The next need is driven by a larger goal of encouraging reproducible practices. At first glance, containers are a leap in the right direction. Given that all dependencies are packaged nicely, a container is very reproducible. Given this level of representation, a container gives the user absolutely everything - a complete operating system with data, libraries, and software. But this also means that we are producing heavy containers to serve a small amount of software. In terms of reproducibility, we have lost modularity because best practices implement a module on the level of an operating system, and not on the level of the software installed. There are several problems with this practice:
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