diff --git a/.changeset/dev-false-production-runtime.md b/.changeset/dev-false-production-runtime.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1bbced6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/dev-false-production-runtime.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'@solidjs/vite-plugin': patch
+---
+
+`dev: false` now serves Solid's production builds under `vite dev`, as documented (#62). The plugin already dropped its own `development` condition, but Vite's default `development|production` condition resolves to `development` in any non-production mode, so the client still pre-bundled `solid.dev.js` / `web.dev.js` and SSR loaded `server.dev.js`. With `dev: false` the plugin now rewrites that condition to `production` under `vite dev`; vitest runs and `vite build` keep Vite's default resolution. Vite conditions apply per environment, so other packages that ship a `development` export also get their production builds in that case. It also stops emitting HMR refresh wrappers and pre-bundling `solid-js/refresh`, because the production refresh runtime is an inert stub that only warns; edits fall back to a full reload. The diagnostics bridge also stays off with `dev: false` unless `observe` is on, since its channels exist only in the dev and observe builds.
diff --git a/examples/ssr/package.json b/examples/ssr/package.json
index 118f7cb..7bebe63 100644
--- a/examples/ssr/package.json
+++ b/examples/ssr/package.json
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
     "build:client": "vite build --outDir dist/client",
     "build:server": "vite build --ssr src/entry-server.tsx --outDir dist/server",
     "serve": "NODE_ENV=production node server.js",
-    "test": "node test/run.mjs && node test/boundary.mjs && node test/scan.mjs && node test/server-components-define.mjs && node test/ts-module-url.mjs"
+    "test": "node test/run.mjs && node test/boundary.mjs && node test/scan.mjs && node test/server-components-define.mjs && node test/ts-module-url.mjs && node test/dev-false.mjs"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "vite": "^8.2.1",
diff --git a/examples/ssr/test/dev-false.mjs b/examples/ssr/test/dev-false.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..301fae9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/ssr/test/dev-false.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+// Regression for #62. With `dev: false`, `vite dev` must resolve Solid's
+// production builds: the plugin drops its own `development` condition, but
+// Vite's default `development|production` token still resolves to
+// `development` in any non-production mode, so the client was pre-bundling
+// `dist/solid.dev.js` and SSR was loading `dist/server.dev.js`.
+//
+// Asserts, for client and SSR:
+//   - `dev: false` during `vite dev` (`command === 'serve'`, mode not
+//     `test`) rewrites that token to `production` and `resolveId('solid-js')`
+//     ends at `dist/solid.js` / `dist/server.js`,
+//   - default serve (`dev` unset and `dev: true`), `mode: 'test'` (including
+//     `dev: false`, which must not opt tests into the rewrite), and
+//     `vite build` leave the token alone. Resolution then follows Vite:
+//     `development` under serve (test mode also injects `browser`, so SSR
+//     lands on the browser dev build) and `production` under build.
+//
+// Serve goes through `pluginContainer.resolveId`. When the client optimizer
+// rewrites that id to a prebundle, the recorded `metadata.src` is the Solid
+// file it resolved. Build uses Vite's `createIdResolver` (`resolveId` against
+// the build config; `vite build` pins NODE_ENV=production). SSR externalizes
+// `solid-js` during build, so that case sets `ssr.noExternal` to ask the same
+// resolver for the file path. No browser.
+// Requires the plugin built (pnpm build at the repo root).
+// Usage: node test/dev-false.mjs
+
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
+import { mkdtempSync } from 'node:fs';
+import os from 'node:os';
+import path from 'node:path';
+import { createBuilder, createIdResolver, createServer } from 'vite';
+import solidPlugin from '@solidjs/vite-plugin';
+
+const exampleDir = path.dirname(path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)));
+const TOKEN = 'development|production';
+const CLIENT_PROD = '/dist/solid.js';
+const CLIENT_DEV = '/dist/solid.dev.js';
+const SSR_PROD = '/dist/server.js';
+const SSR_DEV = '/dist/server.dev.js';
+
+const results = [];
+function record(name, ok, detail = '') {
+  results.push({ name, ok, detail });
+  console.log(
+    `  [dev-false] ${ok ? 'PASS' : 'FAIL'} ${name}${detail && !ok ? ` — ${detail}` : ''}`,
+  );
+}
+
+function inlineConfig(solidOptions, { mode } = {}) {
+  return {
+    root: exampleDir,
+    configFile: false,
+    logLevel: 'silent',
+    ...(mode ? { mode } : {}),
+    plugins: [solidPlugin({ ssr: true, ...solidOptions })],
+    server: { middlewareMode: true, hmr: false, watch: null },
+    optimizeDeps: { noDiscovery: true },
+  };
+}
+
+function fileName(id) {
+  return String(id ?? '')
+    .split('?')[0]
+    .replace(/\\/g, '/');
+}
+
+/** Package file `resolveId` selected, following an optimized dep back to its src. */
+function packagePath(environment, resolved) {
+  const id = fileName(typeof resolved === 'string' ? resolved : resolved?.id);
+  if (id.includes('/node_modules/solid-js/dist/')) return id;
+  const meta = environment.depsOptimizer?.metadata;
+  const info = meta?.optimized?.['solid-js'] ?? meta?.discovered?.['solid-js'];
+  return fileName(info?.src || '');
+}
+
+function conditionsFollow(conditions, force) {
+  return force
+    ? conditions.includes('production') && !conditions.includes(TOKEN)
+    : conditions.includes(TOKEN) && !conditions.includes('production');
+}
+
+async function withNodeEnv(nodeEnv, fn) {
+  const before = process.env.NODE_ENV;
+  process.env.NODE_ENV = nodeEnv;
+  try {
+    return await fn();
+  } finally {
+    if (before === undefined) delete process.env.NODE_ENV;
+    else process.env.NODE_ENV = before;
+  }
+}
+
+async function resolveServe(solidOptions, { mode } = {}) {
+  // `vite dev` leaves NODE_ENV unset, and resolveConfig then pins development.
+  // A fresh cache so a previous case's prebundle can't answer this resolve.
+  return withNodeEnv('development', async () => {
+    const server = await createServer({
+      ...inlineConfig(solidOptions, { mode }),
+      cacheDir: mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'solid-dev-false-')),
+    });
+    try {
+      const [client, ssr] = await Promise.all([
+        server.environments.client.pluginContainer.resolveId('solid-js'),
+        server.environments.ssr.pluginContainer.resolveId('solid-js'),
+      ]);
+      return {
+        clientConditions: server.environments.client.config.resolve.conditions,
+        ssrConditions: server.environments.ssr.config.resolve.conditions,
+        client: packagePath(server.environments.client, client),
+        ssr: packagePath(server.environments.ssr, ssr),
+      };
+    } finally {
+      await server.close();
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+async function resolveBuild(solidOptions) {
+  // `vite build` pins NODE_ENV=production, which is what expands the token.
+  // `ssr.noExternal` only so the externalized SSR id is the file path; it
+  // does not rewrite conditions.
+  return withNodeEnv('production', async () => {
+    const builder = await createBuilder({
+      ...inlineConfig(solidOptions),
+      ssr: { noExternal: ['solid-js'] },
+    });
+    const resolveId = createIdResolver(builder.config);
+    const [client, ssr] = await Promise.all([
+      resolveId(builder.environments.client, 'solid-js'),
+      resolveId(builder.environments.ssr, 'solid-js'),
+    ]);
+    return {
+      clientConditions: builder.environments.client.config.resolve.conditions,
+      ssrConditions: builder.environments.ssr.config.resolve.conditions,
+      client: packagePath(builder.environments.client, client),
+      ssr: packagePath(builder.environments.ssr, ssr),
+    };
+  });
+}
+
+function check(name, result, { force, client, ssr }) {
+  const listed = `client [${result.clientConditions.join(', ')}] -> ${result.client}; ssr [${result.ssrConditions.join(', ')}] -> ${result.ssr}`;
+  record(
+    `${name}: client conditions ${force ? 'force production' : 'keep the token'}`,
+    conditionsFollow(result.clientConditions, force),
+    listed,
+  );
+  record(
+    `${name}: ssr conditions ${force ? 'force production' : 'keep the token'}`,
+    conditionsFollow(result.ssrConditions, force),
+    listed,
+  );
+  record(
+    `${name}: client resolveId ends at ${client}`,
+    result.client.endsWith(client),
+    result.client,
+  );
+  record(`${name}: ssr resolveId ends at ${ssr}`, result.ssr.endsWith(ssr), result.ssr);
+}
+
+const cases = [
+  {
+    name: 'vite dev with dev: false',
+    run: () => resolveServe({ dev: false }),
+    force: true,
+    client: CLIENT_PROD,
+    ssr: SSR_PROD,
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'vite dev (dev unset)',
+    run: () => resolveServe({}),
+    force: false,
+    client: CLIENT_DEV,
+    ssr: SSR_DEV,
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'vite dev with dev: true',
+    run: () => resolveServe({ dev: true }),
+    force: false,
+    client: CLIENT_DEV,
+    ssr: SSR_DEV,
+  },
+  {
+    name: "vite dev in mode 'test'",
+    run: () => resolveServe({}, { mode: 'test' }),
+    force: false,
+    client: CLIENT_DEV,
+    ssr: CLIENT_DEV,
+  },
+  {
+    name: "vite dev in mode 'test' with dev: false",
+    run: () => resolveServe({ dev: false }, { mode: 'test' }),
+    force: false,
+    client: CLIENT_DEV,
+    ssr: CLIENT_DEV,
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'vite build (dev unset)',
+    run: () => resolveBuild({}),
+    force: false,
+    client: CLIENT_PROD,
+    ssr: SSR_PROD,
+  },
+  {
+    name: 'vite build with dev: false',
+    run: () => resolveBuild({ dev: false }),
+    force: false,
+    client: CLIENT_PROD,
+    ssr: SSR_PROD,
+  },
+];
+
+for (const entry of cases) {
+  check(entry.name, await entry.run(), entry);
+}
+
+const failed = results.filter((r) => !r.ok);
+console.log(`\n${results.length - failed.length}/${results.length} dev-false assertions passed`);
+if (failed.length) {
+  console.log('\nFailures:');
+  for (const f of failed) console.log(`  ${f.name} — ${f.detail}`);
+}
+process.exit(failed.length ? 1 : 0);
diff --git a/src/index.ts b/src/index.ts
index cfc9af2..ced3064 100644
--- a/src/index.ts
+++ b/src/index.ts
@@ -1143,6 +1143,9 @@ export default function solidPlugin(options: Partial<Options> = {}): Plugin[] {
   // `start: true` is sugar for the empty options bag — one start mode,
   // two spellings — so normalize here and let everything downstream see a
   // single shape (`false` behaves exactly like omission).
+  // The diagnostics channels exist only in Solid's dev and observe builds.
+  const diagnosticsEnabled =
+    options.diagnostics !== false && (options.dev !== false || options.observe === true);
   const startOptions: StartOptions | null =
     options.start === true ? {} : options.start || null;
   const styleFilterOptions = startOptions?.css?.filter;
@@ -1177,6 +1180,7 @@ export default function solidPlugin(options: Partial<Options> = {}): Plugin[] {
 
   let needHmr = false;
   let replaceDev = false;
+  let forceProduction = false;
   let observe = false;
   // Resolved absolute path of the start-mode document shell (normalized to
   // forward slashes, matching Vite ids), reported back by the start plugin's
@@ -1382,6 +1386,7 @@ export default function solidPlugin(options: Partial<Options> = {}): Plugin[] {
       observe = options.observe === true;
       projectRoot = userConfig.root || projectRoot;
       isTestMode = userConfig.mode === 'test';
+      forceProduction = options.dev === false && command === 'serve' && !isTestMode;
       // Per-vitest-project posture: the client posture (browser conditions,
       // dom codegen, jsdom default) is right for DOM component tests but
       // wrong for server-runtime unit tests. A project that explicitly opts
@@ -1583,7 +1588,10 @@ export default function solidPlugin(options: Partial<Options> = {}): Plugin[] {
             // Dev refresh wrappers import the solid-js/refresh runtime in
             // every mode; pre-bundle it up front so its discovery doesn't
             // trigger a re-optimize + full reload on first use.
-            ...(command === 'serve' && options.hot !== false && !options.refresh?.disabled
+            ...(command === 'serve' &&
+            options.dev !== false &&
+            options.hot !== false &&
+            !options.refresh?.disabled
               ? [REFRESH_RUNTIME_SOURCE]
               : []),
             // The server-components client runtime is imported by the
@@ -1665,7 +1673,13 @@ export default function solidPlugin(options: Partial<Options> = {}): Plugin[] {
         // keep the default server conditions instead, so the framework's
         // real server build resolves (isServer true).
         ...(isTestMode && !serverTestPosture && !opts.isSsrTargetWebworker ? ['browser'] : []),
-        ...config.resolve.conditions,
+        // Vite's `development|production` resolves to `development` in any
+        // non-production mode, which would undo `dev: false` under `vite dev`.
+        ...(forceProduction
+          ? config.resolve.conditions.map((c) =>
+              c === 'development|production' ? 'production' : c,
+            )
+          : config.resolve.conditions),
       ];
 
       // Vite seeds only the `client` environment from the top-level
@@ -1842,6 +1856,8 @@ export default function solidPlugin(options: Partial<Options> = {}): Plugin[] {
       needHmr =
         config.command === 'serve' &&
         config.mode !== 'production' &&
+        // The production `solid-js/refresh` runtime is an inert stub.
+        options.dev !== false &&
         options.hot !== false &&
         !options.refresh?.disabled;
     },
@@ -2499,7 +2515,7 @@ export default manifest;`;
         serverComponents,
         ssr: !!options.ssr,
         styleFilter: filterDevStyles,
-        diagnostics: options.diagnostics ?? 'auto',
+        diagnostics: diagnosticsEnabled ? (options.diagnostics ?? 'auto') : false,
         performanceTracks: performanceTracksOptions !== null,
         onDocumentResolved(documentPath) {
           // Normalize to forward slashes to match Vite's transform ids.
@@ -2516,7 +2532,7 @@ export default manifest;`;
   // plugin no-ops itself for builds and preview via `apply`, and in the
   // default auto mode additionally disables itself unless the app has
   // `@solidjs/diagnostics` installed).
-  if (options.diagnostics !== false) {
+  if (diagnosticsEnabled) {
     plugins.push(solidDiagnostics(options.diagnostics === true ? true : 'auto'));
   }