setting BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF)
+        disables building of examples (BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF)
 
     -T
     --disable-testing
-        disables building of tests (by setting BUILD_TESTING=OFF). Unless
-        testing is disabled the STLSoft and xTests libraries will be
-        required to be available to CMake
+        disables building of tests (BUILD_TESTING=OFF)
 
     --mingw
-        uses explicitly the "MinGW Makefiles" generator, and defaults the
-        make-command to "mingw32-make.exe"
+        uses explicitly the "MinGW Makefiles" generator
 
     --msvc-mt
-        when using Visual C++ (MSVC), the static runtime library will be
-        selected; the default is the dynamic runtime library
+        when using Visual C++ (MSVC), select the static runtime library
 
     --no-shwild
         prevents recognising shwild library
 
     -m
     --run-make
-        executes make after a successful running of CMake
+        executes a build via cmake --build after a successful configure
+
 
     -s <dir>
     --stlsoft-root-dir <dir>
@@ -124,7 +239,6 @@ Flags/options:
         as the variable STLSOFT, and which will override the environment
         variable STLSOFT (if present)
 
-
     standard flags:
 
     --help
@@ -136,7 +250,7 @@ EOF
       ;;
     *)
 
-      >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: unrecognised argument '$1'; use --help for usage"
+      >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: unrecognised argument '${SisClr_Red}${SisClr_Bold}$1${SisClr_None}'; use --help for usage"
 
       exit 1
       ;;
@@ -149,68 +263,68 @@ done
 # ##########################################################
 # main()
 
-mkdir -p $CMakeDir || exit 1
+mkdir -p "$CMakeDir" || exit 1
 
-cd $CMakeDir
-
-echo "Executing CMake for ${ProjectName} (in ${CMakeDir})"
+echo
+echo "Executing CMake for ${ProjectNameClr} (in ${CMakeDirClr})"
 
+if [ $BuildSharedLibs -eq 0 ]; then CMakeBuildSharedLibsFlag="OFF" ; else CMakeBuildSharedLibsFlag="ON" ; fi
 if [ $ExamplesDisabled -eq 0 ]; then CMakeBuildExamplesFlag="ON" ; else CMakeBuildExamplesFlag="OFF" ; fi
 if [ $MSVC_MT -eq 0 ]; then CMakeMsvcMtFlag="OFF" ; else CMakeMsvcMtFlag="ON" ; fi
 if [ $NO_shwild -eq 0 ]; then CMakeNoShwild="OFF" ; else CMakeNoShwild="ON" ; fi
-if [ -z $STLSoftDirGiven ]; then CMakeSTLSoftVariable="" ; else CMakeSTLSoftVariable="-DSTLSOFT=$STLSoftDirGiven/" ; fi
+if [ -z "$STLSoftDirGiven" ]; then CMakeSTLSoftVariable="" ; else CMakeSTLSoftVariable="-DSTLSOFT=$STLSoftDirGiven/" ; fi
 if [ $TestingDisabled -eq 0 ]; then CMakeBuildTestingFlag="ON" ; else CMakeBuildTestingFlag="OFF" ; fi
 if [ $VerboseMakefile -eq 0 ]; then CMakeVerboseMakefileFlag="OFF" ; else CMakeVerboseMakefileFlag="ON" ; fi
 
+# NOTE: the generator is the *only* thing that may differ between the MinGW
+# and the default paths; every -D option is passed in both cases, so that no
+# flag can be silently ignored according to the generator selected.
+
+CMakeGeneratorArgs=()
+
+if [ -n "${SIS_CMAKE_GENERATOR:-}" ] && [ $MinGW -eq 0 ]; then
+
+  CMakeGeneratorArgs=(-G "$SIS_CMAKE_GENERATOR")
+fi
+
 if [ $MinGW -ne 0 ]; then
 
-  cmake \
-    $CMakeSTLSoftVariable \
-    -DBUILD_EXAMPLES:BOOL=$CMakeBuildExamplesFlag \
-    -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=$CMakeBuildTestingFlag \
-    -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=$Configuration \
-    -DNO_SHWILD:BOOL=$CMakeNoShwild \
-    -DMSVC_USE_MT:BOOL=$CMakeMsvcMtFlag \
-    -G "MinGW Makefiles" \
-    -S $Dir \
-    -B $CMakeDir \
-    || (cd ->/dev/null ; exit 1)
-else
-
-  cmake \
-    $CMakeSTLSoftVariable \
-    -DBUILD_EXAMPLES:BOOL=$CMakeBuildExamplesFlag \
-    -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=$CMakeBuildTestingFlag \
-    -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=$Configuration \
-    -DNO_SHWILD:BOOL=$CMakeNoShwild \
-    -DCMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE:BOOL=$CMakeVerboseMakefileFlag \
-    -DMSVC_USE_MT:BOOL=$CMakeMsvcMtFlag \
-    -S $Dir \
-    -B $CMakeDir \
-    || (cd ->/dev/null ; exit 1)
+  CMakeGeneratorArgs=(-G "MinGW Makefiles")
 fi
 
+cmake \
+  -DBUILD_EXAMPLES:BOOL=$CMakeBuildExamplesFlag \
+  -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS:BOOL=$CMakeBuildSharedLibsFlag \
+  -DBUILD_TESTING:BOOL=$CMakeBuildTestingFlag \
+  -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=$Configuration \
+  -DCMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE:BOOL=$CMakeVerboseMakefileFlag \
+  -DMSVC_USE_MT:BOOL=$CMakeMsvcMtFlag \
+  -DNO_SHWILD:BOOL=$CMakeNoShwild \
+  $CMakeSTLSoftVariable \
+  "${CMakeGeneratorArgs[@]}" \
+  -B "$CMakeDir" \
+  -S "$Dir" \
+  || exit 1
 
 status=0
 
 if [ $RunMake -ne 0 ]; then
 
-  echo "Executing build (via command \`$MakeCmd\`)"
+  echo
+  echo "Executing build of ${ProjectNameClr} (via cmake --build)"
 
-  $MakeCmd
+  sis_cmake_build
   status=$?
 fi
 
-cd ->/dev/null
-
 if [ $VerboseMakefile -ne 0 ]; then
 
-  echo -e "contents of $CMakeDir:"
-  ls -al $CMakeDir
+  echo
+  echo -e "contents of ${CMakeDirClr}:"
+  ls -al "$CMakeDir"
 fi
 
 exit $status
 
 
 # ############################## end of file ############################# #
-
diff --git a/remove_cmake_artefacts.sh b/remove_cmake_artefacts.sh
index e09e895..377d3ab 100755
--- a/remove_cmake_artefacts.sh
+++ b/remove_cmake_artefacts.sh
@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
 #! /bin/bash
 
-ScriptPath=$0
-Dir=$(cd $(dirname "$ScriptPath"); pwd)
-Basename=$(basename "$ScriptPath")
+# ##########################################################
+# constants and variables
+
+Basename=$(basename "$0")
+Dir=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)
 CMakeDir=${SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR:-$Dir/_build}
 ProjectNameFile="$Dir/.sis/project_name.txt"
 ProjectName=$(tr -d '[:space:]' < "$ProjectNameFile")
+ScriptPath=$0
 
+AlwaysUseColours=${SIS_CMAKE_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-${SIS_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-0}}
 Directories=(
   CMakeFiles
   Testing
@@ -24,14 +28,73 @@ Files=(
   cmake_install.cmake
   install_manifest.txt
 )
+SisUseColours=0
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# colours
+#
+# Enable when tput is available and either:
+#   - AlwaysUseColours is set (overrides NO_COLOR; may set TERM if
+#     empty/dumb), or
+#   - NO_COLOR is unset, stdout is a TTY, and TERM is not dumb (union of
+#     collect-c's "TERM set + TTY" and cstring's "TTY" — empty TERM on a
+#     TTY is OK).
+
+SisClr_Blue=
+SisClr_Bold=
+SisClr_Green=
+SisClr_None=
+SisClr_Red=
+SisClr_Yellow=
+
+for arg in "$@"; do
+
+  case $arg in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      AlwaysUseColours=1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+if command -v tput >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+
+  if [ $AlwaysUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+    if [ -z "${TERM:-}" ] || [ "$TERM" = "dumb" ]; then
+
+      TERM=xterm-256color
+    fi
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  elif [ -z "${NO_COLOR:-}" ] && [ -t 1 ] && [ "${TERM:-}" != "dumb" ]; then
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ $SisUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  SisClr_Blue=${FG_BLUE:-$(tput setaf 4)}
+  SisClr_Bold=${FD_BOLD:-$(tput bold)}
+  SisClr_Green=${FG_GREEN:-$(tput setaf 2)}
+  SisClr_None=${FD_NONE:-$(tput sgr0)}
+  SisClr_Red=${FG_RED:-$(tput setaf 1)}
+  SisClr_Yellow=${FG_YELLOW:-$(tput setaf 3)}
+fi
+
+CMakeDirClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${CMakeDir}${SisClr_None}"
+ProjectNameClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ProjectName}${SisClr_None}"
+ScriptPathClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ScriptPath}${SisClr_None}"
 
 
 # ##########################################################
 # operating environment detection
 
-OsName="$(uname -s)"
+OsName="$(uname -s 2>/dev/null || echo Unknown)"
 case "${OsName}" in
-  CYGWIN*|MINGW*|MSYS_NT*)
+  CYGWIN*|MINGW*|MSYS_NT*|Windows_NT)
 
     Directories+=(
       ARM64
@@ -43,9 +106,6 @@ case "${OsName}" in
       "*.sln"
       "*.vcxproj"
     )
-    ;;
-  *)
-
     ;;
 esac
 
@@ -56,18 +116,27 @@ esac
 while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
 
   case $1 in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      # AlwaysUseColours=1 - this is handled by the for loop above
+      ;;
     --help)
 
       [ -f "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt" ] && cat "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt"
       cat << EOF
 Removes all known CMake artefacts
 
-$ScriptPath [ ... flags/options ... ]
+${ScriptPath} [ ... flags/options ... ]
 
 Flags/options:
 
     behaviour:
 
+    -A
+    --always-use-colors
+    --always-use-colours
+        forces use of colours even when stdout is not a TTY
+
 
     standard flags:
 
@@ -80,7 +149,7 @@ EOF
       ;;
     *)
 
-      >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: unrecognised argument '$1'; use --help for usage"
+      >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: unrecognised argument '${SisClr_Red}${SisClr_Bold}$1${SisClr_None}'; use --help for usage"
 
       exit 1
       ;;
@@ -95,59 +164,50 @@ done
 
 if [ ! -d "$CMakeDir" ]; then
 
-  echo "$ScriptPath: CMake build directory '$CMakeDir' not found so nothing to do; use script 'prepare_cmake.sh' if you wish to prepare CMake artefacts"
+  echo "${ScriptPathClr}: CMake build directory '${CMakeDirClr}' not found so nothing to do; use script 'prepare_cmake.sh' if you wish to prepare CMake artefacts"
 
   exit 0
-else
-
-  echo "Removing all ${ProjectName} cmake artefacts in '$CMakeDir'"
+fi
 
-  num_dirs_removed=0
-  num_files_removed=0
+echo "Removing all ${ProjectNameClr} cmake artefacts in '${CMakeDirClr}'"
 
-  for d in ${Directories[@]}
-  do
+num_dirs_removed=0
+num_files_removed=0
 
-    fq_dir_path="$CMakeDir/$d"
+for d in "${Directories[@]}"; do
 
-    [ -d "$fq_dir_path" ] || continue
+  fq_dir_path="$CMakeDir/$d"
 
-    echo "removing directory '$d'"
+  [ -d "$fq_dir_path" ] || continue
 
-    rm -dfr "$fq_dir_path"
+  echo "removing directory '$d'"
 
-    num_dirs_removed=$((num_dirs_removed+1))
-  done
+  rm -dfr "$fq_dir_path"
 
-  cd "$CMakeDir"
+  num_dirs_removed=$((num_dirs_removed+1))
+done
 
-  for f in ${Files[@]}
-  do
+for f in "${Files[@]}"; do
 
-    for fq_file_path in $f
-    do
+  for fq_file_path in "$CMakeDir"/$f; do
 
-      [ -f "$fq_file_path" ] || continue
+    [ -f "$fq_file_path" ] || continue
 
-      echo "removing file '$fq_file_path'"
+    echo "removing file '$fq_file_path'"
 
-      rm -f "$fq_file_path"
+    rm -f "$fq_file_path"
 
-      num_files_removed=$((num_files_removed+1))
-    done
+    num_files_removed=$((num_files_removed+1))
   done
+done
 
-  cd ->/dev/null
-
-  if [ 0 -eq $num_dirs_removed ] && [ 0 -eq $num_files_removed ]; then
+if [ 0 -eq $num_dirs_removed ] && [ 0 -eq $num_files_removed ]; then
 
-    echo "nothing to do"
-  else
+  echo "nothing to do"
+else
 
-    echo "removed $num_dirs_removed directories and $num_files_removed files"
-  fi
+  echo "removed $num_dirs_removed directories and $num_files_removed files"
 fi
 
 
 # ############################## end of file ############################# #
-
diff --git a/run_all_automated_tests.cmd b/run_all_automated_tests.cmd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6dd937
--- /dev/null
+++ b/run_all_automated_tests.cmd
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+@echo off
+
+SETLOCAL
+
+SET SCRIPT_DIRECTORY=%~dp0
+SET SCRIPT_PATH_DOC=%~n0[%~x0]
+
+SET UnitOnly=0
+SET ComponentOnly=0
+
+FOR %%a IN (%*) DO (
+
+	IF /I {--help}=={%%a} (
+
+		IF EXIST "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\script_info_lines.txt" (
+
+					type "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\script_info_lines.txt"
+		)
+		ECHO ^
+
+Runs all ^(matching^) automated test programs ^(unit and component^) ^
+
+^
+
+%SCRIPT_PATH_DOC% [ ... flags/options ... ] ^
+
+^
+
+Flags/options: ^
+
+    behaviour: ^
+
+^
+
+    --unit-only ^
+
+        runs only unit-test programs ^
+
+^
+
+    --component-only ^
+
+        runs only component-test programs ^
+
+^
+
+    standard flags: ^
+
+^
+
+        --help ^
+
+            displays this help and terminates ^
+
+
+		EXIT /B 0
+	) ELSE IF /I {--unit-only}=={%%a} (
+
+		SET UnitOnly=1
+	) ELSE IF /I {--component-only}=={%%a} (
+
+		SET ComponentOnly=1
+	) ELSE (
+
+		ECHO "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%: unrecognised argument '%%a'; use --help for usage" 1>&2
+
+		EXIT /B 1
+	)
+)
+
+IF %UnitOnly% NEQ 0 IF %ComponentOnly% NEQ 0 (
+
+	ECHO %SCRIPT_PATH_DOC%: --unit-only and --component-only are mutually exclusive 1>&2
+
+	EXIT /B 1
+)
+
+IF %UnitOnly% NEQ 0 (
+	CALL "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%run_all_unit_tests.cmd"
+	EXIT /B %ERRORLEVEL%
+)
+
+IF %ComponentOnly% NEQ 0 (
+	CALL "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%run_all_component_tests.cmd"
+	EXIT /B %ERRORLEVEL%
+)
+
+SET "ProjectName="
+FOR /F "usebackq delims=" %%p IN ("%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\project_name.txt") DO SET "ProjectName=%%p"
+
+IF NOT DEFINED ProjectName (
+
+    ECHO %SCRIPT_PATH_DOC%: could not read project name from .sis\project_name.txt 1>&2
+
+    EXIT /B 1
+)
+
+ECHO Running all %ProjectName% automated test programs ^(unit and component^)
+
+CALL "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%run_all_unit_tests.cmd"
+IF ERRORLEVEL 1 EXIT /B %ERRORLEVEL%
+
+CALL "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%run_all_component_tests.cmd"
+EXIT /B %ERRORLEVEL%
+
+ENDLOCAL
diff --git a/run_all_automated_tests.sh b/run_all_automated_tests.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..2c13b16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/run_all_automated_tests.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+# ##########################################################
+# constants and variables
+
+Basename=$(basename "$0")
+Dir=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)
+CMakeDir=${SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR:-$Dir/_build}
+ProjectNameFile="$Dir/.sis/project_name.txt"
+ProjectName=$(tr -d '[:space:]' < "$ProjectNameFile")
+ScriptPath=$0
+
+AlwaysUseColours=${SIS_CMAKE_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-${SIS_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-0}}
+ComponentOnly=0
+ForwardedArgs=()
+SisUseColours=0
+UnitOnly=0
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# colours
+#
+# Enable when tput is available and either:
+#   - AlwaysUseColours is set (overrides NO_COLOR; may set TERM if
+#     empty/dumb), or
+#   - NO_COLOR is unset, stdout is a TTY, and TERM is not dumb (union of
+#     collect-c's "TERM set + TTY" and cstring's "TTY" — empty TERM on a
+#     TTY is OK).
+
+SisClr_Blue=
+SisClr_Bold=
+SisClr_Green=
+SisClr_None=
+SisClr_Red=
+SisClr_Yellow=
+
+for arg in "$@"; do
+
+  case $arg in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      AlwaysUseColours=1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+if command -v tput >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+
+  if [ $AlwaysUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+    if [ -z "${TERM:-}" ] || [ "$TERM" = "dumb" ]; then
+
+      TERM=xterm-256color
+    fi
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  elif [ -z "${NO_COLOR:-}" ] && [ -t 1 ] && [ "${TERM:-}" != "dumb" ]; then
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ $SisUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  SisClr_Blue=${FG_BLUE:-$(tput setaf 4)}
+  SisClr_Bold=${FD_BOLD:-$(tput bold)}
+  SisClr_Green=${FG_GREEN:-$(tput setaf 2)}
+  SisClr_None=${FD_NONE:-$(tput sgr0)}
+  SisClr_Red=${FG_RED:-$(tput setaf 1)}
+  SisClr_Yellow=${FG_YELLOW:-$(tput setaf 3)}
+fi
+
+ProjectNameClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ProjectName}${SisClr_None}"
+ScriptPathClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ScriptPath}${SisClr_None}"
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# command-line handling
+
+while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+
+  case $1 in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      # AlwaysUseColours=1 - handled above; forward so category runners see it
+      ForwardedArgs+=("$1")
+      ;;
+    --unit-only)
+
+      UnitOnly=1
+      ;;
+    --component-only)
+
+      ComponentOnly=1
+      ;;
+    --help)
+
+      [ -f "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt" ] && cat "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt"
+      cat << EOF
+Runs all (matching) automated test programs (unit and component)
+
+${ScriptPath} [ ... flags/options ... ]
+
+Flags/options:
+
+    behaviour:
+
+    -A
+    --always-use-colors
+    --always-use-colours
+        forces use of colours even when stdout is not a TTY
+
+    --component-only
+        runs only component-test programs
+
+    --unit-only
+        runs only unit-test programs
+
+    (all other flags are forwarded to the category runner script)
+
+
+    standard flags:
+
+    --help
+        displays this help and terminates
+
+EOF
+
+      exit 0
+      ;;
+    *)
+
+      ForwardedArgs+=("$1")
+      ;;
+  esac
+
+  shift
+done
+
+if [ $UnitOnly -ne 0 ] && [ $ComponentOnly -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: ${SisClr_Red}${SisClr_Bold}--unit-only${SisClr_None} and ${SisClr_Red}${SisClr_Bold}--component-only${SisClr_None} are mutually exclusive"
+
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# main()
+
+status=0
+
+if [ $UnitOnly -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  "$Dir/run_all_unit_tests.sh" "${ForwardedArgs[@]}"
+  exit $?
+fi
+
+if [ $ComponentOnly -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  "$Dir/run_all_component_tests.sh" "${ForwardedArgs[@]}"
+  exit $?
+fi
+
+echo
+echo "Running all ${ProjectNameClr} automated test programs (unit and component)"
+
+"$Dir/run_all_unit_tests.sh" "${ForwardedArgs[@]}"
+status=$?
+
+if [ $status -eq 0 ]; then
+
+  "$Dir/run_all_component_tests.sh" "${ForwardedArgs[@]}"
+  status=$?
+fi
+
+exit $status
+
+
+# ############################## end of file ############################# #
diff --git a/run_all_component_tests.cmd b/run_all_component_tests.cmd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..970c9ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/run_all_component_tests.cmd
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+@echo off
+
+SETLOCAL
+
+SET SCRIPT_DIRECTORY=%~dp0
+SET SCRIPT_PATH_DOC=%~n0[%~x0]
+
+IF DEFINED SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR (
+
+    SET CMAKE_DIR=%SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR%
+) ELSE (
+
+    SET CMAKE_DIR=%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%_build
+)
+
+FOR %%a IN (%*) DO (
+
+	IF /I {--help}=={%%a} (
+
+		IF EXIST "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\script_info_lines.txt" (
+
+					type "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\script_info_lines.txt"
+		)
+		ECHO ^
+
+Runs all ^(matching^) component-test programs ^
+
+^
+
+%SCRIPT_PATH_DOC% [ ... flags/options ... ] ^
+
+^
+
+Flags/options: ^
+
+    behaviour: ^
+
+^
+
+    --component-only ^
+
+        accepted for compatibility; this script always runs component tests only ^
+
+^
+
+    standard flags: ^
+
+^
+
+        --help ^
+
+            displays this help and terminates ^
+
+
+		EXIT /B 0
+	) ELSE IF /I {--component-only}=={%%a} (
+
+		REM Benign: this script is already component-only
+	) ELSE (
+
+		ECHO "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%: unrecognised argument '%%a'; use --help for usage" 1>&2
+
+		EXIT /B 1
+	)
+)
+
+if NOT EXIST "%CMAKE_DIR%" (
+
+    ECHO "CMake build directory '%CMAKE_DIR%' does not exist"
+
+    EXIT /B 1
+)
+
+SET "ProjectName="
+FOR /F "usebackq delims=" %%p IN ("%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\project_name.txt") DO SET "ProjectName=%%p"
+
+IF NOT DEFINED ProjectName (
+
+    ECHO %SCRIPT_PATH_DOC%: could not read project name from .sis\project_name.txt 1>&2
+
+    EXIT /B 1
+)
+
+ECHO Running all %ProjectName% component-test programs
+
+FOR /F "usebackq" %%f IN (`DIR /A:-D /B /S "%CMAKE_DIR%" ^| FINDSTR /I test.*component.*\.exe$`) DO (
+
+	ECHO .
+	ECHO executing %%f
+	%%f
+	IF ERRORLEVEL 1 EXIT /B %ERRORLEVEL%
+)
+
+ENDLOCAL
diff --git a/run_all_component_tests.sh b/run_all_component_tests.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c0bd27e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/run_all_component_tests.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 1
+
+sis_cmake_is_truey() {
+  case "$(printf '%s' "${1:-}" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')" in
+
+    1|ok|on|true|yes|y)
+
+      return 0
+    ;;
+    *)
+
+      return 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# constants and variables
+
+Basename=$(basename "$0")
+Dir=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)
+CMakeDir=${SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR:-$Dir/_build}
+ProjectNameFile="$Dir/.sis/project_name.txt"
+ProjectName=$(tr -d '[:space:]' < "$ProjectNameFile")
+ScriptPath=$0
+
+AlwaysUseColours=${SIS_CMAKE_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-${SIS_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-0}}
+ListOnly=0
+RunMake=1
+SisUseColours=0
+Verbosity=${XTESTS_VERBOSITY:-${TEST_VERBOSITY:-3}}
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# colours
+#
+# Enable when tput is available and either:
+#   - AlwaysUseColours is set (overrides NO_COLOR; may set TERM if
+#     empty/dumb), or
+#   - NO_COLOR is unset, stdout is a TTY, and TERM is not dumb (union of
+#     collect-c's "TERM set + TTY" and cstring's "TTY" — empty TERM on a
+#     TTY is OK).
+
+SisClr_Blue=
+SisClr_Bold=
+SisClr_Green=
+SisClr_None=
+SisClr_Red=
+SisClr_Yellow=
+
+for arg in "$@"; do
+
+  case $arg in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      AlwaysUseColours=1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+if command -v tput >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+
+  if [ $AlwaysUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+    if [ -z "${TERM:-}" ] || [ "$TERM" = "dumb" ]; then
+
+      TERM=xterm-256color
+    fi
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  elif [ -z "${NO_COLOR:-}" ] && [ -t 1 ] && [ "${TERM:-}" != "dumb" ]; then
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ $SisUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  SisClr_Blue=${FG_BLUE:-$(tput setaf 4)}
+  SisClr_Bold=${FD_BOLD:-$(tput bold)}
+  SisClr_Green=${FG_GREEN:-$(tput setaf 2)}
+  SisClr_None=${FD_NONE:-$(tput sgr0)}
+  SisClr_Red=${FG_RED:-$(tput setaf 1)}
+  SisClr_Yellow=${FG_YELLOW:-$(tput setaf 3)}
+fi
+
+CMakeDirClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${CMakeDir}${SisClr_None}"
+ProjectNameClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ProjectName}${SisClr_None}"
+ScriptPathClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ScriptPath}${SisClr_None}"
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 2
+
+sis_cmake_build() {
+
+  local config="${SIS_CMAKE_CONFIG:-Release}"
+  local args=(--build "$CMakeDir")
+  if [ -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ] && grep -q '^CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES:' "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" 2>/dev/null; then
+
+    args+=(--config "$config")
+  fi
+  if [ "$#" -gt 0 ]; then
+
+    local t
+    for t in "$@"; do
+
+      args+=(--target "$t")
+    done
+  fi
+
+  cmake "${args[@]}"
+}
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# command-line handling
+
+while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+
+  case $1 in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      # AlwaysUseColours=1 - this is handled by the for loop above
+      ;;
+    --component-only)
+
+      # Benign: this script is already component-only (aggregate / CI may
+      # pass it)
+      ;;
+    --list-only|-l)
+
+      ListOnly=1
+      ;;
+    --no-make|-M)
+
+      RunMake=0
+      ;;
+    --verbosity)
+
+      shift
+      Verbosity=$1
+      ;;
+    --help)
+
+      [ -f "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt" ] && cat "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt"
+      cat << EOF
+Runs all (matching) component-test programs
+
+${ScriptPath} [ ... flags/options ... ]
+
+Flags/options:
+
+    behaviour:
+
+    -A
+    --always-use-colors
+    --always-use-colours
+        forces use of colours even when stdout is not a TTY
+
+    --component-only
+        accepted for compatibility; this script always runs component tests
+        only
+
+    -l
+    --list-only
+        lists the target programs but does not execute them
+
+    -M
+    --no-make
+        does not execute a build before running programs
+
+    --verbosity <verbosity>
+        specifies an explicit verbosity, forwarded to each program
+
+
+    standard flags:
+
+    --help
+        displays this help and terminates
+
+EOF
+
+      exit 0
+      ;;
+    *)
+
+      >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: unrecognised argument '${SisClr_Red}${SisClr_Bold}$1${SisClr_None}'; use --help for usage"
+
+      exit 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+
+  shift
+done
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# main()
+
+status=0
+
+if [ $RunMake -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  if [ $ListOnly -eq 0 ]; then
+
+    echo
+    echo "Executing build of ${ProjectNameClr} (via cmake --build) and then running all component-test programs"
+
+    mkdir -p "$CMakeDir" || exit 1
+
+    if [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ]; then
+
+      >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: '${CMakeDirClr}' is not configured; use prepare_cmake.sh first"
+
+      exit 1
+    fi
+
+    sis_cmake_build
+    status=$?
+  fi
+else
+
+  if [ ! -d "$CMakeDir" ] || [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ]; then
+
+    >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: cannot run in '--no-make' mode without a previous successful configure/build"
+
+    exit 1
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ $status -eq 0 ]; then
+
+  if [ $ListOnly -ne 0 ]; then
+
+    echo
+    echo "Listing all ${ProjectNameClr} component-test programs"
+  else
+
+    echo
+    echo "Running all ${ProjectNameClr} component-test programs"
+  fi
+
+  NumPrograms=0
+
+  while IFS= read -r -d '' f; do
+
+    case "$f" in
+      *.pdb|*.ilk|*.log|*.obj|*.o)
+        continue
+        ;;
+    esac
+
+    NumPrograms=$((NumPrograms + 1))
+
+    fClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${f}${SisClr_None}"
+
+    if [ $ListOnly -ne 0 ]; then
+
+      echo "would execute ${fClr}:"
+
+      continue
+    fi
+
+    if [ $Verbosity -ge 3 ]; then
+
+      echo
+    fi
+    if [ $Verbosity -ge 2 ]; then
+
+      echo "executing ${fClr}:"
+    fi
+
+    if "$f" --verbosity="$Verbosity"; then
+
+      :
+    else
+
+      status=$?
+
+      break 1
+    fi
+  done < <(find "$CMakeDir" -type f \( -name 'test_component*' -o -name 'test.component.*' \) \( -perm -100 -o -name '*.exe' \) -print0 2>/dev/null | sort -z)
+
+  if [ $NumPrograms -eq 0 ]; then
+
+    echo "${ScriptPathClr}: found no component-test programs under '${CMakeDirClr}' (none found)"
+
+    exit 0
+  fi
+fi
+
+exit $status
+
+
+# ############################## end of file ############################# #
diff --git a/run_all_examples.cmd b/run_all_examples.cmd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b10e3d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/run_all_examples.cmd
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+@echo off
+
+SETLOCAL
+
+SET SCRIPT_DIRECTORY=%~dp0
+SET SCRIPT_PATH_DOC=%~n0[%~x0]
+SET "ALLOWED_TO_FAIL_FILE=%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\ci_examples_allowed_to_fail.txt"
+SET "PROGRAM_STATUS=0"
+
+IF DEFINED SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR (
+
+    SET CMAKE_DIR=%SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR%
+) ELSE (
+
+    SET CMAKE_DIR=%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%_build
+)
+
+FOR %%a IN (%*) DO (
+
+	IF /I {--help}=={%%a} (
+
+		IF EXIST "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\script_info_lines.txt" (
+
+					type "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\script_info_lines.txt"
+		)
+		ECHO ^
+
+Runs all ^(matching^) example programs ^
+
+^
+
+%SCRIPT_PATH_DOC% [ ... flags/options ... ] ^
+
+^
+
+Flags/options: ^
+
+    behaviour: ^
+
+^
+
+    standard flags: ^
+
+^
+
+        --help ^
+
+            displays this help and terminates ^
+
+^
+
+    files: ^
+
+^
+
+        .sis\ci_examples_allowed_to_fail.txt ^
+
+            optional list of example programs ^(one name per line; ^
+
+            lines beginning with '#' are ignored^) that are allowed to fail; ^
+
+            such a program is still executed, but a non-zero exit is ^
+
+            reported as anticipated and does not stop the run ^
+
+
+		EXIT /B 0
+	) ELSE (
+
+		ECHO "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%: unrecognised argument '%%a'; use --help for usage" 1>&2
+
+		EXIT /B 1
+	)
+)
+
+if NOT EXIST "%CMAKE_DIR%" (
+
+    ECHO "CMake build directory '%CMAKE_DIR%' does not exist"
+
+    EXIT /B 1
+)
+
+SET "ProjectName="
+FOR /F "usebackq delims=" %%p IN ("%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\project_name.txt") DO SET "ProjectName=%%p"
+
+IF NOT DEFINED ProjectName (
+
+    ECHO %SCRIPT_PATH_DOC%: could not read project name from .sis\project_name.txt 1>&2
+
+    EXIT /B 1
+)
+
+REM Examples that require human input may honour SIS_EXAMPLE_SMOKE for a
+REM no-arg built-in tmpfile demo (see example.c.cstring_vector).
+SET SIS_EXAMPLE_SMOKE=1
+
+ECHO Running all %ProjectName% example programs
+
+FOR /F "usebackq" %%f IN (`DIR /A:-D /B /S "%CMAKE_DIR%" ^| FINDSTR /I example.*\.exe$`) DO CALL :run_program "%%f"
+
+ENDLOCAL & EXIT /B %PROGRAM_STATUS%
+
+
+REM ##########################################################
+REM subroutines
+
+:run_program
+IF %PROGRAM_STATUS% NEQ 0 EXIT /B 0
+ECHO .
+ECHO executing %~1
+"%~1"
+SET "FAILURE_STATUS=%ERRORLEVEL%"
+IF %FAILURE_STATUS% EQU 0 EXIT /B 0
+CALL :is_allowed_to_fail "%~1"
+IF NOT DEFINED ALLOWED_TO_FAIL GOTO run_program_failed
+ECHO anticipated failure: %~1 exited with status %FAILURE_STATUS%; it is listed in .sis\ci_examples_allowed_to_fail.txt
+EXIT /B 0
+:run_program_failed
+SET "PROGRAM_STATUS=%FAILURE_STATUS%"
+EXIT /B 0
+
+:is_allowed_to_fail
+SET "ALLOWED_TO_FAIL="
+IF NOT EXIST "%ALLOWED_TO_FAIL_FILE%" EXIT /B 0
+FOR /F "usebackq eol=# tokens=1" %%n IN ("%ALLOWED_TO_FAIL_FILE%") DO CALL :match_allowed "%%n" "%~n1" "%~nx1"
+EXIT /B 0
+
+:match_allowed
+IF /I "%~1"=="%~2" SET "ALLOWED_TO_FAIL=1"
+IF /I "%~1"=="%~3" SET "ALLOWED_TO_FAIL=1"
+EXIT /B 0
diff --git a/run_all_examples.sh b/run_all_examples.sh
index 27ab112..722326a 100755
--- a/run_all_examples.sh
+++ b/run_all_examples.sh
@@ -1,16 +1,163 @@
 #! /bin/bash
 
-ScriptPath=$0
-Dir=$(cd $(dirname "$ScriptPath"); pwd)
-Basename=$(basename "$ScriptPath")
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 1
+
+sis_cmake_is_truey() {
+  case "$(printf '%s' "${1:-}" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')" in
+
+    1|ok|on|true|yes|y)
+
+      return 0
+    ;;
+    *)
+
+      return 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# constants and variables
+
+Basename=$(basename "$0")
+Dir=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)
 CMakeDir=${SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR:-$Dir/_build}
-[[ -n "$MSYSTEM" ]] && DefaultMakeCmd=mingw32-make.exe || DefaultMakeCmd=make
-MakeCmd=${SIS_CMAKE_MAKE_COMMAND:-${SIS_CMAKE_COMMAND:-$DefaultMakeCmd}}
 ProjectNameFile="$Dir/.sis/project_name.txt"
 ProjectName=$(tr -d '[:space:]' < "$ProjectNameFile")
+ScriptPath=$0
+AllowedToFailFile="$Dir/.sis/ci_examples_allowed_to_fail.txt"
 
+AlwaysUseColours=${SIS_CMAKE_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-${SIS_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-0}}
 ListOnly=0
 RunMake=1
+SisUseColours=0
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# colours
+#
+# Enable when tput is available and either:
+#   - AlwaysUseColours is set (overrides NO_COLOR; may set TERM if
+#     empty/dumb), or
+#   - NO_COLOR is unset, stdout is a TTY, and TERM is not dumb (union of
+#     collect-c's "TERM set + TTY" and cstring's "TTY" — empty TERM on a
+#     TTY is OK).
+
+SisClr_Blue=
+SisClr_Bold=
+SisClr_Green=
+SisClr_None=
+SisClr_Red=
+SisClr_Yellow=
+
+for arg in "$@"; do
+
+  case $arg in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      AlwaysUseColours=1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+if command -v tput >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+
+  if [ $AlwaysUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+    if [ -z "${TERM:-}" ] || [ "$TERM" = "dumb" ]; then
+
+      TERM=xterm-256color
+    fi
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  elif [ -z "${NO_COLOR:-}" ] && [ -t 1 ] && [ "${TERM:-}" != "dumb" ]; then
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ $SisUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  SisClr_Blue=${FG_BLUE:-$(tput setaf 4)}
+  SisClr_Bold=${FD_BOLD:-$(tput bold)}
+  SisClr_Green=${FG_GREEN:-$(tput setaf 2)}
+  SisClr_None=${FD_NONE:-$(tput sgr0)}
+  SisClr_Red=${FG_RED:-$(tput setaf 1)}
+  SisClr_Yellow=${FG_YELLOW:-$(tput setaf 3)}
+fi
+
+CMakeDirClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${CMakeDir}${SisClr_None}"
+ProjectNameClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ProjectName}${SisClr_None}"
+ScriptPathClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ScriptPath}${SisClr_None}"
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 2
+
+sis_cmake_build() {
+
+  local config="${SIS_CMAKE_CONFIG:-Release}"
+  local args=(--build "$CMakeDir")
+  if [ -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ] && grep -q '^CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES:' "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" 2>/dev/null; then
+
+    args+=(--config "$config")
+  fi
+  if [ "$#" -gt 0 ]; then
+
+    local t
+    for t in "$@"; do
+
+      args+=(--target "$t")
+    done
+  fi
+
+  cmake "${args[@]}"
+}
+
+# Reduces a program path to its (lowercase) name, without any directory or
+# .exe suffix.
+sis_program_stem() {
+
+  local p="${1//\\//}"
+
+  p="${p##*/}"
+
+  case "$p" in
+    *.exe|*.EXE) p="${p%.*}" ;;
+  esac
+
+  printf '%s' "$p" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]'
+}
+
+# Succeeds if the program is named (by name or stem, case-insensitively) in
+# the optional .sis/ci_examples_allowed_to_fail.txt file; blank lines and
+# lines beginning with '#' are ignored.
+sis_is_allowed_to_fail() {
+
+  local name line
+
+  [ -f "$AllowedToFailFile" ] || return 1
+
+  name=$(sis_program_stem "$1")
+
+  while IFS= read -r line || [ -n "$line" ]; do
+
+    line="${line//$'\r'/}"
+
+    case "$line" in
+      ''|\#*) continue ;;
+    esac
+
+    if [ "$name" = "$(sis_program_stem "$line")" ]; then
+
+      return 0
+    fi
+  done < "$AllowedToFailFile"
+
+  return 1
+}
 
 
 # ##########################################################
@@ -19,6 +166,10 @@ RunMake=1
 while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
 
   case $1 in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      # AlwaysUseColours=1 - this is handled by the for loop above
+      ;;
     --list-only|-l)
 
       ListOnly=1
@@ -31,21 +182,35 @@ while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
 
       [ -f "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt" ] && cat "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt"
       cat << EOF
-Runs all example programs
+Runs all (matching) example programs
 
-$ScriptPath [ ... flags/options ... ]
+${ScriptPath} [ ... flags/options ... ]
 
 Flags/options:
 
     behaviour:
 
+    -A
+    --always-use-colors
+    --always-use-colours
+        forces use of colours even when stdout is not a TTY
+
     -l
     --list-only
         lists the target programs but does not execute them
 
     -M
     --no-make
-        does not execute CMake and make before running tests
+        does not execute a build before running programs
+
+
+    files:
+
+    .sis/ci_examples_allowed_to_fail.txt
+        optional list of example programs (one name per line; blank lines
+        and lines beginning with '#' are ignored) that are allowed to fail;
+        such a program is still executed, but a non-zero exit is reported as
+        anticipated and neither stops the run nor affects the exit status
 
 
     standard flags:
@@ -59,7 +224,7 @@ EOF
       ;;
     *)
 
-      >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: unrecognised argument '$1'; use --help for usage"
+      >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: unrecognised argument '${SisClr_Red}${SisClr_Bold}$1${SisClr_None}'; use --help for usage"
 
       exit 1
       ;;
@@ -78,22 +243,28 @@ if [ $RunMake -ne 0 ]; then
 
   if [ $ListOnly -eq 0 ]; then
 
-    echo "Executing build of ${ProjectName} (via command \`$MakeCmd\`) and then running all example programs"
+    echo
+    echo "Executing build of ${ProjectNameClr} (via cmake --build) and then running all example programs"
 
-    mkdir -p $CMakeDir || exit 1
+    mkdir -p "$CMakeDir" || exit 1
 
-    cd $CMakeDir
+    if [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ]; then
 
-    $MakeCmd
-    status=$?
+      >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: '${CMakeDirClr}' is not configured; use prepare_cmake.sh first"
+
+      exit 1
+    fi
 
-    cd ->/dev/null
+    sis_cmake_build
+    status=$?
   fi
 else
 
-  if [ ! -d "$CMakeDir" ] || [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ] || [ ! -d "$CMakeDir/CMakeFiles" ]; then
+  if [ ! -d "$CMakeDir" ] || [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ]; then
+
+    >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: cannot run in '--no-make' mode without a previous successful configure/build"
 
-    >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: cannot run in '--no-make' mode without a previous successful build step"
+    exit 1
   fi
 fi
 
@@ -101,29 +272,73 @@ if [ $status -eq 0 ]; then
 
   if [ $ListOnly -ne 0 ]; then
 
-    echo "Listing all ${ProjectName} example programs"
+    echo
+    echo "Listing all ${ProjectNameClr} example programs"
   else
 
-    echo "Running all ${ProjectName} example programs"
+    echo
+    echo "Running all ${ProjectNameClr} example programs"
   fi
 
-  if [ -d "$CMakeDir/examples" ]; then
+  # Examples that require human input may honour SIS_EXAMPLE_SMOKE for a
+  # no-arg built-in tmpfile demo (see example.c.cstring_vector).
+  export SIS_EXAMPLE_SMOKE=1
+
+  NumPrograms=0
+
+  while IFS= read -r -d '' f; do
+
+    case "$f" in
+      *.pdb|*.ilk|*.log|*.obj|*.o)
+        continue
+        ;;
+    esac
+
+    NumPrograms=$((NumPrograms + 1))
+
+    fClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${f}${SisClr_None}"
+
+    if [ $ListOnly -ne 0 ]; then
+
+      if sis_is_allowed_to_fail "$f"; then
+
+        echo "would execute ${fClr} (allowed to fail):"
+      else
 
-    for f in $(find "$CMakeDir/examples" -type f -exec test -x {} \; -print | sort)
-    do
+        echo "would execute ${fClr}:"
+      fi
+
+      continue
+    fi
+
+    echo
+    echo "executing ${fClr}:"
+
+    if "$f"; then
+
+      :
+    else
+
+      fStatus=$?
 
-      if [ $ListOnly -ne 0 ]; then
+      if sis_is_allowed_to_fail "$f"; then
 
-        echo "would execute $f:"
+        echo "${SisClr_Yellow}${SisClr_Bold}anticipated failure${SisClr_None}: ${fClr} exited with status ${fStatus}; it is listed in .sis/ci_examples_allowed_to_fail.txt"
 
         continue
       fi
 
-      echo
-      echo "executing $f:"
+      status=$fStatus
 
-      $f
-    done
+      break 1
+    fi
+  done < <(find "$CMakeDir" -type f \( -name 'example*' ! -name '*.md' \) \( -perm -100 -o -name '*.exe' \) -print0 2>/dev/null | sort -z)
+
+  if [ $NumPrograms -eq 0 ]; then
+
+    echo "${ScriptPathClr}: found no example programs under '${CMakeDirClr}' (none found)"
+
+    exit 0
   fi
 fi
 
@@ -131,4 +346,3 @@ exit $status
 
 
 # ############################## end of file ############################# #
-
diff --git a/run_all_performance_tests.cmd b/run_all_performance_tests.cmd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae97766
--- /dev/null
+++ b/run_all_performance_tests.cmd
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+@echo off
+
+SETLOCAL
+
+SET SCRIPT_DIRECTORY=%~dp0
+SET SCRIPT_PATH_DOC=%~n0[%~x0]
+
+IF DEFINED SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR (
+
+    SET CMAKE_DIR=%SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR%
+) ELSE (
+
+    SET CMAKE_DIR=%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%_build
+)
+
+FOR %%a IN (%*) DO (
+
+	IF /I {--help}=={%%a} (
+
+		IF EXIST "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\script_info_lines.txt" (
+
+					type "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\script_info_lines.txt"
+		)
+		ECHO ^
+
+Runs all ^(matching^) performance-test programs ^
+
+^
+
+%SCRIPT_PATH_DOC% [ ... flags/options ... ] ^
+
+^
+
+Flags/options: ^
+
+    behaviour: ^
+
+^
+
+    standard flags: ^
+
+^
+
+        --help ^
+
+            displays this help and terminates ^
+
+
+		EXIT /B 0
+	) ELSE (
+
+		ECHO "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%: unrecognised argument '%%a'; use --help for usage" 1>&2
+
+		EXIT /B 1
+	)
+)
+
+if NOT EXIST "%CMAKE_DIR%" (
+
+    ECHO "CMake build directory '%CMAKE_DIR%' does not exist"
+
+    EXIT /B 1
+)
+
+SET "ProjectName="
+FOR /F "usebackq delims=" %%p IN ("%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\project_name.txt") DO SET "ProjectName=%%p"
+
+IF NOT DEFINED ProjectName (
+
+    ECHO %SCRIPT_PATH_DOC%: could not read project name from .sis\project_name.txt 1>&2
+
+    EXIT /B 1
+)
+
+ECHO Running all %ProjectName% performance-test programs
+
+FOR /F "usebackq" %%f IN (`DIR /A:-D /B /S "%CMAKE_DIR%" ^| FINDSTR /I test.*performance.*\.exe$`) DO (
+
+	ECHO .
+	ECHO executing %%f
+	%%f
+	IF ERRORLEVEL 1 EXIT /B %ERRORLEVEL%
+)
+
+ENDLOCAL
diff --git a/run_all_performance_tests.sh b/run_all_performance_tests.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3feaaff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/run_all_performance_tests.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+#! /bin/bash
+
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 1
+
+sis_cmake_is_truey() {
+  case "$(printf '%s' "${1:-}" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')" in
+
+    1|ok|on|true|yes|y)
+
+      return 0
+    ;;
+    *)
+
+      return 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# constants and variables
+
+Basename=$(basename "$0")
+Dir=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)
+CMakeDir=${SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR:-$Dir/_build}
+ProjectNameFile="$Dir/.sis/project_name.txt"
+ProjectName=$(tr -d '[:space:]' < "$ProjectNameFile")
+ScriptPath=$0
+
+AlwaysUseColours=${SIS_CMAKE_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-${SIS_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-0}}
+ListOnly=0
+RunMake=1
+SisUseColours=0
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# colours
+#
+# Enable when tput is available and either:
+#   - AlwaysUseColours is set (overrides NO_COLOR; may set TERM if
+#     empty/dumb), or
+#   - NO_COLOR is unset, stdout is a TTY, and TERM is not dumb (union of
+#     collect-c's "TERM set + TTY" and cstring's "TTY" — empty TERM on a
+#     TTY is OK).
+
+SisClr_Blue=
+SisClr_Bold=
+SisClr_Green=
+SisClr_None=
+SisClr_Red=
+SisClr_Yellow=
+
+for arg in "$@"; do
+
+  case $arg in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      AlwaysUseColours=1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+if command -v tput >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+
+  if [ $AlwaysUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+    if [ -z "${TERM:-}" ] || [ "$TERM" = "dumb" ]; then
+
+      TERM=xterm-256color
+    fi
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  elif [ -z "${NO_COLOR:-}" ] && [ -t 1 ] && [ "${TERM:-}" != "dumb" ]; then
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ $SisUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  SisClr_Blue=${FG_BLUE:-$(tput setaf 4)}
+  SisClr_Bold=${FD_BOLD:-$(tput bold)}
+  SisClr_Green=${FG_GREEN:-$(tput setaf 2)}
+  SisClr_None=${FD_NONE:-$(tput sgr0)}
+  SisClr_Red=${FG_RED:-$(tput setaf 1)}
+  SisClr_Yellow=${FG_YELLOW:-$(tput setaf 3)}
+fi
+
+CMakeDirClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${CMakeDir}${SisClr_None}"
+ProjectNameClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ProjectName}${SisClr_None}"
+ScriptPathClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ScriptPath}${SisClr_None}"
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 2
+
+sis_cmake_build() {
+
+  local config="${SIS_CMAKE_CONFIG:-Release}"
+  local args=(--build "$CMakeDir")
+  if [ -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ] && grep -q '^CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES:' "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" 2>/dev/null; then
+
+    args+=(--config "$config")
+  fi
+  if [ "$#" -gt 0 ]; then
+
+    local t
+    for t in "$@"; do
+
+      args+=(--target "$t")
+    done
+  fi
+
+  cmake "${args[@]}"
+}
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# command-line handling
+
+while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+
+  case $1 in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      # AlwaysUseColours=1 - this is handled by the for loop above
+      ;;
+    --list-only|-l)
+
+      ListOnly=1
+      ;;
+    --no-make|-M)
+
+      RunMake=0
+      ;;
+    --help)
+
+      [ -f "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt" ] && cat "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt"
+      cat << EOF
+Runs all (matching) performance-test programs
+
+${ScriptPath} [ ... flags/options ... ]
+
+Flags/options:
+
+    behaviour:
+
+    -A
+    --always-use-colors
+    --always-use-colours
+        forces use of colours even when stdout is not a TTY
+
+    -l
+    --list-only
+        lists the target programs but does not execute them
+
+    -M
+    --no-make
+        does not execute a build before running programs
+
+
+    standard flags:
+
+    --help
+        displays this help and terminates
+
+EOF
+
+      exit 0
+      ;;
+    *)
+
+      >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: unrecognised argument '${SisClr_Red}${SisClr_Bold}$1${SisClr_None}'; use --help for usage"
+
+      exit 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+
+  shift
+done
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# main()
+
+status=0
+
+if [ $RunMake -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  if [ $ListOnly -eq 0 ]; then
+
+    echo
+    echo "Executing build of ${ProjectNameClr} (via cmake --build) and then running all performance-test programs"
+
+    mkdir -p "$CMakeDir" || exit 1
+
+    if [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ]; then
+
+      >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: '${CMakeDirClr}' is not configured; use prepare_cmake.sh first"
+
+      exit 1
+    fi
+
+    sis_cmake_build
+    status=$?
+  fi
+else
+
+  if [ ! -d "$CMakeDir" ] || [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ]; then
+
+    >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: cannot run in '--no-make' mode without a previous successful configure/build"
+
+    exit 1
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ $status -eq 0 ]; then
+
+  if [ $ListOnly -ne 0 ]; then
+
+    echo
+    echo "Listing all ${ProjectNameClr} performance-test programs"
+  else
+
+    echo
+    echo "Running all ${ProjectNameClr} performance-test programs"
+  fi
+
+  NumPrograms=0
+
+  while IFS= read -r -d '' f; do
+
+    case "$f" in
+      *.pdb|*.ilk|*.log|*.obj|*.o)
+        continue
+        ;;
+    esac
+
+    NumPrograms=$((NumPrograms + 1))
+
+    fClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${f}${SisClr_None}"
+
+    if [ $ListOnly -ne 0 ]; then
+
+      echo "would execute ${fClr}:"
+
+      continue
+    fi
+
+    echo
+    echo "executing ${fClr}:"
+
+    if "$f"; then
+
+      :
+    else
+
+      status=$?
+
+      break 1
+    fi
+  done < <(find "$CMakeDir" -type f \( -name 'test_performance*' -o -name 'test.performance.*' \) \( -perm -100 -o -name '*.exe' \) -print0 2>/dev/null | sort -z)
+
+  if [ $NumPrograms -eq 0 ]; then
+
+    echo "${ScriptPathClr}: found no performance-test programs under '${CMakeDirClr}' (none found)"
+
+    exit 0
+  fi
+fi
+
+exit $status
+
+
+# ############################## end of file ############################# #
diff --git a/run_all_scratch_tests.cmd b/run_all_scratch_tests.cmd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0402fb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/run_all_scratch_tests.cmd
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+@echo off
+
+SETLOCAL
+
+SET SCRIPT_DIRECTORY=%~dp0
+SET SCRIPT_PATH_DOC=%~n0[%~x0]
+SET "ALLOWED_TO_FAIL_FILE=%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\ci_scratch_tests_allowed_to_fail.txt"
+SET "PROGRAM_STATUS=0"
+
+IF DEFINED SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR (
+
+    SET CMAKE_DIR=%SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR%
+) ELSE (
+
+    SET CMAKE_DIR=%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%_build
+)
+
+FOR %%a IN (%*) DO (
+
+	IF /I {--help}=={%%a} (
+
+		IF EXIST "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\script_info_lines.txt" (
+
+					type "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\script_info_lines.txt"
+		)
+		ECHO ^
+
+Runs all ^(matching^) scratch-test programs ^
+
+^
+
+%SCRIPT_PATH_DOC% [ ... flags/options ... ] ^
+
+^
+
+Flags/options: ^
+
+    behaviour: ^
+
+^
+
+    standard flags: ^
+
+^
+
+        --help ^
+
+            displays this help and terminates ^
+
+^
+
+    files: ^
+
+^
+
+        .sis\ci_scratch_tests_allowed_to_fail.txt ^
+
+            optional list of scratch-test programs ^(one name per line; ^
+
+            lines beginning with '#' are ignored^) that are allowed to fail; ^
+
+            such a program is still executed, but a non-zero exit is ^
+
+            reported as anticipated and does not stop the run ^
+
+
+		EXIT /B 0
+	) ELSE (
+
+		ECHO "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%: unrecognised argument '%%a'; use --help for usage" 1>&2
+
+		EXIT /B 1
+	)
+)
+
+if NOT EXIST "%CMAKE_DIR%" (
+
+    ECHO "CMake build directory '%CMAKE_DIR%' does not exist"
+
+    EXIT /B 1
+)
+
+SET "ProjectName="
+FOR /F "usebackq delims=" %%p IN ("%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\project_name.txt") DO SET "ProjectName=%%p"
+
+IF NOT DEFINED ProjectName (
+
+    ECHO %SCRIPT_PATH_DOC%: could not read project name from .sis\project_name.txt 1>&2
+
+    EXIT /B 1
+)
+
+ECHO Running all %ProjectName% scratch-test programs
+
+FOR /F "usebackq" %%f IN (`DIR /A:-D /B /S "%CMAKE_DIR%" ^| FINDSTR /I test.*scratch.*\.exe$`) DO CALL :run_program "%%f"
+
+ENDLOCAL & EXIT /B %PROGRAM_STATUS%
+
+
+REM ##########################################################
+REM subroutines
+
+:run_program
+IF %PROGRAM_STATUS% NEQ 0 EXIT /B 0
+ECHO .
+ECHO executing %~1
+"%~1"
+SET "FAILURE_STATUS=%ERRORLEVEL%"
+IF %FAILURE_STATUS% EQU 0 EXIT /B 0
+CALL :is_allowed_to_fail "%~1"
+IF NOT DEFINED ALLOWED_TO_FAIL GOTO run_program_failed
+ECHO anticipated failure: %~1 exited with status %FAILURE_STATUS%; it is listed in .sis\ci_scratch_tests_allowed_to_fail.txt
+EXIT /B 0
+:run_program_failed
+SET "PROGRAM_STATUS=%FAILURE_STATUS%"
+EXIT /B 0
+
+:is_allowed_to_fail
+SET "ALLOWED_TO_FAIL="
+IF NOT EXIST "%ALLOWED_TO_FAIL_FILE%" EXIT /B 0
+FOR /F "usebackq eol=# tokens=1" %%n IN ("%ALLOWED_TO_FAIL_FILE%") DO CALL :match_allowed "%%n" "%~n1" "%~nx1"
+EXIT /B 0
+
+:match_allowed
+IF /I "%~1"=="%~2" SET "ALLOWED_TO_FAIL=1"
+IF /I "%~1"=="%~3" SET "ALLOWED_TO_FAIL=1"
+EXIT /B 0
diff --git a/run_all_scratch_tests.sh b/run_all_scratch_tests.sh
index c976a35..6e06f13 100755
--- a/run_all_scratch_tests.sh
+++ b/run_all_scratch_tests.sh
@@ -1,17 +1,163 @@
 #! /bin/bash
 
-ScriptPath=$0
-Dir=$(cd $(dirname "$ScriptPath"); pwd)
-Basename=$(basename "$ScriptPath")
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 1
+
+sis_cmake_is_truey() {
+  case "$(printf '%s' "${1:-}" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')" in
+
+    1|ok|on|true|yes|y)
+
+      return 0
+    ;;
+    *)
+
+      return 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# constants and variables
+
+Basename=$(basename "$0")
+Dir=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)
 CMakeDir=${SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR:-$Dir/_build}
-[[ -n "$MSYSTEM" ]] && DefaultMakeCmd=mingw32-make.exe || DefaultMakeCmd=make
-MakeCmd=${SIS_CMAKE_MAKE_COMMAND:-${SIS_CMAKE_COMMAND:-$DefaultMakeCmd}}
 ProjectNameFile="$Dir/.sis/project_name.txt"
 ProjectName=$(tr -d '[:space:]' < "$ProjectNameFile")
+ScriptPath=$0
+AllowedToFailFile="$Dir/.sis/ci_scratch_tests_allowed_to_fail.txt"
 
+AlwaysUseColours=${SIS_CMAKE_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-${SIS_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-0}}
 ListOnly=0
 RunMake=1
-Verbosity=${XTESTS_VERBOSITY:-${TEST_VERBOSITY:-3}}
+SisUseColours=0
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# colours
+#
+# Enable when tput is available and either:
+#   - AlwaysUseColours is set (overrides NO_COLOR; may set TERM if
+#     empty/dumb), or
+#   - NO_COLOR is unset, stdout is a TTY, and TERM is not dumb (union of
+#     collect-c's "TERM set + TTY" and cstring's "TTY" — empty TERM on a
+#     TTY is OK).
+
+SisClr_Blue=
+SisClr_Bold=
+SisClr_Green=
+SisClr_None=
+SisClr_Red=
+SisClr_Yellow=
+
+for arg in "$@"; do
+
+  case $arg in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      AlwaysUseColours=1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+if command -v tput >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+
+  if [ $AlwaysUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+    if [ -z "${TERM:-}" ] || [ "$TERM" = "dumb" ]; then
+
+      TERM=xterm-256color
+    fi
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  elif [ -z "${NO_COLOR:-}" ] && [ -t 1 ] && [ "${TERM:-}" != "dumb" ]; then
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ $SisUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  SisClr_Blue=${FG_BLUE:-$(tput setaf 4)}
+  SisClr_Bold=${FD_BOLD:-$(tput bold)}
+  SisClr_Green=${FG_GREEN:-$(tput setaf 2)}
+  SisClr_None=${FD_NONE:-$(tput sgr0)}
+  SisClr_Red=${FG_RED:-$(tput setaf 1)}
+  SisClr_Yellow=${FG_YELLOW:-$(tput setaf 3)}
+fi
+
+CMakeDirClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${CMakeDir}${SisClr_None}"
+ProjectNameClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ProjectName}${SisClr_None}"
+ScriptPathClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ScriptPath}${SisClr_None}"
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 2
+
+sis_cmake_build() {
+
+  local config="${SIS_CMAKE_CONFIG:-Release}"
+  local args=(--build "$CMakeDir")
+  if [ -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ] && grep -q '^CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES:' "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" 2>/dev/null; then
+
+    args+=(--config "$config")
+  fi
+  if [ "$#" -gt 0 ]; then
+
+    local t
+    for t in "$@"; do
+
+      args+=(--target "$t")
+    done
+  fi
+
+  cmake "${args[@]}"
+}
+
+# Reduces a program path to its (lowercase) name, without any directory or
+# .exe suffix.
+sis_program_stem() {
+
+  local p="${1//\\//}"
+
+  p="${p##*/}"
+
+  case "$p" in
+    *.exe|*.EXE) p="${p%.*}" ;;
+  esac
+
+  printf '%s' "$p" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]'
+}
+
+# Succeeds if the program is named (by name or stem, case-insensitively) in
+# the optional .sis/ci_scratch_tests_allowed_to_fail.txt file; blank lines
+# and lines beginning with '#' are ignored.
+sis_is_allowed_to_fail() {
+
+  local name line
+
+  [ -f "$AllowedToFailFile" ] || return 1
+
+  name=$(sis_program_stem "$1")
+
+  while IFS= read -r line || [ -n "$line" ]; do
+
+    line="${line//$'\r'/}"
+
+    case "$line" in
+      ''|\#*) continue ;;
+    esac
+
+    if [ "$name" = "$(sis_program_stem "$line")" ]; then
+
+      return 0
+    fi
+  done < "$AllowedToFailFile"
+
+  return 1
+}
 
 
 # ##########################################################
@@ -20,6 +166,10 @@ Verbosity=${XTESTS_VERBOSITY:-${TEST_VERBOSITY:-3}}
 while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
 
   case $1 in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      # AlwaysUseColours=1 - this is handled by the for loop above
+      ;;
     --list-only|-l)
 
       ListOnly=1
@@ -28,33 +178,40 @@ while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
 
       RunMake=0
       ;;
-    --verbosity)
-
-      shift
-      Verbosity=$1
-      ;;
     --help)
 
       [ -f "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt" ] && cat "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt"
       cat << EOF
-Runs all (matching) performance-test and scratch-test programs
+Runs all (matching) scratch-test programs
 
-$ScriptPath [ ... flags/options ... ]
+${ScriptPath} [ ... flags/options ... ]
 
 Flags/options:
 
     behaviour:
 
+    -A
+    --always-use-colors
+    --always-use-colours
+        forces use of colours even when stdout is not a TTY
+
     -l
     --list-only
         lists the target programs but does not execute them
 
     -M
     --no-make
-        does not execute CMake and make before running tests
+        does not execute a build before running programs
+
 
-    --verbosity <verbosity>
-        specifies an explicit verbosity for the unit-test(s)
+    files:
+
+    .sis/ci_scratch_tests_allowed_to_fail.txt
+        optional list of scratch-test programs (one name per line; blank
+        lines and lines beginning with '#' are ignored) that are allowed to
+        fail; such a program is still executed, but a non-zero exit is
+        reported as anticipated and neither stops the run nor affects the
+        exit status
 
 
     standard flags:
@@ -68,7 +225,7 @@ EOF
       ;;
     *)
 
-      >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: unrecognised argument '$1'; use --help for usage"
+      >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: unrecognised argument '${SisClr_Red}${SisClr_Bold}$1${SisClr_None}'; use --help for usage"
 
       exit 1
       ;;
@@ -87,22 +244,28 @@ if [ $RunMake -ne 0 ]; then
 
   if [ $ListOnly -eq 0 ]; then
 
-    echo "Executing build of ${ProjectName} (via command \`$MakeCmd\`) and then running all scratch (and performance) test programs"
+    echo
+    echo "Executing build of ${ProjectNameClr} (via cmake --build) and then running all scratch-test programs"
 
-    mkdir -p $CMakeDir || exit 1
+    mkdir -p "$CMakeDir" || exit 1
 
-    cd $CMakeDir
+    if [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ]; then
 
-    $MakeCmd
-    status=$?
+      >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: '${CMakeDirClr}' is not configured; use prepare_cmake.sh first"
 
-    cd ->/dev/null
+      exit 1
+    fi
+
+    sis_cmake_build
+    status=$?
   fi
 else
 
-  if [ ! -d "$CMakeDir" ] || [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ] || [ ! -d "$CMakeDir/CMakeFiles" ]; then
+  if [ ! -d "$CMakeDir" ] || [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ]; then
+
+    >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: cannot run in '--no-make' mode without a previous successful configure/build"
 
-    >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: cannot run in '--no-make' mode without a previous successful build step"
+    exit 1
   fi
 fi
 
@@ -110,43 +273,73 @@ if [ $status -eq 0 ]; then
 
   if [ $ListOnly -ne 0 ]; then
 
-    echo "Listing all ${ProjectName} scratch (and performance) test programs"
+    echo
+    echo "Listing all ${ProjectNameClr} scratch-test programs"
   else
 
-    echo "Running all ${ProjectName} scratch (and performance) test programs"
+    echo
+    echo "Running all ${ProjectNameClr} scratch-test programs"
   fi
 
-  for f in $(find $CMakeDir -type f '(' -name 'test_scratch*' -o -name 'test.scratch.*' -o -name 'test_performance*' -o -name 'test.performance.*' ')' -exec test -x {} \; -print)
-  do
+  NumPrograms=0
+
+  while IFS= read -r -d '' f; do
+
+    case "$f" in
+      *.pdb|*.ilk|*.log|*.obj|*.o)
+        continue
+        ;;
+    esac
+
+    NumPrograms=$((NumPrograms + 1))
+
+    fClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${f}${SisClr_None}"
 
     if [ $ListOnly -ne 0 ]; then
 
-      echo "would execute $f:"
+      if sis_is_allowed_to_fail "$f"; then
 
-      continue
-    fi
+        echo "would execute ${fClr} (allowed to fail):"
+      else
 
-    if [ $Verbosity -ge 3 ]; then
+        echo "would execute ${fClr}:"
+      fi
 
-      echo
+      continue
     fi
-    if [ $Verbosity -ge 2 ]; then
 
-      echo "executing $f:"
-    fi
+    echo
+    echo "executing ${fClr}:"
 
-    if $f; then
+    if "$f"; then
 
       :
     else
 
-      status=$?
+      fStatus=$?
+
+      if sis_is_allowed_to_fail "$f"; then
+
+        echo "${SisClr_Yellow}${SisClr_Bold}anticipated failure${SisClr_None}: ${fClr} exited with status ${fStatus}; it is listed in .sis/ci_scratch_tests_allowed_to_fail.txt"
+
+        continue
+      fi
+
+      status=$fStatus
+
+      break 1
     fi
-  done
+  done < <(find "$CMakeDir" -type f \( -name 'test_scratch*' -o -name 'test.scratch.*' \) \( -perm -100 -o -name '*.exe' \) -print0 2>/dev/null | sort -z)
+
+  if [ $NumPrograms -eq 0 ]; then
+
+    echo "${ScriptPathClr}: found no scratch-test programs under '${CMakeDirClr}' (none found)"
+
+    exit 0
+  fi
 fi
 
 exit $status
 
 
 # ############################## end of file ############################# #
-
diff --git a/run_all_unit_tests.cmd b/run_all_unit_tests.cmd
index b68c97e..18b040a 100644
--- a/run_all_unit_tests.cmd
+++ b/run_all_unit_tests.cmd
@@ -1,32 +1,29 @@
 @echo off
 
-SETLOCAL ENABLEEXTENSIONS ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
+SETLOCAL
 
 SET SCRIPT_DIRECTORY=%~dp0
 SET SCRIPT_PATH_DOC=%~n0[%~x0]
+
 IF DEFINED SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR (
 
-	SET "CMAKE_DIR=%SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR%"
+    SET CMAKE_DIR=%SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR%
 ) ELSE (
 
-	SET "CMAKE_DIR=%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%_build"
+    SET CMAKE_DIR=%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%_build
 )
 
-SET ListOnly=0
-SET Verbose=0
-SET UnitOnly=0
-SET ComponentOnly=0
-SET status=0
-
 FOR %%a IN (%*) DO (
+
 	IF /I {--help}=={%%a} (
+
 		IF EXIST "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\script_info_lines.txt" (
 
-			type "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\script_info_lines.txt"
+					type "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\script_info_lines.txt"
 		)
 		ECHO ^
 
-Runs all ^(matching^) unit-test and/or component-test programs ^
+Runs all ^(matching^) unit-test programs ^
 
 ^
 
@@ -38,41 +35,11 @@ Flags/options: ^
 
     behaviour: ^
 
-^
-
-    -l ^
-
-    --list-only ^
-
-        lists the target programs but does not execute them ^
-
-^
-
-    -M ^
-
-    --no-make ^
-
-        accepted for parity with the .sh script ^(build is not invoked^) ^
-
 ^
 
     --unit-only ^
 
-        runs only unit-test programs ^(test.unit.* / test_unit*^) ^
-
-^
-
-    --component-only ^
-
-        runs only component-test programs ^(test.component.* / test_component*^) ^
-
-^
-
-    -v ^
-
-    --verbose ^
-
-        lists each test program before executing it ^
+        accepted for compatibility; this script always runs unit tests only ^
 
 ^
 
@@ -86,41 +53,22 @@ Flags/options: ^
 
 
 		EXIT /B 0
-	) ELSE IF /I {-l}=={%%a} (
-		SET ListOnly=1
-	) ELSE IF /I {--list-only}=={%%a} (
-		SET ListOnly=1
-	) ELSE IF /I {-M}=={%%a} (
-		REM no-op: this .cmd never invokes the build
-	) ELSE IF /I {--no-make}=={%%a} (
-		REM no-op: this .cmd never invokes the build
 	) ELSE IF /I {--unit-only}=={%%a} (
-		SET UnitOnly=1
-	) ELSE IF /I {--component-only}=={%%a} (
-		SET ComponentOnly=1
-	) ELSE IF /I {-v}=={%%a} (
-		SET Verbose=1
-	) ELSE IF /I {--verbose}=={%%a} (
-		SET Verbose=1
+
+		REM Benign: this script is already unit-only
 	) ELSE (
-		ECHO %SCRIPT_PATH_DOC%: unrecognised argument '%%a'; use --help for usage 1>&2
+
+		ECHO "%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%: unrecognised argument '%%a'; use --help for usage" 1>&2
 
 		EXIT /B 1
 	)
 )
 
-IF !UnitOnly! EQU 1 IF !ComponentOnly! EQU 1 (
-
-	ECHO %SCRIPT_PATH_DOC%: --unit-only and --component-only are mutually exclusive 1>&2
-
-	EXIT /B 1
-)
-
-IF NOT EXIST "%CMAKE_DIR%" (
+if NOT EXIST "%CMAKE_DIR%" (
 
-	ECHO %SCRIPT_PATH_DOC%: CMake build directory '%CMAKE_DIR%' does not exist 1>&2
+    ECHO "CMake build directory '%CMAKE_DIR%' does not exist"
 
-	EXIT /B 1
+    EXIT /B 1
 )
 
 SET "ProjectName="
@@ -128,61 +76,19 @@ FOR /F "usebackq delims=" %%p IN ("%SCRIPT_DIRECTORY%.sis\project_name.txt") DO
 
 IF NOT DEFINED ProjectName (
 
-	ECHO %SCRIPT_PATH_DOC%: could not read project name from .sis\project_name.txt 1>&2
-
-	EXIT /B 1
-)
-
-IF !UnitOnly! EQU 1 (
-
-	SET "TestKindDescription=unit test"
-) ELSE IF !ComponentOnly! EQU 1 (
-
-	SET "TestKindDescription=component test"
-) ELSE (
+    ECHO %SCRIPT_PATH_DOC%: could not read project name from .sis\project_name.txt 1>&2
 
-	SET "TestKindDescription=component and unit test"
+    EXIT /B 1
 )
 
-IF !ListOnly! EQU 1 (
-
-	ECHO Listing all !ProjectName! !TestKindDescription! programs
-) ELSE (
+ECHO Running all %ProjectName% unit-test programs
 
-	ECHO Running all !ProjectName! !TestKindDescription! programs
-)
+FOR /F "usebackq" %%f IN (`DIR /A:-D /B /S "%CMAKE_DIR%" ^| FINDSTR /I test.*unit.*\.exe$`) DO (
 
-IF !UnitOnly! EQU 1 (
-
-	SET "FindPattern=test\.unit\..*\.exe$"
-) ELSE IF !ComponentOnly! EQU 1 (
-
-	SET "FindPattern=test\.component\..*\.exe$"
-) ELSE (
-
-	SET "FindPattern=test\.unit\..*\.exe$ test\.component\..*\.exe$"
-)
-
-FOR /F "usebackq delims=" %%f IN (`DIR /A:-D /B /S "%CMAKE_DIR%\*.exe" 2^>NUL ^| FINDSTR /I /R "!FindPattern!"`) DO (
-	IF !ListOnly! EQU 1 (
-
-		ECHO would execute %%f:
-	) ELSE (
-
-		IF !Verbose! EQU 1 (
-
-			ECHO executing %%f:
-		)
-
-		"%%f"
-		IF ERRORLEVEL 1 (
-
-			SET status=1
-
-			GOTO :done
-		)
-	)
+	ECHO .
+	ECHO executing %%f
+	%%f
+	IF ERRORLEVEL 1 EXIT /B %ERRORLEVEL%
 )
 
-:done
-EXIT /B !status!
+ENDLOCAL
diff --git a/run_all_unit_tests.sh b/run_all_unit_tests.sh
index bed7973..301ccae 100755
--- a/run_all_unit_tests.sh
+++ b/run_all_unit_tests.sh
@@ -1,27 +1,132 @@
 #! /bin/bash
 
-ScriptPath=$0
-Dir=$(cd $(dirname "$ScriptPath"); pwd)
-Basename=$(basename "$ScriptPath")
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 1
+
+sis_cmake_is_truey() {
+  case "$(printf '%s' "${1:-}" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')" in
+
+    1|ok|on|true|yes|y)
+
+      return 0
+    ;;
+    *)
+
+      return 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# constants and variables
+
+Basename=$(basename "$0")
+Dir=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)
 CMakeDir=${SIS_CMAKE_BUILD_DIR:-$Dir/_build}
-[[ -n "$MSYSTEM" ]] && DefaultMakeCmd=mingw32-make.exe || DefaultMakeCmd=make
-MakeCmd=${SIS_CMAKE_MAKE_COMMAND:-${SIS_CMAKE_COMMAND:-$DefaultMakeCmd}}
 ProjectNameFile="$Dir/.sis/project_name.txt"
 ProjectName=$(tr -d '[:space:]' < "$ProjectNameFile")
+ScriptPath=$0
 
+AlwaysUseColours=${SIS_CMAKE_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-${SIS_ALWAYS_USE_COLOURS:-0}}
 ListOnly=0
 RunMake=1
-UnitOnly=0
-ComponentOnly=0
+SisUseColours=0
 Verbosity=${XTESTS_VERBOSITY:-${TEST_VERBOSITY:-3}}
 
 
+# ##########################################################
+# colours
+#
+# Enable when tput is available and either:
+#   - AlwaysUseColours is set (overrides NO_COLOR; may set TERM if
+#     empty/dumb), or
+#   - NO_COLOR is unset, stdout is a TTY, and TERM is not dumb (union of
+#     collect-c's "TERM set + TTY" and cstring's "TTY" — empty TERM on a
+#     TTY is OK).
+
+SisClr_Blue=
+SisClr_Bold=
+SisClr_Green=
+SisClr_None=
+SisClr_Red=
+SisClr_Yellow=
+
+for arg in "$@"; do
+
+  case $arg in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      AlwaysUseColours=1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+if command -v tput >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+
+  if [ $AlwaysUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+    if [ -z "${TERM:-}" ] || [ "$TERM" = "dumb" ]; then
+
+      TERM=xterm-256color
+    fi
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  elif [ -z "${NO_COLOR:-}" ] && [ -t 1 ] && [ "${TERM:-}" != "dumb" ]; then
+
+    SisUseColours=1
+  fi
+fi
+
+if [ $SisUseColours -ne 0 ]; then
+
+  SisClr_Blue=${FG_BLUE:-$(tput setaf 4)}
+  SisClr_Bold=${FD_BOLD:-$(tput bold)}
+  SisClr_Green=${FG_GREEN:-$(tput setaf 2)}
+  SisClr_None=${FD_NONE:-$(tput sgr0)}
+  SisClr_Red=${FG_RED:-$(tput setaf 1)}
+  SisClr_Yellow=${FG_YELLOW:-$(tput setaf 3)}
+fi
+
+CMakeDirClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${CMakeDir}${SisClr_None}"
+ProjectNameClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ProjectName}${SisClr_None}"
+ScriptPathClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${ScriptPath}${SisClr_None}"
+
+
+# ##########################################################
+# functions - 2
+
+sis_cmake_build() {
+
+  local config="${SIS_CMAKE_CONFIG:-Release}"
+  local args=(--build "$CMakeDir")
+  if [ -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ] && grep -q '^CMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES:' "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" 2>/dev/null; then
+
+    args+=(--config "$config")
+  fi
+  if [ "$#" -gt 0 ]; then
+
+    local t
+    for t in "$@"; do
+
+      args+=(--target "$t")
+    done
+  fi
+
+  cmake "${args[@]}"
+}
+
+
 # ##########################################################
 # command-line handling
 
 while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
 
   case $1 in
+    --always-use-colors|--always-use-colours|-A)
+
+      # AlwaysUseColours=1 - this is handled by the for loop above
+      ;;
     --list-only|-l)
 
       ListOnly=1
@@ -32,11 +137,7 @@ while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
       ;;
     --unit-only)
 
-      UnitOnly=1
-      ;;
-    --component-only)
-
-      ComponentOnly=1
+      # Benign: this script is already unit-only (aggregate / CI may pass it)
       ;;
     --verbosity)
 
@@ -47,30 +148,32 @@ while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
 
       [ -f "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt" ] && cat "$Dir/.sis/script_info_lines.txt"
       cat << EOF
-Runs all (matching) unit-test and/or component-test programs
+Runs all (matching) unit-test programs
 
-$ScriptPath [ ... flags/options ... ]
+${ScriptPath} [ ... flags/options ... ]
 
 Flags/options:
 
     behaviour:
 
+    -A
+    --always-use-colors
+    --always-use-colours
+        forces use of colours even when stdout is not a TTY
+
     -l
     --list-only
         lists the target programs but does not execute them
 
     -M
     --no-make
-        does not execute CMake and make before running tests
+        does not execute a build before running programs
 
     --unit-only
-        runs only unit-test programs (test.unit.* / test_unit*)
-
-    --component-only
-        runs only component-test programs (test.component.* / test_component*)
+        accepted for compatibility; this script always runs unit tests only
 
     --verbosity <verbosity>
-        specifies an explicit verbosity for the unit-test(s)
+        specifies an explicit verbosity, forwarded to each program
 
 
     standard flags:
@@ -84,7 +187,7 @@ EOF
       ;;
     *)
 
-      >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: unrecognised argument '$1'; use --help for usage"
+      >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: unrecognised argument '${SisClr_Red}${SisClr_Bold}$1${SisClr_None}'; use --help for usage"
 
       exit 1
       ;;
@@ -93,50 +196,36 @@ EOF
   shift
 done
 
-if [ $UnitOnly -ne 0 ] && [ $ComponentOnly -ne 0 ]; then
-
-  >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: --unit-only and --component-only are mutually exclusive"
-
-  exit 1
-fi
-
 
 # ##########################################################
 # main()
 
 status=0
 
-if [ $UnitOnly -ne 0 ]; then
-
-  TestKindDescription='unit test'
-elif [ $ComponentOnly -ne 0 ]; then
-
-  TestKindDescription='component test'
-else
-
-  TestKindDescription='component and unit test'
-fi
-
 if [ $RunMake -ne 0 ]; then
 
   if [ $ListOnly -eq 0 ]; then
 
-    echo "Executing build of ${ProjectName} (via command \`$MakeCmd\`) and then running all ${TestKindDescription} programs"
+    echo
+    echo "Executing build of ${ProjectNameClr} (via cmake --build) and then running all unit-test programs"
 
-    mkdir -p $CMakeDir || exit 1
+    mkdir -p "$CMakeDir" || exit 1
 
-    cd $CMakeDir
+    if [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ]; then
 
-    $MakeCmd
-    status=$?
+      >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: '${CMakeDirClr}' is not configured; use prepare_cmake.sh first"
 
-    cd ->/dev/null
+      exit 1
+    fi
+
+    sis_cmake_build
+    status=$?
   fi
 else
 
-  if [ ! -d "$CMakeDir" ] || [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ] || [ ! -d "$CMakeDir/CMakeFiles" ]; then
+  if [ ! -d "$CMakeDir" ] || [ ! -f "$CMakeDir/CMakeCache.txt" ]; then
 
-    >&2 echo "$ScriptPath: cannot run in '--no-make' mode without a previous successful build step"
+    >&2 echo "${ScriptPathClr}: cannot run in '--no-make' mode without a previous successful configure/build"
 
     exit 1
   fi
@@ -146,29 +235,31 @@ if [ $status -eq 0 ]; then
 
   if [ $ListOnly -ne 0 ]; then
 
-    echo "Listing all ${ProjectName} ${TestKindDescription} programs"
+    echo
+    echo "Listing all ${ProjectNameClr} unit-test programs"
   else
 
-    echo "Running all ${ProjectName} ${TestKindDescription} programs"
+    echo
+    echo "Running all ${ProjectNameClr} unit-test programs"
   fi
 
-  if [ $UnitOnly -ne 0 ]; then
+  NumPrograms=0
 
-    find_name_expr=( \( -name 'test_unit*' -o -name 'test.unit.*' \) )
-  elif [ $ComponentOnly -ne 0 ]; then
+  while IFS= read -r -d '' f; do
 
-    find_name_expr=( \( -name 'test_component*' -o -name 'test.component.*' \) )
-  else
+    case "$f" in
+      *.pdb|*.ilk|*.log|*.obj|*.o)
+        continue
+        ;;
+    esac
 
-    find_name_expr=( \( -name 'test_unit*' -o -name 'test.unit.*' -o -name 'test_component*' -o -name 'test.component.*' \) )
-  fi
+    NumPrograms=$((NumPrograms + 1))
 
-  for f in $(find "$CMakeDir" -type f "${find_name_expr[@]}" -exec test -x {} \; -print | sort)
-  do
+    fClr="${SisClr_Blue}${SisClr_Bold}${f}${SisClr_None}"
 
     if [ $ListOnly -ne 0 ]; then
 
-      echo "would execute $f:"
+      echo "would execute ${fClr}:"
 
       continue
     fi
@@ -179,10 +270,10 @@ if [ $status -eq 0 ]; then
     fi
     if [ $Verbosity -ge 2 ]; then
 
-      echo "executing $f:"
+      echo "executing ${fClr}:"
     fi
 
-    if $f --verbosity=$Verbosity; then
+    if "$f" --verbosity="$Verbosity"; then
 
       :
     else
@@ -191,7 +282,14 @@ if [ $status -eq 0 ]; then
 
       break 1
     fi
-  done
+  done < <(find "$CMakeDir" -type f \( -name 'test_unit*' -o -name 'test.unit.*' \) \( -perm -100 -o -name '*.exe' \) -print0 2>/dev/null | sort -z)
+
+  if [ $NumPrograms -eq 0 ]; then
+
+    echo "${ScriptPathClr}: found no unit-test programs under '${CMakeDirClr}' (none found)"
+
+    exit 0
+  fi
 fi
 
 exit $status
diff --git a/test/component/CMakeLists.txt b/test/component/CMakeLists.txt
index bddd3d8..2656862 100644
--- a/test/component/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/test/component/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 # SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Remove this line if you edit the file, otherwise it will be overwritten
-add_subdirectory(test.component.dirent)
-add_subdirectory(test.component.glob)
-add_subdirectory(test.component.unistd.mkdtemp)
-add_subdirectory(test.component.unistd.mkstemp)
-add_subdirectory(test.component.unistd.usleep)
+add_subdirectory(dirent)
+add_subdirectory(glob)
+add_subdirectory(unistd)
diff --git a/test/component/dirent/CMakeLists.txt b/test/component/dirent/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d434f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/component/dirent/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Remove this line if you edit the file, otherwise it will be overwritten
+define_automated_test_program(test.component.dirent entry.cpp)
diff --git a/test/component/test.component.dirent/entry.cpp b/test/component/dirent/entry.cpp
similarity index 99%
rename from test/component/test.component.dirent/entry.cpp
rename to test/component/dirent/entry.cpp
index 99f8433..d999ca3 100644
--- a/test/component/test.component.dirent/entry.cpp
+++ b/test/component/dirent/entry.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ namespace {
 } // anonymous namespace
 
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv)
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 {
     int retCode = EXIT_SUCCESS;
     int verbosity = 2;
diff --git a/test/component/glob/CMakeLists.txt b/test/component/glob/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f5cbfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/component/glob/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Remove this line if you edit the file, otherwise it will be overwritten
+define_automated_test_program(test.component.glob entry.cpp)
diff --git a/test/component/test.component.glob/entry.cpp b/test/component/glob/entry.cpp
similarity index 95%
rename from test/component/test.component.glob/entry.cpp
rename to test/component/glob/entry.cpp
index aaafd31..0eb223e 100644
--- a/test/component/test.component.glob/entry.cpp
+++ b/test/component/glob/entry.cpp
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 /* /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- * File:    test.component.glob.cpp
+ * File:    test/component/glob/entry.cpp
  *
  * Purpose: Unit-test of `glob()`.
  *
  * Created: 20th May 2012
- * Updated: 18th May 2025
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
 
@@ -70,12 +70,6 @@ namespace
     static void TEST_readdir_CWD_FOR_DIRECTORIES_AND_FILES_AND_DOTS(void);
     static void TEST_readdir_CWD_FOR_DIRECTORIES_AND_DOTS(void);
     static void TEST_readdir_HOMEDIR_FOR_DIRECTORIES_AND_FILES_AND_DOTS(void);
-    static void test_1_14(void);
-    static void test_1_15(void);
-    static void test_1_16(void);
-    static void test_1_17(void);
-    static void test_1_18(void);
-    static void test_1_19(void);
 #if 0
 
     static int setup(void*);
@@ -94,7 +88,7 @@ namespace
  * main()
  */
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 {
     int retCode = EXIT_SUCCESS;
     int verbosity = 2;
@@ -141,12 +135,6 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
         XTESTS_RUN_CASE(TEST_readdir_CWD_FOR_DIRECTORIES_AND_FILES_AND_DOTS);
         XTESTS_RUN_CASE(TEST_readdir_CWD_FOR_DIRECTORIES_AND_DOTS);
         XTESTS_RUN_CASE(TEST_readdir_HOMEDIR_FOR_DIRECTORIES_AND_FILES_AND_DOTS);
-        XTESTS_RUN_CASE(test_1_14);
-        XTESTS_RUN_CASE(test_1_15);
-        XTESTS_RUN_CASE(test_1_16);
-        XTESTS_RUN_CASE(test_1_17);
-        XTESTS_RUN_CASE(test_1_18);
-        XTESTS_RUN_CASE(test_1_19);
 
         XTESTS_PRINT_RESULTS();
 
@@ -588,30 +576,6 @@ static void TEST_readdir_HOMEDIR_FOR_DIRECTORIES_AND_FILES_AND_DOTS()
     }
 }
 
-static void test_1_14()
-{
-}
-
-static void test_1_15()
-{
-}
-
-static void test_1_16()
-{
-}
-
-static void test_1_17()
-{
-}
-
-static void test_1_18()
-{
-}
-
-static void test_1_19()
-{
-}
-
 } // anonymous namespace
 
 
diff --git a/test/component/test.component.glob/implicit_link.cpp b/test/component/glob/implicit_link.cpp
similarity index 99%
rename from test/component/test.component.glob/implicit_link.cpp
rename to test/component/glob/implicit_link.cpp
index cfd8483..4d621c5 100644
--- a/test/component/test.component.glob/implicit_link.cpp
+++ b/test/component/glob/implicit_link.cpp
@@ -7,3 +7,4 @@
 
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/test/component/test.component.dirent/CMakeLists.txt b/test/component/test.component.dirent/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 9838280..0000000
--- a/test/component/test.component.dirent/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Do not edit!
-define_automated_test_program(test.component.dirent entry.cpp)
diff --git a/test/component/test.component.glob/CMakeLists.txt b/test/component/test.component.glob/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index b99362f..0000000
--- a/test/component/test.component.glob/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Do not edit!
-define_automated_test_program(test.component.glob entry.cpp)
diff --git a/test/component/test.component.unistd.usleep/CMakeLists.txt b/test/component/test.component.unistd.usleep/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 76c9426..0000000
--- a/test/component/test.component.unistd.usleep/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Do not edit!
-define_automated_test_program(test.component.unistd.usleep entry.cpp)
diff --git a/test/component/unistd/CMakeLists.txt b/test/component/unistd/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56acb62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/component/unistd/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Remove this line if you edit the file, otherwise it will be overwritten
+add_subdirectory(mkdtemp)
+add_subdirectory(mkstemp)
+add_subdirectory(usleep)
diff --git a/test/component/test.component.unistd.mkdtemp/CMakeLists.txt b/test/component/unistd/mkdtemp/CMakeLists.txt
similarity index 100%
rename from test/component/test.component.unistd.mkdtemp/CMakeLists.txt
rename to test/component/unistd/mkdtemp/CMakeLists.txt
diff --git a/test/component/test.component.unistd.mkdtemp/entry.c b/test/component/unistd/mkdtemp/entry.c
similarity index 98%
rename from test/component/test.component.unistd.mkdtemp/entry.c
rename to test/component/unistd/mkdtemp/entry.c
index 2c68ced..8340e50 100644
--- a/test/component/test.component.unistd.mkdtemp/entry.c
+++ b/test/component/unistd/mkdtemp/entry.c
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv)
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 {
     int retCode = EXIT_SUCCESS;
     int verbosity = 2;
diff --git a/test/component/test.component.unistd.mkdtemp/implicit_link.c b/test/component/unistd/mkdtemp/implicit_link.c
similarity index 99%
rename from test/component/test.component.unistd.mkdtemp/implicit_link.c
rename to test/component/unistd/mkdtemp/implicit_link.c
index cfd8483..4d621c5 100644
--- a/test/component/test.component.unistd.mkdtemp/implicit_link.c
+++ b/test/component/unistd/mkdtemp/implicit_link.c
@@ -7,3 +7,4 @@
 
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/test/component/test.component.unistd.mkstemp/CMakeLists.txt b/test/component/unistd/mkstemp/CMakeLists.txt
similarity index 100%
rename from test/component/test.component.unistd.mkstemp/CMakeLists.txt
rename to test/component/unistd/mkstemp/CMakeLists.txt
diff --git a/test/component/test.component.unistd.mkstemp/entry.c b/test/component/unistd/mkstemp/entry.c
similarity index 98%
rename from test/component/test.component.unistd.mkstemp/entry.c
rename to test/component/unistd/mkstemp/entry.c
index 8b1574c..12bd049 100644
--- a/test/component/test.component.unistd.mkstemp/entry.c
+++ b/test/component/unistd/mkstemp/entry.c
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv)
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 {
     int retCode = EXIT_SUCCESS;
     int verbosity = 2;
diff --git a/test/component/test.component.unistd.mkstemp/implicit_link.c b/test/component/unistd/mkstemp/implicit_link.c
similarity index 99%
rename from test/component/test.component.unistd.mkstemp/implicit_link.c
rename to test/component/unistd/mkstemp/implicit_link.c
index cfd8483..4d621c5 100644
--- a/test/component/test.component.unistd.mkstemp/implicit_link.c
+++ b/test/component/unistd/mkstemp/implicit_link.c
@@ -7,3 +7,4 @@
 
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/test/component/unistd/usleep/CMakeLists.txt b/test/component/unistd/usleep/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca80987
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/component/unistd/usleep/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Remove this line if you edit the file, otherwise it will be overwritten
+define_automated_test_program(test.component.unistd.usleep entry.cpp)
diff --git a/test/component/test.component.unistd.usleep/entry.cpp b/test/component/unistd/usleep/entry.cpp
similarity index 96%
rename from test/component/test.component.unistd.usleep/entry.cpp
rename to test/component/unistd/usleep/entry.cpp
index 1aabd2a..a048138 100644
--- a/test/component/test.component.unistd.usleep/entry.cpp
+++ b/test/component/unistd/usleep/entry.cpp
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 /* /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- * File:    test.component.unistd.usleep/entry.cpp
+ * File:    test/component/unistd/usleep/entry.cpp
  *
  * Purpose: Unit-test of `usleep()`.
  *
  * Created: 29th November 2024
- * Updated: 29th November 2024
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ namespace
  * main()
  */
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 {
     int retCode = EXIT_SUCCESS;
     int verbosity = 2;
diff --git a/test/scratch/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/CMakeLists.txt
index 377d3a2..ac2d179 100644
--- a/test/scratch/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/test/scratch/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
 
-add_subdirectory(test.scratch.dlfcn)
+add_subdirectory(dlfcn)
 #[====[
-add_subdirectory(test.scratch.fnmatch)
+add_subdirectory(fnmatch)
 ]====]
-add_subdirectory(test.scratch.getrusage)
-add_subdirectory(test.scratch.link)
+add_subdirectory(getrusage)
+add_subdirectory(link)
 #[====[
-add_subdirectory(test.scratch.mmap)
+add_subdirectory(mmap)
 ]====]
-add_subdirectory(test.scratch.setenv)
-add_subdirectory(test.scratch.syslog)
-add_subdirectory(test.scratch.uio)
+add_subdirectory(setenv)
+add_subdirectory(syslog)
+add_subdirectory(uio)
+add_subdirectory(versions)
diff --git a/test/scratch/dlfcn/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/dlfcn/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..84522aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/scratch/dlfcn/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+list(APPEND X_MSVC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED 4996)
+define_example_program(test.scratch.dlfcn main.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.dlfcn/test.scratch.dlfcn.c b/test/scratch/dlfcn/main.c
similarity index 97%
rename from test/scratch/test.scratch.dlfcn/test.scratch.dlfcn.c
rename to test/scratch/dlfcn/main.c
index 2770d7c..5f75e60 100644
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.dlfcn/test.scratch.dlfcn.c
+++ b/test/scratch/dlfcn/main.c
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 /* /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- * File:    test.scratch.dlfcn.c
+ * File:    test/scratch/dlfcn/main.c
  *
  * Purpose: Unit-test of `dlopen()`, `dlsym()`, `dlclose()`.
  *
  * Created: 1st January 2004
- * Updated: 4th August 2026
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
 
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@
  * constants
  */
 
-/* Defaults so bare invocation (e.g. run_all_scratch_tests.sh) is a useful smoke. */
+/* Defaults so bare invocation (e.g. run_all_scratch_tests.sh) is a useful
+ * smoke. */
 #define TEST_SCRATCH_DLFCN_DEFAULT_MODULE   "kernel32.dll"
 #define TEST_SCRATCH_DLFCN_DEFAULT_SYMBOL   "GetCurrentProcessId"
 
@@ -125,3 +126,4 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/test/scratch/fnmatch/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/fnmatch/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ced370
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/scratch/fnmatch/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+list(APPEND X_MSVC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED 4996)
+define_example_program(test.scratch.fnmatch main.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.fnmatch/test.scratch.fnmatch.c b/test/scratch/fnmatch/main.c
similarity index 96%
rename from test/scratch/test.scratch.fnmatch/test.scratch.fnmatch.c
rename to test/scratch/fnmatch/main.c
index 4a06c0b..be8cc97 100644
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.fnmatch/test.scratch.fnmatch.c
+++ b/test/scratch/fnmatch/main.c
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 /* /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- * File:    test.scratch.fnmatch.c
+ * File:    test/scratch/fnmatch/main.c
  *
  * Purpose: Unit-test of `fnmatch()`.
  *
  * Created: 24th April 2006
- * Updated: 1st May 2025
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
 
diff --git a/test/scratch/getrusage/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/getrusage/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e30fa5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/scratch/getrusage/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+list(APPEND X_MSVC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED 4996)
+define_example_program(test.scratch.getrusage main.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.getrusage/test.scratch.getrusage.c b/test/scratch/getrusage/main.c
similarity index 95%
rename from test/scratch/test.scratch.getrusage/test.scratch.getrusage.c
rename to test/scratch/getrusage/main.c
index 78cf3c2..56177af 100644
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.getrusage/test.scratch.getrusage.c
+++ b/test/scratch/getrusage/main.c
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 /* /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- * File:    test.scratch.getrusage.c
+ * File:    test/scratch/getrusage/main.c
  *
  * Purpose: Unit-test of `getrusage()`.
  *
  * Created: 9th June 2006
- * Updated: 29th November 2024
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
 
diff --git a/test/scratch/link/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/link/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3415a2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/scratch/link/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+list(APPEND X_MSVC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED 4996)
+define_example_program(test.scratch.link main.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.link/test.scratch.link.c b/test/scratch/link/main.c
similarity index 97%
rename from test/scratch/test.scratch.link/test.scratch.link.c
rename to test/scratch/link/main.c
index 5c30370..f813722 100644
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.link/test.scratch.link.c
+++ b/test/scratch/link/main.c
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 /* /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- * File:    test.scratch.link.c
+ * File:    test/scratch/link/main.c
  *
  * Purpose: Unit-test of `link()`.
  *
  * Created: 2nd September 2005
- * Updated: 4th August 2026
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
 
diff --git a/test/scratch/mmap/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/mmap/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..50c116b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/scratch/mmap/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+list(APPEND X_MSVC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED 4996)
+define_example_program(test.scratch.mmap main.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.mmap/test.scratch.mmap.c b/test/scratch/mmap/main.c
similarity index 97%
rename from test/scratch/test.scratch.mmap/test.scratch.mmap.c
rename to test/scratch/mmap/main.c
index 83211ef..7cd183c 100644
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.mmap/test.scratch.mmap.c
+++ b/test/scratch/mmap/main.c
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 /* /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- * File:    test.scratch.mmap.cpp
+ * File:    test/scratch/mmap/main.c
  *
  * Purpose: Unit-test of `mmap()`, `munmap()`.
  *
  * Created: 18th December 2003
- * Updated: 1st May 2025
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
 
diff --git a/test/scratch/setenv/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/setenv/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8aea02f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/scratch/setenv/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+list(APPEND X_MSVC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED 4996)
+define_example_program(test.scratch.setenv main.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.setenv/test.scratch.setenv.c b/test/scratch/setenv/main.c
similarity index 96%
rename from test/scratch/test.scratch.setenv/test.scratch.setenv.c
rename to test/scratch/setenv/main.c
index e818f0b..f93bcfd 100644
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.setenv/test.scratch.setenv.c
+++ b/test/scratch/setenv/main.c
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 /* /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- * File:    test.scratch.setenv.c
+ * File:    test/scratch/setenv/main.c
  *
  * Purpose: Unit-test of `setenv()`.
  *
  * Created: 9th December 2005
- * Updated: 29th November 2024
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
 
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.syslog/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/syslog/CMakeLists.txt
similarity index 68%
rename from test/scratch/test.scratch.syslog/CMakeLists.txt
rename to test/scratch/syslog/CMakeLists.txt
index 1e91427..7a15a6f 100644
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.syslog/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/test/scratch/syslog/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 list(APPEND X_GCC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED unused-variable)
 #]====]
 list(APPEND X_MSVC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED 4996)
-define_example_program(test.scratch.syslog test.scratch.syslog.c)
+define_example_program(test.scratch.syslog main.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.syslog/test.scratch.syslog.c b/test/scratch/syslog/main.c
similarity index 92%
rename from test/scratch/test.scratch.syslog/test.scratch.syslog.c
rename to test/scratch/syslog/main.c
index fc2ee99..09bf9b4 100644
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.syslog/test.scratch.syslog.c
+++ b/test/scratch/syslog/main.c
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-/* //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- * File:    test.scratch.syslog.c
+/* /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+ * File:    test/scratch/syslog/main.c
  *
  * Purpose: Unit-test of `syslog()`.
  *
  * Created: 1st October 2006
- * Updated: 29th November 2024
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
- * /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
+ * ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
 
 
 /* /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.dlfcn/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/test.scratch.dlfcn/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 0f8f30e..0000000
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.dlfcn/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-list(APPEND X_MSVC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED 4996)
-define_example_program(test.scratch.dlfcn test.scratch.dlfcn.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.fnmatch/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/test.scratch.fnmatch/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index cffb88e..0000000
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.fnmatch/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-list(APPEND X_MSVC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED 4996)
-define_example_program(test.scratch.fnmatch test.scratch.fnmatch.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.getrusage/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/test.scratch.getrusage/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index bee859d..0000000
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.getrusage/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-list(APPEND X_MSVC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED 4996)
-define_example_program(test.scratch.getrusage test.scratch.getrusage.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.link/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/test.scratch.link/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 88070cd..0000000
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.link/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-list(APPEND X_MSVC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED 4996)
-define_example_program(test.scratch.link test.scratch.link.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.mmap/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/test.scratch.mmap/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 9aa534f..0000000
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.mmap/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-list(APPEND X_MSVC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED 4996)
-define_example_program(test.scratch.mmap test.scratch.mmap.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.setenv/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/test.scratch.setenv/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 88e0629..0000000
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.setenv/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-list(APPEND X_MSVC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED 4996)
-define_example_program(test.scratch.setenv test.scratch.setenv.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.uio/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/test.scratch.uio/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 25461de..0000000
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.uio/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-list(APPEND X_MSVC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED 4996)
-define_example_program(test.scratch.uio test.scratch.uio.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/uio/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/uio/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e950176
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/scratch/uio/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+list(APPEND X_MSVC_CUSTOM_WARNINGS_TO_BE_SUPPRESSED 4996)
+define_example_program(test.scratch.uio main.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/test.scratch.uio/test.scratch.uio.c b/test/scratch/uio/main.c
similarity index 96%
rename from test/scratch/test.scratch.uio/test.scratch.uio.c
rename to test/scratch/uio/main.c
index 31ec5ab..e95ab5a 100644
--- a/test/scratch/test.scratch.uio/test.scratch.uio.c
+++ b/test/scratch/uio/main.c
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 /* /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- * File:    test.scratch.uio.c
+ * File:    test/scratch/uio/main.c
  *
  * Purpose: Unit-test of `uio()`.
  *
  * Created: 19th September 2005
- * Updated: 4th August 2026
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
  *
  * ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
 
@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ static int main_(int argc, char* argv[])
     {
     case 1:
 
-        /* Bare invocation (e.g. run_all_scratch_tests.sh): smoke against self. */
+        /* Bare invocation (e.g. run_all_scratch_tests.sh): smoke against
+         * self. */
         fileName = argv[0];
         break;
     case 2:
@@ -109,3 +110,4 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/test/scratch/versions/CMakeLists.txt b/test/scratch/versions/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94022e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/scratch/versions/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Remove this line if you edit the file, otherwise it will be overwritten
+define_example_program(test.scratch.versions main.c)
diff --git a/test/scratch/versions/main.c b/test/scratch/versions/main.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ec5bb8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/scratch/versions/main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/* /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+ * File:    test/scratch/versions/main.c
+ *
+ * Purpose: Prints UNIXem composite version.
+ *
+ * Created: 17th September 2026
+ * Updated: 9th October 2026
+ *
+ * ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
+
+
+#include <unixem/unixem.h>
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+
+#define PROGRAM_NAME                                        "versions"
+
+
+static void
+version(
+    FILE*       stm
+,   char const* prefix
+,   char const* libname
+,   char const* macroname
+,   unsigned    libver
+)
+{
+    fprintf(
+        stm
+    ,   "%s%s: v%u.%u.%u.%u (%s = 0x%08x)\n"
+    ,   prefix
+    ,   libname
+    ,   (libver >> 24) & 0xff
+    ,   (libver >> 16) & 0xff
+    ,   (libver >> 8) & 0xff
+    ,   (libver >> 0) & 0xff
+    ,   macroname
+    ,   libver
+    );
+}
+
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+    ((void)&argc);
+    ((void)&argv);
+
+    {
+        unsigned const libver = (unsigned)UNIXEM_VER;
+
+        version(stdout, "", "UNIXem", "UNIXEM_VER", libver);
+    }
+
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+/* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/test/unit/CMakeLists.txt b/test/unit/CMakeLists.txt
index 664a986..d076d36 100644
--- a/test/unit/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/test/unit/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 # SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Remove this line if you edit the file, otherwise it will be overwritten
-add_subdirectory(test.unit.unistd.gethostname)
-add_subdirectory(test.unit.unistd.getpid)
-add_subdirectory(test.unit.unistd.pathconf)
-add_subdirectory(test.unit.util.fs)
-add_subdirectory(test.unit.util.str)
+add_subdirectory(unistd)
+add_subdirectory(util.fs)
+add_subdirectory(util.str)
diff --git a/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.gethostname/CMakeLists.txt b/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.gethostname/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 73f6cde..0000000
--- a/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.gethostname/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Do not edit!
-define_automated_test_program(test.unit.unistd.gethostname entry.c)
diff --git a/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.getpid/CMakeLists.txt b/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.getpid/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 0249910..0000000
--- a/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.getpid/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Do not edit!
-define_automated_test_program(test.unit.unistd.getpid entry.c)
diff --git a/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.pathconf/CMakeLists.txt b/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.pathconf/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 8cf40cc..0000000
--- a/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.pathconf/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Do not edit!
-define_automated_test_program(test.unit.unistd.pathconf entry.c)
diff --git a/test/unit/test.unit.util.str/CMakeLists.txt b/test/unit/test.unit.util.str/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index b47517b..0000000
--- a/test/unit/test.unit.util.str/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Do not edit!
-define_automated_test_program(test.unit.util.str entry.c)
diff --git a/test/unit/unistd/CMakeLists.txt b/test/unit/unistd/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c5d8b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/unistd/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Remove this line if you edit the file, otherwise it will be overwritten
+add_subdirectory(gethostname)
+add_subdirectory(getpid)
+add_subdirectory(pathconf)
diff --git a/test/unit/unistd/gethostname/CMakeLists.txt b/test/unit/unistd/gethostname/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be636ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/unistd/gethostname/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Remove this line if you edit the file, otherwise it will be overwritten
+define_automated_test_program(test.unit.unistd.gethostname entry.c)
diff --git a/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.gethostname/entry.c b/test/unit/unistd/gethostname/entry.c
similarity index 96%
rename from test/unit/test.unit.unistd.gethostname/entry.c
rename to test/unit/unistd/gethostname/entry.c
index cc51966..759d958 100644
--- a/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.gethostname/entry.c
+++ b/test/unit/unistd/gethostname/entry.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #include <windows.h>
 
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv)
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 {
     int retCode = EXIT_SUCCESS;
     int verbosity = 2;
diff --git a/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.gethostname/implicit_link.c b/test/unit/unistd/gethostname/implicit_link.c
similarity index 99%
rename from test/unit/test.unit.unistd.gethostname/implicit_link.c
rename to test/unit/unistd/gethostname/implicit_link.c
index cfd8483..4d621c5 100644
--- a/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.gethostname/implicit_link.c
+++ b/test/unit/unistd/gethostname/implicit_link.c
@@ -7,3 +7,4 @@
 
 
 /* ///////////////////////////// end of file //////////////////////////// */
+
diff --git a/test/unit/unistd/getpid/CMakeLists.txt b/test/unit/unistd/getpid/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e740e32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/unistd/getpid/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Remove this line if you edit the file, otherwise it will be overwritten
+define_automated_test_program(test.unit.unistd.getpid entry.c)
diff --git a/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.getpid/entry.c b/test/unit/unistd/getpid/entry.c
similarity index 95%
rename from test/unit/test.unit.unistd.getpid/entry.c
rename to test/unit/unistd/getpid/entry.c
index 7b82132..58520cc 100644
--- a/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.getpid/entry.c
+++ b/test/unit/unistd/getpid/entry.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #include <windows.h>
 
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv)
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 {
     int retCode = EXIT_SUCCESS;
     int verbosity = 2;
diff --git a/test/unit/unistd/pathconf/CMakeLists.txt b/test/unit/unistd/pathconf/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67a097f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/unistd/pathconf/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Remove this line if you edit the file, otherwise it will be overwritten
+define_automated_test_program(test.unit.unistd.pathconf entry.c)
diff --git a/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.pathconf/entry.c b/test/unit/unistd/pathconf/entry.c
similarity index 98%
rename from test/unit/test.unit.unistd.pathconf/entry.c
rename to test/unit/unistd/pathconf/entry.c
index f6871e4..2ddfcb1 100644
--- a/test/unit/test.unit.unistd.pathconf/entry.c
+++ b/test/unit/unistd/pathconf/entry.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 #include <windows.h>
 
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv)
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 {
     int retCode = EXIT_SUCCESS;
     int verbosity = 2;
diff --git a/test/unit/test.unit.util.fs/CMakeLists.txt b/test/unit/util.fs/CMakeLists.txt
similarity index 100%
rename from test/unit/test.unit.util.fs/CMakeLists.txt
rename to test/unit/util.fs/CMakeLists.txt
diff --git a/test/unit/test.unit.util.fs/entry.cpp b/test/unit/util.fs/entry.cpp
similarity index 100%
rename from test/unit/test.unit.util.fs/entry.cpp
rename to test/unit/util.fs/entry.cpp
diff --git a/test/unit/util.str/CMakeLists.txt b/test/unit/util.str/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1fe14f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/unit/util.str/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# SIS:AUTO_GENERATED: Remove this line if you edit the file, otherwise it will be overwritten
+define_automated_test_program(test.unit.util.str entry.c)
diff --git a/test/unit/test.unit.util.str/entry.c b/test/unit/util.str/entry.c
similarity index 100%
rename from test/unit/test.unit.util.str/entry.c
rename to test/unit/util.str/entry.c