data.js

// Geothermal systems data - Auto-generated from CSV

const geothermalSystems = [
  {
    "id": 1,
    "name": "Ball State University",
    "location": "Muncie, Indiana",
    "lat": 40.1936892,
    "lng": -85.3865271,
    "systemType": "4gdhc",
    "status": "Operating: Construction 2009, Operation 2012",
    "description": "College campus",
    "siteType": "College campus",
    "capacity": "50 buildings, 5.6M sq ft",
    "buildings": "50",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Offsets 36,000 tons coal/year. Reductions: 75,000 tons CO2 (over half carbon footprint), 1,400 tons SO2, 240 tons NO2, 200 tons particulate matter, 80 tons CO, 3,600 tons coal ash",
    "operationalSuccesses": "45M gallons water saved/year. 500 billion BTU energy saved/year. $2.2-2.5M annual cost savings. Sells carbon credits: ~$800k as of 2018 for sustainability efforts. Created ~2,300 jobs during construction",
    "cost": "$83M",
    "funding": "State of Indiana: $45M initial (phase one), additional $33M requested. Recovery Act, U.S. DOE: $5M",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "3 fields, 3,600 boreholes total, 400-500 feet deep, 4-5 inch diameter. N/A waste heat",
    "distribution": "Freshwater. Unknown depth/length/diameter",
    "heatPump": "GSHP",
    "additionalInfo": "4GDHC with district energy stations containing heat pumps. Faced funding challenges. Faced challenges estimating heating/cooling demands - estimated heating dominated but actually cooling dominated. 13 buildings not yet connected (HVAC needs modification for hot water vs steam)",
    "contact": "James Lowe: jlowe@bsu.edu",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 2,
    "name": "Carleton College",
    "location": "Northfield, Minnesota",
    "lat": 44.4582041,
    "lng": -93.161159,
    "systemType": "4gdhc",
    "status": "Operating. Construction for the borefield began 2017, completed 2018. Construction for building renovations occured 2017 to 2021. Construction for energy station occured 2017, completed 2019. Distribution network construction began 2019, finished 2021. District energy system began operating 2021.",
    "description": "College campus",
    "siteType": "College campus",
    "capacity": "20 buildings",
    "buildings": "Approximately 20",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "2,000",
    "emissionsBenefits": "70% reduction in natural gas consumption. Scope 1 and 2 emissions (operational and purchased electricity) decreased by 71% the College's baseline reporting year of fiscal year 2008, accounting for changes due to the commercial-scale wind turbines, geothermal system, and \"greening\" of Xcel's electricity grid.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Decreased energy consumption by 46%. Anticipated 10-15% reduction in utility cost per square foot.",
    "cost": "$41M",
    "funding": "Unknown.",
    "ownership": "University/College",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Three borehole fields: Bell Field, Mini Bald Spot, and Bald Spot. Bell Field: 95 horizontal hores, 510 feet long. Mini Bald Spot: 77 vertical bores, 520 feet depth. Bald Spot: 134 vertical bores, 520 feet depth. Energy station with 800ton heat pump.",
    "distribution": "60 miles of piping.",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "On the coldest days of the region, the geothermal system will serve 20% of Carleton's heating load. On an annual basis, the system is expected to deliver 70% of the College's total heating and cooling energy. The geothermal system was also able to take advantage of existing geothermal resources based on its location.",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. Colleges see untapped potential in geothermal district energy systems (2022) 2. Carleton College Utility Master Plan 3. Sustainability at Carleton: Geothermal Campus"
  },
  {
    "id": 3,
    "name": "Colorado Mesa University",
    "location": "Grand Junction, Colorado",
    "lat": 39.0672568,
    "lng": -108.56448,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Operating: Networks installed 2007",
    "description": "College Campus",
    "siteType": "College Campus",
    "capacity": "16 buildings, 1.2M sq ft, ~110 acres",
    "buildings": "16",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Since 2012: no fuel-fired furnace/boiler. Reduced 17,742 metric tons CO2/year. Saved 705,986 therms natural gas/year",
    "operationalSuccesses": "$1.5M energy cost savings/year, nearly $12M since 2008. Provides 90% of energy. 10 kWh/sq ft/year, saves 14.86M electric kWh/year. Cost predictability enabled 3rd lowest combined fee rate among CO public colleges",
    "cost": "Total: $20.2M. System/loop: $3,284/ton and $30/ft",
    "funding": "University capital and grants. 2023: $6M from State of Colorado. 2024: $400k from Colorado Energy Office",
    "ownership": "Campus owned",
    "subscription": "Not applicable",
    "thermalResources": "9 loop fields, 471 boreholes, 375-600 feet deep, 2-in HDPE pipe. 5 cooling towers backup, 2 boiler plants backup",
    "distribution": "2.5 miles central distribution loop pipe, 18 in diameter",
    "heatPump": "Water source heat pump to water or air connected to central loop via 8 in HDPE",
    "additionalInfo": "CMU committed to connecting new buildings to geothermal system",
    "contact": "Kent Marsh: kmarsh3@coloradomesa.edu",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 4,
    "name": "Union Station Area Thermal Energy Network",
    "location": "New Haven, Connecticut",
    "lat": 41.3082138,
    "lng": -72.9250518,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Design Phase: Construction anticipated 2026-2028",
    "description": "Mixed: Commercial (train station) and Residential",
    "siteType": "Mixed: Commercial (train station) and Residential",
    "capacity": "Planned: Train station + 100 affordable housing units",
    "buildings": "Anticipated 100",
    "households": "Anticipated 100",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "EPA Climate Pollution Reduction Grant: $9.47M",
    "ownership": "Municipal",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Construction anticipated 2026, finish 2028",
    "contact": "Jeff Howard: jeff.l.howard@ct.gov",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 5,
    "name": "West Union Downtown/Green Streetscapes",
    "location": "West Union, Iowa",
    "lat": 42.9624184,
    "lng": -91.8076644,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Operating: Construction 2010, Operation 2014",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "Network, 12 buildings",
    "buildings": "12",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "2,500",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Decreased natural gas usage, exact GHG unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Plans for expansion. Pump house and distribution line vault installed in Lion's Park (potential 504 additional tons capacity). Geothermal pipes installed to curb line for 58 prospective users",
    "cost": "Capital: $10.2M total, network $2.2M. Annual operating: estimated $25k",
    "funding": "GSHP: USDA REAP grants/loans, Alliant Energy incentives/rebates. Network: DOE grant $1M, HUD Community Development Block Grant $1M, EPA $500k, Main Street Iowa $100k, Alliant Energy rebates",
    "ownership": "Co-op Utility: Municipality owned, leased month-to-month to WUDE LLC user group. Operator: Geothermal Eco Options (since 2020)",
    "subscription": "Connection inspection: $250. Monthly flat: $15. Per ton heating/cooling: $14 (2021), $10 (2024)",
    "thermalResources": "1 field, 132 boreholes, 300-ft deep. N/A waste heat",
    "distribution": "Glycol/water. Unknown depth/length. 2-6-in HDPE pipes depending on energy load",
    "heatPump": "GSHP",
    "additionalInfo": "Part of Green Streetscapes Project (porous paving, bioswales, civic plaza, sidewalks, street lighting). Prices decreased annually due to management and growing user base: tonnage fees dropped from $14 (2021) to $10 (2024)",
    "contact": "Steve Fate: stevefatellc@gmail.com",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 6,
    "name": "GTI Energy w/VGS",
    "location": "Hinesburg, Vermont",
    "lat": 44.329251,
    "lng": -73.111267,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Design Phase.",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "77 housing units.",
    "buildings": "Unknown, TBD.",
    "households": "77",
    "population": "Unknown, TBD.",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown, TBD.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown, TBD.",
    "cost": "Unknown, TBD.",
    "funding": "US DOE: $3M",
    "ownership": "Utility",
    "subscription": "Unknown, TBD.",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown, TBD.",
    "distribution": "Unknown, TBD.",
    "heatPump": "Unknown, TBD.",
    "additionalInfo": "Prior to the project, utility partner Vermont Gas Systems had announced a commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for its customers by 40% by 2030 and be net zero by 2050. VGS co-founded the Utility Networked Geothermal Collaborative (UNGC) in 2022 to transition the natural gas workfore to geothermal and build a community geothermal business model. The project is also assessing energy and environmental burdens by developing a community-informed geothermal system model that can be replicated in other communities.",
    "contact": "Kaushik Biswas, Eric Boria, Rohit Jogineedi, Ryan Kerr \u2013 GTI Energy. Morgan Hood \u2013 Vermont Gas Systems. Matt Mitchell, Shadi Abdel Haleem, Saqib Javed \u2013 National Renewable Energy Laboratory. George Martin, Greg Estep \u2013 LN Consulting",
    "sources": "1. Coalition For Community-Supported Affordable Geothermal Energy Systems (C2SAGES) (2024) 2. C2SAGES: Coalition for Community-Supported Affordable Geothermal Energy Systems 3. Community Geothermal: SOil Conductivity, Borehole Design, Energy Models, and Load Data for a Residential System Development - Hinesburg, VT"
  },
  {
    "id": 7,
    "name": "Nation Grid/Boston Gas",
    "location": "Boston, Massachusetts",
    "lat": 42.3588336,
    "lng": -71.0578303,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Construction anticipated to begin 2025",
    "description": "Federal Public Housing Buildings",
    "siteType": "Federal Public Housing Buildings",
    "capacity": "7 buildings.",
    "buildings": "7",
    "households": "129",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "N/A",
    "operationalSuccesses": "N/A",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "For individual building electriciation and hot water equipment upgrades: Federal Capital Fund Program. Massachusetts Energy Efficiency Programs will help cover energy efficiency investments. For the addition of electrical appliances, EPA's Environmental Justice Government-to-Government Program (EJG2G).",
    "ownership": "?",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "TBD.",
    "distribution": "TBD.",
    "heatPump": "TBD.",
    "additionalInfo": "Partnership between BHA, Codman Square Neighborhood Development Corportion (CSBDC) to identify electrificaiton retrofit units. BU to study indoor air quality. National Grid to develop network and thermal resources.",
    "contact": "Kenzie Bok, Administrator at Boston Housing Authority",
    "sources": "1. Boston Housing Authority National Grid Agree to Develop Networked Geothermal Heating at Franklin Field Apartments (Jan 2024)"
  },
  {
    "id": 8,
    "name": "Massachusetts Maritime Academy",
    "location": "Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts",
    "lat": 41.7452589,
    "lng": -70.6154965,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Operating: Original building built -- . Construction began --. Operation began 2021. More buildings are being connected.",
    "description": "College campus",
    "siteType": "College campus",
    "capacity": "1 building",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "University/College",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "257 boreholes distributed throughout parking lot and atheletic field.",
    "distribution": "Unknown.",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "The network was part of an effort to renovate and transition the campus towards more sustainable and energy efficient buildings. Building renovations, installment of solar, and installment of wind turbines also took place. To expand the capacity of the network, additional buildings will have heat pumps added.",
    "contact": "Tyler Patrick, Sasaki (Project Developer). Tamar Warbug, Sasaki (Project Developer).",
    "sources": "1. Sasaki Mass Maritime Academy Decarbonization and Master Plan 2. Mass Maritime Academy Capital Projects"
  },
  {
    "id": 9,
    "name": "Eversource",
    "location": "Framingham, Massachusetts",
    "lat": 42.2773177,
    "lng": -71.4165905,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Operating: Construction began 2022. Operation began 2025.",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "36 buildings.",
    "buildings": "36",
    "households": "125",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Anticipated 60% reduction of carbon emissions.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "20% decrease in monthly energy bills.",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Energy efficiency credits to offset costs of weatherization and installation in homes and businesses. DOE's GTO Community Geothermal Heating and Cooling Initiative, 7.8M grant.",
    "ownership": "Utility",
    "subscription": "$10/month.",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield. 90 boreholes. Vertically and directional/deviated drilling.",
    "distribution": "1 mile of distribution pipe length. 5-7 feet deep pipe. 20% glycol mix.",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "geothermal@eversource.com",
    "sources": "1. Framingham: Eversource Geothermal Pilot Program 2. Geothermal Pilot Reference Guide 3. Networked geothermal heating pilot to go online in Framingham, Massachusetts"
  },
  {
    "id": 10,
    "name": "Mount Holyoke College",
    "location": "South Hadley, Massachusetts",
    "lat": 42.2591392,
    "lng": -72.5751341,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Under Construction. Design began 2021. Construction began 2023. Project is set to be complete by 2030.",
    "description": "College campus",
    "siteType": "College campus",
    "capacity": "43 buildings. 1.6 million square feet.",
    "buildings": "43",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Anticipated 80% reduction of carbon emissions by 2030",
    "operationalSuccesses": "N/A",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "MassDevelopment: $154M tax-exempt bond.",
    "ownership": "University/College",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "230 boreholes. 600 feet deep.",
    "distribution": "26 miles of distribution pipe.",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "The network was pursued due to a 2018 directive to reach campus carbon neutrality by 2037. As of October, a significant amount of construction work lasting 2-6 weeks is occuring outside of campus buildings.",
    "contact": "Karla Youngblood, Associate Vice President for Facilities Management: kyoungblood@mtholyoke.edu",
    "sources": "1. Mount Holyoke Geothermal Project 2. Mount Holyoke College Pauses Plans to Build Hub for its $180M Geothermal Heating System"
  },
  {
    "id": 11,
    "name": "City of Ann Arbor",
    "location": "Ann Arbor, Michigan",
    "lat": 42.2813722,
    "lng": -83.7484616,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Pre Construction: Feasibility Studies began 2022. Design began 2024.",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "262 buildings.",
    "buildings": "268",
    "households": "262",
    "population": "120,000",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Anticpated 40% reduction in GHG emissions.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Anticipated reduction of thermal heating and cooling loads by 75%.",
    "cost": "Entire project estimate: $34, 396, 815. Unspecified if this also accounts for building rennovations.",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Municipal utility",
    "subscription": "TBD.",
    "thermalResources": "TBD.",
    "distribution": "TBD.",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "For the building renovations and home appliance upgrades, the cost significantly decreased due to accessible grants. For one resident, the work cost of $55,000 decreased to $0 and utility bills dropped frm $200 to $25. This has not yet accounted for connection to the network, or the installation of a GSHP system. The idea of installing a geothermal network was a pursued in part of the Ann Arbor's climate agenda: A2ZERO, the city's plan for a just transition to carbon neutrality by 2030. Neighborhood decarbonization had already been occuring in Bryant through the form of individual building renovations. Then, as the municipality was considering electrically powered ASHPs for cooling, they stumbled upon GENs.",
    "contact": "Joe Lange, Senior Energy Analyst at City of Ann Arbor, jlange@a2gov.org",
    "sources": "1. Building Decarbonization Coalition: Case Study for Ann Arbor, Michigan 2. Open EI: Community Geothermal, Energy, Cost, and Carbon Modeling for District Design - Ann Arbor Michigan 3. City of Ann Arbor Government Website: Geothermal Heating and Cooling"
  },
  {
    "id": 12,
    "name": "City of Rochester",
    "location": "Rochester, Minnesota",
    "lat": 44.0234387,
    "lng": -92.4630182,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Construction: Individual building renovations began 2023. Construction for TENs is occuring.",
    "description": "Government/municipal building",
    "siteType": "Government/municipal building",
    "capacity": "4 buildings, over 1 million square feet",
    "buildings": "4, planned.",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "$32M",
    "funding": "Unknown. Project was not eligible for general obligation bonds to maintain future private connections.",
    "ownership": "Public Utility (Rochester Public Utilities)",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Two boreholes to provide heating for the City Hall. Unknown if additional thermal resources will be added for the network.",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "The City of Rochester pursued this decarbonzation project after learning that the County steam line had reached the end of its useful life and would be decommissioned in October of 2023, which pushed them to implement a new strategy to heat and cool buildings. For future developments, the network can serve future developments on nearby private land. The City is also looking into potential green job training opportunities with renewable technologies and in building/energy efficiency operations. The City pursued geothermal developments through partnering with Darcy Solutions, a local business that had specialized in geothermal technology before.",
    "contact": "Former Rochester Sustainability and Housing Authority Manager: kevinbright@dmceda.org",
    "sources": "1. Rochester, Minnesota: A Model for Making Geothermal Energy Work in a City Context (2024) 2. Geothermal District Energy System Rochester 3. City of Rochester - News & Announcements"
  },
  {
    "id": 13,
    "name": "Montana State University",
    "location": "Bozeman, Montana",
    "lat": 45.6794293,
    "lng": -111.044047,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Operating. First building, Leon Johnson Hall, originally built in 1976 was retrofitted in 2007 to include a geothermal heat pump. In 2011, the University constructed its first campus energy district. In 2017, a separate energy district was developed in the south area of campus.",
    "description": "College campus",
    "siteType": "College campus",
    "capacity": "8 buildings, 650,000 square feet. Planned to expand to two new buildings in 2024-2025.",
    "buildings": "8 (2025)",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Total emissions savings unknown. For the Romeny Hall geothermal project alone, the systems is anticipated to reduce MSU's associated carbon emissions by 1M pounds of CO2 per year.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "For buildings connected to the geothermal energy network, building energy use intensity decreased by 25% from 2007 to 2023. As for cost savings, the first campus energy district saves an average of $130,000 annually.",
    "cost": "Costs as of 2025 are unknown. In 2020, $2.5M on a geothermal system for Romney Hall. In 2025, MSU announced $50.5M worth of energy efficiency work, of which $3.5M was on piping upgrades for the network and boreholes.",
    "funding": "Univeristy major infrastructure and energy improvement reserves. Fees tied to room and board and other services MSU charges are used to fund the project.",
    "ownership": "University/College",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Total 264 boreholes, 500-700 feet deep, 7in diameter.",
    "distribution": "5G ambient loop.",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "MSU uses the geothermal heat pump system as a learning opportunitiy, inviting students on tours for the utility tunnels and building mechanical spaces to learn about energy systems.",
    "contact": "Megan James, megan.james2@montana.edu",
    "sources": "1. US DOE Geothermal Heat Pump Case Study: MSU 2. Construction to begin on $2.5M geothermal system at MSU (2020) 3. Montana State Plans $50.5M worth of energy efficiency work"
  },
  {
    "id": 14,
    "name": "Hunt Country Vineyards",
    "location": "Branchport, New York",
    "lat": 42.5986805,
    "lng": -77.1538624,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began 2015.",
    "description": "Commercial",
    "siteType": "Commercial",
    "capacity": "3 building, 2,755 square feet",
    "buildings": "3",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Approximately $10,000-$12,500 in annual propane/fuel oil/electricity bills.",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "NYSERDA Grant: $102,000",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield, 8 boreholes, 375 feet deep.",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "GSHP system. 6 units.",
    "additionalInfo": "The building has also sought to install 348 PV panels to supply about 75% of the winery's electricity needs. They are also looking into using the geothermal system to chill wines.",
    "contact": "Vineyard Email: info@huntwines.com",
    "sources": "1. Hunt Country Vineyards, Branchport, NY"
  },
  {
    "id": 15,
    "name": "Alafia (Phase 1)",
    "location": "Brooklyn, New York",
    "lat": 40.6526006,
    "lng": -73.9497211,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Construction Phase, expected to be complete in 2025.",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "3 buildings.",
    "buildings": "3",
    "households": "550+",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "The design of the system, including waste water heat pumps, allowed for the number of planned boreholes to be reduced from 120 to 90. The modular design of the project also allows for scalable capacity as demand increases.",
    "cost": "$373M",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Public-private partnership",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield, 90 boreholes. Also sources from wastewater streams.",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Two heat pump models are used: Piranha T15HC, which delivers all-electric decarbonized Domestic Hot Water (DHW) production from wastewater, and SHARC660 Wastewater Energy Transfer (WET), which provides a heat source/sink to offset and condition the buildings' geothermal loop.",
    "additionalInfo": "N/A",
    "contact": "Vital Brooklyn Institute Contact Form",
    "sources": "1. Alafia: Electrified, Affordable, Scalable Brooklyn NY 2. Sharc Energy: Alafia, A Flagship for Equitable, Clean Energy Development in East New York"
  },
  {
    "id": 16,
    "name": "National Grid",
    "location": "Troy, New York",
    "lat": 42.7284117,
    "lng": -73.6917878,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Design Phase",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "TBD.",
    "buildings": "TBD",
    "households": "TBD",
    "population": "TBD",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "TBD",
    "funding": "TBD",
    "ownership": "Owned by Troy Local Development Corporation. Thermal energy will be sold to the utility for resale to thermal energy customers.",
    "subscription": "TBD",
    "thermalResources": "Borefield.",
    "distribution": "TBD",
    "heatPump": "TBD",
    "additionalInfo": "N/A",
    "contact": "TBD",
    "sources": "1. Upgrade NY, Nine Utility Thermal Energy Network Pilot Projects Advance, Moving New York Closer to Neighborhood-Scale Clean Heat and Cooling (2024)"
  },
  {
    "id": 17,
    "name": "National Grid",
    "location": "Brooklyn, New York",
    "lat": 40.6526006,
    "lng": -73.9497211,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Design Phase",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "TBD.",
    "buildings": "TBD",
    "households": "TBD",
    "population": "TBD",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "TBD",
    "funding": "TBD",
    "ownership": "TBD",
    "subscription": "TBD",
    "thermalResources": "Borefield.",
    "distribution": "TBD",
    "heatPump": "TBD",
    "additionalInfo": "N/A",
    "contact": "TBD",
    "sources": "1. Upgrade NY, Nine Utility Thermal Energy Network Pilot Projects Advance, Moving New York Closer to Neighborhood-Scale Clean Heat and Cooling (2024)"
  },
  {
    "id": 18,
    "name": "Con Edison",
    "location": "Mount Vernon, New York",
    "lat": 40.9125085,
    "lng": -73.8386504,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Design Phase",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "TBD.",
    "buildings": "TBD",
    "households": "TBD",
    "population": "TBD",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "TBD",
    "funding": "TBD",
    "ownership": "TBD",
    "subscription": "TBD",
    "thermalResources": "Borefield.",
    "distribution": "TBD",
    "heatPump": "TBD",
    "additionalInfo": "Targets an area with leak-prone gas pipe.",
    "contact": "TBD",
    "sources": "1. Upgrade NY, Nine Utility Thermal Energy Network Pilot Projects Advance, Moving New York Closer to Neighborhood-Scale Clean Heat and Cooling (2024)"
  },
  {
    "id": 19,
    "name": "NYSEG",
    "location": "Ithaca, New York",
    "lat": 42.4374175,
    "lng": -76.5483724,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Design Phase",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "TBD.",
    "buildings": "TBD",
    "households": "TBD",
    "population": "TBD",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "TBD",
    "funding": "TBD",
    "ownership": "TBD",
    "subscription": "TBD",
    "thermalResources": "Open-loop ground water heat exchanger and waste heat.",
    "distribution": "TBD",
    "heatPump": "TBD",
    "additionalInfo": "The open-loop heat exchanger will be a case study for future systems, as it may have a lower cost than traditional geothermal boreholes.",
    "contact": "TBD",
    "sources": "1. Upgrade NY, Nine Utility Thermal Energy Network Pilot Projects Advance, Moving New York Closer to Neighborhood-Scale Clean Heat and Cooling (2024)"
  },
  {
    "id": 20,
    "name": "O&R",
    "location": "Haverstraw, New York",
    "lat": 41.1976502,
    "lng": -73.9640541,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Design Phase",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "TBD.",
    "buildings": "TBD",
    "households": "TBD",
    "population": "TBD",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "TBD",
    "funding": "TBD",
    "ownership": "TBD",
    "subscription": "TBD",
    "thermalResources": "Borefield, exploring sewer main heat recovery.",
    "distribution": "TBD",
    "heatPump": "TBD",
    "additionalInfo": "The project will be pursued in two stages, with two separate thermal energy networks that may be interconnected in the future as additional customers are added to the system.",
    "contact": "TBD",
    "sources": "1. Upgrade NY, Nine Utility Thermal Energy Network Pilot Projects Advance, Moving New York Closer to Neighborhood-Scale Clean Heat and Cooling (2024)"
  },
  {
    "id": 21,
    "name": "RG&E",
    "location": "Rochester, New York",
    "lat": 43.157285,
    "lng": -77.615214,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Design Phase",
    "description": "Community, anchored by office building.",
    "siteType": "Community, anchored by office building.",
    "capacity": "TBD.",
    "buildings": "TBD",
    "households": "TBD",
    "population": "TBD",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "TBD",
    "funding": "TBD",
    "ownership": "TBD",
    "subscription": "TBD",
    "thermalResources": "Borefield.",
    "distribution": "TBD",
    "heatPump": "TBD",
    "additionalInfo": "N/A",
    "contact": "TBD",
    "sources": "1. Upgrade NY, Nine Utility Thermal Energy Network Pilot Projects Advance, Moving New York Closer to Neighborhood-Scale Clean Heat and Cooling (2024)"
  },
  {
    "id": 22,
    "name": "Oklahoma Baptist University Apartment Buildings",
    "location": "Shawnee, Oklahoma",
    "lat": 35.3272928,
    "lng": -96.9253004,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began 2013.",
    "description": "Residential building",
    "siteType": "Residential building",
    "capacity": "2 buildings",
    "buildings": "2",
    "households": "24",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private investment",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield, 70 boreholes, 400 foot depth.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP. 49 units.",
    "additionalInfo": "Geothermal system also includes energy recovery ventilator and internet-based energy management system.",
    "contact": "Developer, Comfortworks: (405) 455-8281",
    "sources": "1. Comfortworks: Oklahoma Baptist University Apartment Buildings"
  },
  {
    "id": 23,
    "name": "Whisper Valley",
    "location": "Austin, Texas",
    "lat": 30.2711286,
    "lng": -97.7436995,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Operating. Planning of Whisper Valley began in 2006. Operating since 2017. Phased expansion is still in continuation.",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "800+ homes currently connected, expected 7,500 buildings total to be connected.",
    "buildings": "800+",
    "households": "800+, with plans to expand.",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "The cooling/heating costs are stable and predictable for homeowners, reducing potential financial strain. The development process, where 200 homes are built per phase of construction, allows the developer to utilize economies of scale to their benefit, reducing the cost of convential geothermal heating and cooling by 50% per home.",
    "cost": "Unknown.",
    "funding": "Private investment. Initial construction is financed with industry-standard infrastructure debt. After the network is operational, transition towards long-term, permanent financing. The project is funded by specialized green infrastructure lenders like Locus impact and investors backed by insurance companies who \"appreciate the long-term... revenue\"",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "$60/month",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown.",
    "distribution": "Unknown.",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs. 1 heat pump system for each home, including a geothermal connection box and vertical U-loop on their property.",
    "additionalInfo": "Homeowners have recently raised concerns about costs for fixing the system (Sept. 2025)",
    "contact": "Whisper Valley Email: info@whispervalleyaustin.com",
    "sources": "1. Whisper Valley: How Our Innovative Geothermal Infrastructure Powers Zero Energy Capable Homes (2024) 2. Geothermal energy keeps utility bills low in this Texas neighborhood (2025) 3. BDC Case Study: Whisper Valley, Texas"
  },
  {
    "id": 24,
    "name": "Weber State University",
    "location": "Ogden, Utah",
    "lat": 41.2230048,
    "lng": -111.9738429,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Operating. Installment of water-source Hybrid Variable Refrigerant Flow heat pump systems in campus buildings began in 2015. Borehole drilling began in 2016.",
    "description": "College Campus",
    "siteType": "College Campus",
    "capacity": "Unknown.",
    "buildings": "Unknown. 63 buildings in total, 37% VRF.",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "The emissions savings of the geothermal system specfically is unknown. In WSU's Climate Action Plan, the college has a vision to achieve carbon neutrality by 2040.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown, TBD.",
    "cost": "Total cost unknown. Construction for one borefield was $500,000.",
    "funding": "As a part of WSU's Climate Action Plan, the college receives funding throuhg state capital improvement funds, internal capital development funds, state and federal grants, utility rebates, and WSU\u2019s revolving green fund. WSU was one of the first university to set an investment fund for energy saving and water-use projects in 2009. The green fund of $5 million, the university\u2019s cash management fund borrows from itself, runs the account into a deficit, then pays off the debt with annual energy savings and an additional 3% interest payment.",
    "ownership": "University/College",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "3 borefields, total boreholes unknown, 200-400 foot depth. There is interest in expanding with an addition 1/2 borefields.",
    "distribution": "1.5 miles of repurposed piping, originally constructed in the 1960s.",
    "heatPump": "Variable refrigerant flow heat pumps.",
    "additionalInfo": "The geothermal network is a part of WSU's Climate Action Plan. In addition to that project, WSU has minimized energy consumption with efficient windows, LED lighting, high insulation requirements, the installment of water-cooled ground-source VRF heat pumps, and energy recovery ventilation. Since 2009, the Unversity has recaptured over 21 million dollars in savings.",
    "contact": "Justin Owen, Sustainability Manager, 801-626-6421. Analeah Vaughn, Sustainability Engagement Coordinator, analeahvaughn@weber.edu",
    "sources": "1. Creating a More Sustainable College Campus with VRF Heat Pumps (2025) 2. WSU Digs 200 Deep-Water Wells to Help Save Energy (2016) 3. Weber State Turns to Water-Source Hybrid VRF Technology (2025) 4. From Energy Savings to Carbon Neutrality: Exploring Weber State University's Sustainability Success (2023) 5. Weber State University Sustainability Map 6. WSU's Climate Action Plan"
  },
  {
    "id": 25,
    "name": "Meriden Housing Authority (Yale Acres?)",
    "location": "Meriden, Connecticut",
    "lat": 41.5381535,
    "lng": -72.8070435,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Operating: Construction/Operation 2013",
    "description": "Residential Community",
    "siteType": "Residential Community",
    "capacity": "Three building district, plans to expand",
    "buildings": "3, soon to expand to 4",
    "households": "3, to expand to 4",
    "population": "Not applicable",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Privately owned by MHA",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "1 field, 10 boreholes. No waste heat",
    "distribution": "Geothermal borehole field. Water. Unknown depth/length/diameter",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Plan to expand from 4-building district to 49 buildings. Difficult to verify if occurred",
    "contact": "Rob Cappelletti: rcappelletti@meriden-ha.com, Jim Moran: jim@aeg.solutions",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 26,
    "name": "Avian Pointe",
    "location": "Apopka, Florida",
    "lat": 28.6732806,
    "lng": -81.5116471,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Operating: Operation 2024",
    "description": "Residential",
    "siteType": "Residential",
    "capacity": "Network, 7 buildings",
    "buildings": "7",
    "households": "276",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Projected 809 tons CO2 avoided annually",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Projected 30% reduction in resident energy costs (geothermal + rooftop solar PV)",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "TPG Real Estate Partners and Taurus Investment Holdings partnership",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "GSHP",
    "additionalInfo": "Takes advantage of Floridian Aquifer. Units powered by solar with EV charging",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 27,
    "name": "Santa Rosa Junior College",
    "location": "Santa Rosa, California",
    "lat": 38.4404925,
    "lng": -122.7141049,
    "systemType": "5gdhc",
    "status": "Operating",
    "description": "College Campus",
    "siteType": "College Campus",
    "capacity": "4 connected buildings",
    "buildings": "4 buildings: Burbank Theatre, Garcia Hall, Analy Hall, Forsyth Hall",
    "households": "Not applicable",
    "population": "Not applicable",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Building heating/cooling without fossil fuels",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Annual utility cost savings of $120,000",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Measure H bond (2014): $35.3 million split among various sustainability projects",
    "ownership": "Private, college owned",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Bailey Field borefield: over 300 boreholes, 400 feet deep",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Exploring connecting Pioneer Hall to Bertolini geothermal field and waste heat from Quinn Central Plant (2022)",
    "contact": "David Liebman: dliebman@santarosa.edu",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 28,
    "name": "Champlain College",
    "location": "Burlington, Vermont",
    "lat": 44.4761601,
    "lng": -73.212906,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. System began construction 2010, completed 2020.",
    "description": "College Campus",
    "siteType": "College Campus",
    "capacity": "8 buildings, with capacity to expand. Total 229,904 square feet.",
    "buildings": "8",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "2000 (estimated campus size, student body)",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "University/College",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield, -- boreholes, 300 foot depth for the open source loop to reach the aquifer.",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Each building has a GSHP system. Ex. Perry Hall has 37 heat pumps for transfer of energy throughout a building.",
    "additionalInfo": "N/A",
    "contact": "Sustain Champlain email: sustainchamplain@champlain.edu",
    "sources": "1. Vermont Community Thermal Networks Case Study: Champlain College 2. HEET Networked Geothermal Case Studies 3. Carleton College Presentation: Comparing Geothermal Systems Between Colleges 4. Champlain College: Geothermal Heating & Cooling"
  },
  {
    "id": 29,
    "name": "Elko County School District",
    "location": "Elko, Nevada",
    "lat": 41.1958128,
    "lng": -115.3272864,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Unable to find recent confirmation of operation. First well was drilled 1986.",
    "description": "K-12 School.",
    "siteType": "K-12 School.",
    "capacity": "16 buildings, 348,680 sq ft.",
    "buildings": "16",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "In 2002: savings realized by the system users were calculated as exceeding $285,000 annually. Noted that as natural gas prices have risen in recent years, those savings have increased.",
    "cost": "$1.5M total capital costs $75,000 annual operating cost.",
    "funding": "U.S. DOE: $250,000",
    "ownership": "Public Institution",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "1 geothermal well, drilled 1876 feet. Flow of 300 gpm of 190F water.",
    "distribution": "Well side and return loop.",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs. Plate and frame heat exchanger for space heating.",
    "additionalInfo": "There was interest in expanding the network to include serving the heating and cooling needs of a nearby old hosital that had been repurposed as an office building and a few new buildings on the Great Basin College (CBC) campus.",
    "contact": "Elko County School District Staff Contact Website",
    "sources": "1. Elko County School District Heating Systems: A Case Study (2004) 2. U.S. Geothermal District Heating: Barriers and Enablers (2005)"
  },
  {
    "id": 30,
    "name": "Elko District Heat",
    "location": "Elko, Nevada",
    "lat": 41.1958128,
    "lng": -115.3272864,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Unable to find recent confirmation of operation. First well was drilled 1979.",
    "description": "Commercial and Public",
    "siteType": "Commercial and Public",
    "capacity": "18 buildings,",
    "buildings": "19",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "No numbers were available for customer savings. It was noted that the project achieved success in reaching a broad customer base: while the system was originally designed with 3 in mind, the final number of connected customers was 19.",
    "cost": "$1.1M total capital cost. $281k (not included in the calculation of the total capital cost) was spent on building retrofits for three customers on the system, undisclosed amount for subsequent retrofits.",
    "funding": "U.S. DOE Field Experiments for Direct-Uses of Geothermal Energy: $827,000",
    "ownership": "Private Utility.",
    "subscription": "Customers are billed based on the gallons used: in 2004, rate was set for $1.50/1,000 gallon.",
    "thermalResources": "1 geothermal well, drilled to a depth of 869 feet. Hot water is produced by the well at 177F.",
    "distribution": "Total 9.358 feet distribution system of primarily asbestos concrete construction.",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs. Plate and frame heat exchanger.",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. Elko Heat Company District Heating System (2004)"
  },
  {
    "id": 31,
    "name": "Manzanita Estates and Warren Estates",
    "location": "Reno, Nevada",
    "lat": 39.5261788,
    "lng": -119.812658,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Decommissioned. Began operating in 1982.",
    "description": "Residential",
    "siteType": "Residential",
    "capacity": "Total: 110 homes. These are two separate district loops.",
    "buildings": "110",
    "households": "110",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "No numbers were available for customer savings. In 2007, Nevada State legislation granted the system energy credits, which allowed the system to gain another source of revenue.",
    "cost": "$1.4M total capital cost. Approx. $90k operating costs.",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Private: Public Utilities Commision of Nevada",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Two production wells drilled in 1982 and 1985. One injection well drilled in 1985.",
    "distribution": "Total 3 mile distribution loop.",
    "heatPump": "GSHP, one unit for each residential building.",
    "additionalInfo": "It is not clear whether the entire system is decomissioned, or if it's only the geothermal system for specific houses.",
    "contact": "Public Utilities Commission of Nevada",
    "sources": "1. Avalon Geothermal shuts down heating system, 75 Reno homes impacted (2024) 2. U.S. Geothermal District Heating: Barriers and Enablers (2008)"
  },
  {
    "id": 32,
    "name": "Gila Hot Springs Ranch",
    "location": "Gila Hot Springs, New Mexico",
    "lat": 33.1957621,
    "lng": -108.2069462,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began in the 1980s.",
    "description": "Mixed: Residential and Commercial",
    "siteType": "Mixed: Residential and Commercial",
    "capacity": "15 buildings, 100,000 square feet",
    "buildings": "15",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Estimated 30 year-round residents.",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Estimated annual savings of $54,000k",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Community owned. The community founded an S-Corporation (generally exempt from federal income tax other than tax on certain capital gains and passive income) and shares were solde to users.There are no user fees, but everyone chips in with maintenance and retrofits.",
    "subscription": "No user fees, all users will chip in for maintenance and retrofits.",
    "thermalResources": "1 production well with production of up to 100 gpm or 140F water.",
    "distribution": "6 mile distribution line.",
    "heatPump": "GSHP.",
    "additionalInfo": "The geothermal resource is also used as the communities' source for potable water. The quality of the water is clean and free of minerals.",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. New Mexico Earth Matters (2006) 2. U.S. Geothermal District Heating: Barriers and Enablers (2005)"
  },
  {
    "id": 33,
    "name": "New Mexico State University",
    "location": "Las Cruces, New Mexico",
    "lat": 32.3140354,
    "lng": -106.779807,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Decommissioned. Operation began in 1982, the buildings are now heated with natural gas instead.",
    "description": "College campus",
    "siteType": "College campus",
    "capacity": "30 buildings.",
    "buildings": "30",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Design and construction may have been funded by New Mexico State Legislature",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "2 production wells, providing 250 gpm of 140F water. One injection well.",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "GSHP",
    "additionalInfo": "The system was decommissioned in 2003 due to issues with maintenance and poor engineering. There was inadequate flow of hot water along with excessive sand in the pumped water, causing problems in the distribution network and unreliable service.",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. U.S. Geothermal District Heating: Barriers and Enablers (2005) 2. U.S. Geothermal District Heating Data"
  },
  {
    "id": 34,
    "name": "City of Klamath Falls DH",
    "location": "Klamath Falls, Oregon",
    "lat": 42.224867,
    "lng": -121.78167,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began in 1984.",
    "description": "Mixed: commercial, non-profit, and government facilities",
    "siteType": "Mixed: commercial, non-profit, and government facilities",
    "capacity": "23 buildings, and geothermal sidewalk and bridge snow melt systems.",
    "buildings": "23",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "N/A",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Noted by the City Manager that geothermal heating is more efficient than gas heating, as the net effective cost of geothermal heating is about half of what gas heating costs are. The return heat from the system is also used to heat streets, saving money on snow removal.",
    "cost": "Total capital costs: ~$2.58 million.",
    "funding": "PON program: $2M. Community Development Block Grant: $300,000. Orgeon State incentive programs for retrofits: Business Energy Tax Credit (a 35% tax credit available to taxable entities that connect to the system) and a Small Energy Loan Program that will loan the cost of connection to the potential geothermal customer. Klamath falls also offers incentives to new customers, providing a year of free heating and several years of discounted heat that is negotiated.",
    "ownership": "Municipality owned.",
    "subscription": "Rates were set at 80% of natural gas prices, which are now 70% as natural gas prices rise.",
    "thermalResources": "2 production wells: the first well at 334 feet, the second well at 367 feet. 1,200 gpm, 210F water provided.",
    "distribution": "2 miles of 8-inch and 12-inch supply and return pipeline.",
    "heatPump": "Heat exchanger",
    "additionalInfo": "The system has been breaking even for the last couple of years. Before that, it was subsidized by the city that provided maintenance manpower from the City\u2019s sewer and water divisions. Even though the system is no longer run at a loss, the current revenue is not enough to cover projected capital needs. Nevertheless, the City believes that the resource is valuable enough to keep using it.",
    "contact": "CityPublicWorks@klamathfalls.city",
    "sources": "1. U.S. Geothermal District Heating: Barriers and Enablers (2008) 2. City of Klamath Geothermal"
  },
  {
    "id": 35,
    "name": "Lakeview Prison",
    "location": "Lakeview, Oregon",
    "lat": 42.1887721,
    "lng": -120.345792,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began in 2005.",
    "description": "Commercial",
    "siteType": "Commercial",
    "capacity": "1 building, 117,000 square feet.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "400 bed correctional facility.",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "The town supplemented the capital costs to oversize the system's capacity to enable expansion of the system in the future. The facility staff estimated that the geothermal system saves them about $180,000 annually, and the savgings may have also been greater than that. The income from the correctional facility covers the operational costs for the system. The town also received an Oregon Energy Trust Grant to do a feasibility study of producing electricity from the geothermal well used for the district heating system.",
    "cost": "Total capital costs: $1.2 M.",
    "funding": "State of Oregon: paid for most of the geothermal system development as an economic development project for Lakeview. Business Energy Tax Credit, which amount to about 35% of the investment. Although the town is a municipality and does not pay taxes, the credits are resalable to the market and were sold to COSTCO for $409,000.",
    "ownership": "Owned by town of lakeview.",
    "subscription": "The correctional facility pays reduced heating rates.",
    "thermalResources": "1 production well, 600 feet deep, producing water at 206F at about 140 gpm. 1 injection well.",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Heat exchanger",
    "additionalInfo": "In 2024, the town was selected by the Oregon DOE to receive Community Renewable Energy Grant Program funds and was awarded $100,000. They are exploring the connection of multiple existing thermal energy networks and future ones.",
    "contact": "Town of Lakeview",
    "sources": "1. U.S. Geothermal District Heating: Barriers and Enablers (2008) 2. Lakeview, Oregon awards geothermal consultancy contract to Jacobs (2024)"
  },
  {
    "id": 36,
    "name": "Lakeview District Hospitals and Lakeview Schools",
    "location": "Lakeview, Oregon",
    "lat": 42.1887721,
    "lng": -120.345792,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began in 2013.",
    "description": "Commerical",
    "siteType": "Commerical",
    "capacity": "6 buildings",
    "buildings": "6, 5 schools and 1 hospital",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Reduces carbon emissions from Lakeview school buildings, along, by 800 tons each year.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Based on current fuel prices, it was estimated that the Lake Health District can save $200,000 and the school district may save approximately $150,000 per year on fuel costs for heating.The hospital plans to fund a new MRI with the savings they have already achieved through the adoption of this renewable energy system, and the school district will reinvest its savings into additional resources and teachers for its students.",
    "cost": "Total capital cost: unknown.",
    "funding": "40-year, $2.665 million USDA Rural Development Community Facilities Direct Loan.",
    "ownership": "Owned by town of lakeview.",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown",
    "distribution": "20,000 feet of piping.",
    "heatPump": "Heat exchanger",
    "additionalInfo": "The low interest rates from the USDA program will allow the community to save approximately $350,000 annually after loan payments. It was also anticipated that the system was designed to have the capacity to accommodate other local users in the future.",
    "contact": "Town of Lakeview",
    "sources": "1. U.S. Geothermal District Heating: Barriers and Enablers (2008) 2. Small Town Reduces Energy Costs, Air Pollution with Geothermal Heating (2014)"
  },
  {
    "id": 37,
    "name": "Oregon Institute of Technology",
    "location": "Klamath Falls, Oregon",
    "lat": 42.224867,
    "lng": -121.78167,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began in 1960s, system is going through renovations.",
    "description": "College Campus",
    "siteType": "College Campus",
    "capacity": "12 buildings, 763,400 square feet.",
    "buildings": "12",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Estimated annual savings of $1.3M. There have also been plans to expand to other geothermal projects.",
    "cost": "Total capital cost: unknown. Annual operating costs: $50,000.",
    "funding": "Original system, unknown. For renovations of the geothermal system, state bond funding of $18.2M",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "3 production wells between 1200 and 1800 feet (365 and 550 m) deep were drilled, producing 192F water at a maximum flow of 600 gpm (38 L/s). 2 injection wells. Absorption chiller for cooling.",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Heat exchanger",
    "additionalInfo": "N/A",
    "contact": "John Lund",
    "sources": "1. U.S. Geothermal District Heating: Barriers and Enablers (2008) 2. Oregon Tech awarded $18M for geothermal project (2023)"
  },
  {
    "id": 38,
    "name": "Midland District Heat",
    "location": "Midland, South Dakota",
    "lat": 44.071654,
    "lng": -101.155418,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began in 1969. (As of 2008, unable to find more recent sources)",
    "description": "Mixed: Commercial, Public, and Residential",
    "siteType": "Mixed: Commercial, Public, and Residential",
    "capacity": "~12 buildings, added incrementally",
    "buildings": "~12",
    "households": "1",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Switched the town away from propane and fuel oil.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Capital cost unknown. Annual operating costs of $1,800.",
    "funding": "Received federal assistance, including a Farm Home Administration grant to construct the system.",
    "ownership": "Town owned.",
    "subscription": "First three years: flat fee of $150 per year. After that, the rate increase to $300 per year. If a building owner operates more than one building on the system, he/she pays half price for the second building.",
    "thermalResources": "1 production well, 3,300 feet deep and produces 180 gpm.",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "The buildings that are connected include two school buildings, a church, campground buildings and pool, car wash, four downtown buildings, and about 12 residential buildings added to the system in 2002.",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. Geo-heat Center Quarterly Bulletin (2012) 2. U.S. Geothermal District Heating: Barriers and Enablers (2008)"
  },
  {
    "id": 39,
    "name": "Philip District Heating",
    "location": "Philip, South Dakota",
    "lat": 44.039433,
    "lng": -101.665144,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began in 1982, expanded to include a local hospital in 2012.",
    "description": "Mixed: Commerical and Public",
    "siteType": "Mixed: Commerical and Public",
    "capacity": "14 buildings, over 50,000 square feet.",
    "buildings": "14",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "$1.2M.",
    "funding": "77% was paid by the U.S. DOE as a cost share project.",
    "ownership": "Community owned",
    "subscription": "Monthly rate paid to the school for hot water is $6,500, split among district members based on use.",
    "thermalResources": "1 production well, 4,200 ft with maximum flow of 340 gpm.",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "Other entities in town had expressed interest in joining after rising propane prices. The system runs on a seasonal basis: it is shut off at spring and turned back on in the fall by the school janitor.",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. U.S. Geothermal District Heating: Barriers and Enablers (2008) 2. Geothermal Use in the Dakotas (2012)"
  },
  {
    "id": 40,
    "name": "Pagosa Springs District Heating",
    "location": "Pagosa Springs, Colorado",
    "lat": 37.2695661,
    "lng": -107.010816,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Original system, including geothermal wells, heat exchanger, and distribution piping network, was constructed in 1981. Since then, there has been minimal changes, outside of some pipe connection replacements. As of 2020, there are suggestions to upgrade the distribution network, heat exchangers, and geothermal wells.",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "32 buildings",
    "buildings": "32",
    "households": "32",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "The system utilizes the regions abundant geothermal resources.",
    "cost": "Total: $4M (FY2020)",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Thermal utility",
    "subscription": "Tap fee: $5,000. 2024 residential rate: $61.20/month. 2024 commercial rate: based on square footage.",
    "thermalResources": "Three geothermal wells in total. Two are in active use, with one having not been in operation in years.",
    "distribution": "3.4 miles of distribution and return lines. Piping is Transite, a concrete-asbestos composite.",
    "heatPump": "HE. Temperature sensors replaced in 2019.",
    "additionalInfo": "Potential improvements to the existing system, running close to its end date, included looking into drilling new wells, making a reinjection system. The best option was to add insulated piping to increase system capacity by about 10 customers. The system only operates during months when heating is necessary, around October to April.",
    "contact": "Pagosa Springs Public Works Director: 970-264-4151",
    "sources": "1. Town of Pagosa Springs Geothermal Heating District 2. Pagosa Springs Agenda Brief, Geothermal Report (2020)"
  },
  {
    "id": 41,
    "name": "Boise City District Heating",
    "location": "Boise, Idaho",
    "lat": 43.6166163,
    "lng": -116.200886,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: System operation began in 1980s,",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "91+ buildings, 6,000,000+ square feet",
    "buildings": "91",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Replaced typical fossil-fuel or hydropower-generated electricity.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "An injection well was completed in 1999 to address concerns about aquifer decline, which restored water elevation. This allowed for the City of Boise System to expand to the Boise State Univeristy Campum, where 9 buildings are connected with additonal in the planning stage.",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Municipal owned thermal utility",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Three wells, 2,300 foot depth, production tempeartures of 165-177 degrees F.",
    "distribution": "4.5 miles.",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "A third well, drilled but not used since the 1980s, is being considered for use.",
    "contact": "City of Boise, Department of Public Works.",
    "sources": "1. The Nation's Oldest and Largest Geothermal District Heating System (2017) 2. City of Boise Geothermal District Heating System (2006)"
  },
  {
    "id": 42,
    "name": "Fort Boise Veteran's Hospital",
    "location": "Boise, Idaho",
    "lat": 43.6166163,
    "lng": -116.200886,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: System operation began in 1980s,",
    "description": "Government facility",
    "siteType": "Government facility",
    "capacity": "19 buildings, 500,000 square feet.",
    "buildings": "19",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Replaced typical fossil-fuel or hydropower-generated electricity.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Municipal?",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Two wells: one production and one injection well. Production well produces at temperature of 161 to 167F. Injection well temperatures range from 134 to 140F.",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Second injection well is being explored to allow for the future expansion of the system. There are over 50 buildings in the VA Hospital Complex, of which many could be retrofitted to connect to the geothermal system.",
    "contact": "City of Boise, Department of Public Works.",
    "sources": "1. The Nation's Oldest and Largest Geothermal District Heating System (2017) 2. Production, temperature, and water level data for the four heating systems in the Boise Front Low Temperature Geothermal Resource Area, 1977-1997"
  },
  {
    "id": 43,
    "name": "Idaho Capitol Mall",
    "location": "Boise, Idaho",
    "lat": 43.6166163,
    "lng": -116.200886,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: System operation began in 1980s,",
    "description": "Commercial",
    "siteType": "Commercial",
    "capacity": "12 buildings, 800,000 square feet",
    "buildings": "12",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Replaced typical fossil-fuel or hydropower-generated electricity.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Spent thermal water is used to heat outdoor walkways and ramps before injection back into the well. The system provides for 90% of the heating requirement for the Capitol Mall complex.",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Municipal?",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Two wells: one at 2150 depth, second drilled for injection to depth of 3030 feet.",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "N/A",
    "contact": "City of Boise, Department of Public Works.",
    "sources": "1. The Nation's Oldest and Largest Geothermal District Heating System (2017) 2. Production, temperature, and water level data for the four heating systems in the Boise Front Low Temperature Geothermal Resource Area, 1977-1997"
  },
  {
    "id": 44,
    "name": "Kanaka Rapids Ranch",
    "location": "Buhl, Idaho",
    "lat": 42.5990714,
    "lng": -114.7594946,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Unknown: System began operating in 1989. In 1994, the homeowners in the subdivision housing community founding the water company Homeowners' Water System, Inc., to own and operate the geothermal system.",
    "description": "Residential",
    "siteType": "Residential",
    "capacity": "42 buidlings",
    "buildings": "42",
    "households": "42, with potential to serve up to 120 users.",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Substitute fuels included natural gas and electricity.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Current average growth rate is about four to five new users each year.",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Community",
    "subscription": "$500 connection fee. Each home pays $120 annual fee to use the geothermal system.",
    "thermalResources": "Two wells, 900 feet deep. Open loop.",
    "distribution": "4.7 miles.",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "To maintain the system, the former president stated that raising revenue rates were required as current revenues were not enough. The ideal rate was $52 per month per user.",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. U.S. Geothermal District Heating: Barriers and Enablers (2008)"
  },
  {
    "id": 45,
    "name": "Ketchum District Heating",
    "location": "Ketchum, Idaho",
    "lat": 43.680741,
    "lng": -114.363662,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "No longer operating, unsure why.",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "60 buildings",
    "buildings": "60",
    "households": "60",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Unknown",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Geothermal water from Guyer Hot Springs",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. Idaho Geothermal History: A Detailed History"
  },
  {
    "id": 46,
    "name": "Warm Springs Water District",
    "location": "Boise, Idaho",
    "lat": 43.6166163,
    "lng": -116.200886,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Well construction began 1890. System began operation in 1892.",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "300 buildings",
    "buildings": "300+",
    "households": "300+",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Municipal Utility: Boise Warm Springs Water District System",
    "subscription": "For customers using water meters, they pay $1.18 per gallon of water used. Other customers use an orifice rate system where rates depend on the diameter of their distribution line, which vary from $380-$1200 a year.",
    "thermalResources": "Two production wells, 500 feet deep, supply 172-178F water.",
    "distribution": "4 miles.",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "Boise Warm Springs Water District: manager@bwswd.com",
    "sources": "1. The Nation's Oldest and Largest Geothermal District Heating System (2017) 2. The Inside Scoop on Boise's Geothermal Heat"
  },
  {
    "id": 47,
    "name": "San Bernardino District Heating",
    "location": "San Bernardino, California",
    "lat": 34.8253019,
    "lng": -116.0833144,
    "systemType": "4gdhc",
    "status": "Unknown",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "37 buildings",
    "buildings": "Unknown",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Municipality Owned",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 48,
    "name": "Susanville District Heating",
    "location": "Susanville, California",
    "lat": 40.4162842,
    "lng": -120.653006,
    "systemType": "4gdhc",
    "status": "Decomissioned. FIled for project interest in 1978. Granted US DOE Funding 1979. System operation begand 1982.",
    "description": "Municipal buildings",
    "siteType": "Municipal buildings",
    "capacity": "17 buildings.",
    "buildings": "17",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "$2M (FY1981)",
    "funding": "Partial funding thorugh US DOE",
    "ownership": "Municipality Owned",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Two production wells, linked to geothermal reservoir",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "City of Susanville, Water & Natural Gas Services Contact: admin@cityofsusanville.org",
    "sources": "1. Geo-Heat Center: City of Susanville Geothermal Energy Project (1981) 2. Assessing California's Population of Low-Temperature Geothermal Wells for Plugging and Abandonment: Research and Analaysis on Long-Term Idle Wells (Sept. 2023)"
  },
  {
    "id": 49,
    "name": "Canby/TSOT District Heating System",
    "location": "Canby, California",
    "lat": 41.4437857,
    "lng": -120.8702518,
    "systemType": "4gdhc",
    "status": "Unknown. Feasibility studies and environmental impact assessment began 2003. Project development plans released 2009. Decision to commence with the project was expected for 2013, but unsure of status.",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "Unknown",
    "buildings": "Unknown",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "$2.4M (FY2003)",
    "funding": "Partial funding thorugh NREL",
    "ownership": "Privately owned",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Two production wells, 4,000 foot depth. Linked by 2,900 foot underground pipeline.",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "Canby Community Services District, Bonnie Sherer: bsherer@frontiernet.net",
    "sources": "1. US DOE Canby Cascaded Geothermal Project Phase 1 Feasibility Report, April 2013 2. Canby Geothermal Development Project 3. MODOC LAFCo"
  },
  {
    "id": 50,
    "name": "Modoc Joint Unified School District (Alturas)",
    "location": "Modoc County, California",
    "lat": 41.5450487,
    "lng": -120.7435998,
    "systemType": "4gdhc",
    "status": "Operating. Original geothermal system was from 1992. Geothermal heating for three schools' buildings was completed in 2018. Building retrofits occured after the introduction of the geothermal system, completed in 2019.",
    "description": "School",
    "siteType": "School",
    "capacity": "3 school campuses.",
    "buildings": "3 school campuses. 2018, expanded to include community medical center. Interest in expanding to community senior housing center.",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "8000 students",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Reduced the school districts' annual diesel fuel oil usage by 30,000 gallons. Reduced Last Frontier Healthcase District (LFHD) diesel fuel oil usage by 12,400 gallons per year. Equivalent to a total annual reduction of 451 metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Savings for 2018-2019, when the geothermal heating system was introduced, was about $70,000. Estimated savings for 2019-2020, when build renovations for the campuses were projected to be complete, was $85,000. The school district would also sell geothermal heat to the community medical center, resulting in approximately $20,000 annual additional revenue for the school district. MJUSD is estimated to save $6.5 million in energy costs over the life of the system, which is likely to last as long as 30 years. MJUSD plans to use the savings to fund a variety of things including: field trips to colleges, increase student access to technology, provide professional development for staff, hire additional staff to meet the increasingly complex needs of students, and fund field trips to enhance student career options. The revenues received from LFHD will go into the school district general fund and be available to purchase equipment, supplies, books, and technology. MJUSD also plans to use the heating system to help teach students about geothermal resources and their applications. Kindergarten through high school students will be able to learn about geothermal resources in the classroom and see how a functioning system operates.",
    "cost": "$5M (FY2018): Building renovations for each school campus and new geothermal piping connection to neighboring medical facility.",
    "funding": "California Energy Commision: $4M. Match funding: $1M",
    "ownership": "Municipality Owned",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "One production well and one injection well.",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "1992 system had piping and hydronic fan-coils. The fans were later activated during the 2018 renovations and paired with split-system rooftop heat pump condensing units to provide space cooling and air-source heat pump heating. Most school buildings used coil heat exchangers.",
    "additionalInfo": "There are potential opportunities to connect the district heating system to the high school campus greenhouse and a planned senior center. The project developers also noted that retrofitting the existing building systems as much as possible and using existing equipment from 1992 did reduce costs, but resulted in extended project time, required coordination between designers and contractors during the installation process, and had unexpected delays due to the need to repair or replacement of the old pipes and equipment. Prior to the building retrofits, the geothermal system only operated at 60% of its potential.",
    "contact": "William Teuscher, Utility Manager: wteuscher@modoc.k12.ca.us",
    "sources": "1. CEC Modoc Joint Unified School District Geothermal Expansion Project 2. State Grants Promote Modoc County Geothermal Development (2014)"
  },
  {
    "id": 51,
    "name": "Robins Air Force Base",
    "location": "Houston County, Georgia",
    "lat": 32.4659752,
    "lng": -83.631394,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Operation 2015",
    "description": "Military facility",
    "siteType": "Military facility",
    "capacity": "4 buildings, 500,000 sq ft",
    "buildings": "N/A, individual building systems",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "N/A",
    "operationalSuccesses": "80-90% energy savings for water heating",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Stainless steel heat exchangers in lake",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "WSHP",
    "additionalInfo": "Geothermal includes desuperheater to preheat domestic hot water using rejected condenser heat. Water spray fountain in lake to cool if necessary",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 52,
    "name": "University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Leon County Extension",
    "location": "Tallahassee, Florida",
    "lat": 30.4380832,
    "lng": -84.2809332,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Operation 2012",
    "description": "Office building",
    "siteType": "Office building",
    "capacity": "Individual building",
    "buildings": "7 (appears copied from previous)",
    "households": "276 (appears copied from previous)",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Over 30-year life: 1185 metric tons CO2 avoided",
    "operationalSuccesses": "40% energy savings vs traditional HVAC. 1/10 maintenance costs. Borefield virtually zero maintenance except annual fluid test",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Leon County Government funds and grants, including $178k state-allocated federal funding",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 field, 3 individual loop zones, 60 vertical wells ~90 feet deep. Waste heat used (see additional info)",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP",
    "additionalInfo": "Construction took 6 weeks. Added with solar PV and lighting retrofits. Uses recovered waste heat from GSHP for kitchen hot water",
    "contact": "Maggie Theriot: theriotm@leoncountyfl.gov",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 53,
    "name": "Marine Corps Logistics Base\u2013Albany",
    "location": "Albany, Georgia",
    "lat": 31.5782062,
    "lng": -84.1556809,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Operation 2015",
    "description": "Military Base",
    "siteType": "Military Base",
    "capacity": "Individual building: 3-story, 168,000 sq ft",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "~800",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "47.5% energy reduction vs conventional HVAC. 15.1% reduction vs conventional geothermal without BTES. 30% reduced electricity bill. 20% lower installation cost than conventional closed-loop GSHP",
    "cost": "Total unknown. System installation: $5.1M",
    "funding": "Private",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 field, 306 boreholes, 210 feet deep, concentrically zoned. Waste heat (see additional info)",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "5 GSHP, modular",
    "additionalInfo": "GSHP with two adiabatic dry coolers replacing cooling tower. Store cold winter air for summer, reject excess summer heat. Saved 4.2M gallons HVAC water in first year, eliminated water treatment system",
    "contact": "Timothy Tetreault: timothy.j.tetreault.civ@mail.mil",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 54,
    "name": "PCC Austin Family Health Center",
    "location": "Chicago, Illinois",
    "lat": 41.8755616,
    "lng": -87.6244212,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Construction 2007, Operation 2008",
    "description": "Medical Facility",
    "siteType": "Medical Facility",
    "capacity": "1 building, 18,300 sq ft",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Projected 180,000 kWh/year energy savings vs air-source heat pump with electric resistance backup (ASHRAE 90.1). Projected 57% energy cost savings vs air-source system",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 field, 7 boreholes, 650 feet deep each. N/A waste heat",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP",
    "additionalInfo": "Energy recovery ventilators reduced calculated thermal load ~25-30%, reducing required equipment and loop field capacity",
    "contact": "Mark Nussbaum: mark@ace-oakpark.com",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 55,
    "name": "Norton Commons",
    "location": "Prospect, Kentucky",
    "lat": 38.3459615,
    "lng": -85.6046048,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Operation 2018",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "1,200 buildings, 500,000 sq ft commercial space",
    "buildings": "N/A, GSHP for each residential building",
    "households": "1200",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Avoided excessive sound pollution. Houses designed 6 feet apart. Traditional HVAC condensers/compressors (60-65 dB) would cause sound pollution",
    "cost": "Unknown. Costs integrated into construction (greenfield)",
    "funding": "Private. Residential Renewable Energy Tax Credit",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "N/A",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP, borehole for each house",
    "additionalInfo": "N/A",
    "contact": "Marilyn Patterson: MPatterson@NortonCommons.com",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 56,
    "name": "Ida Public Schools and Veregy",
    "location": "Monroe County, Michigan",
    "lat": 41.9153358,
    "lng": -83.5135665,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Construction began 2023. Anticipated completion 2024.",
    "description": "K-12 School.",
    "siteType": "K-12 School.",
    "capacity": "2 buildings.",
    "buildings": "N/A",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "1st Year Guaranteed Energy & Operations Savings: $298,460",
    "cost": "Estimated contract amount: $8M",
    "funding": "IRA Tax Credit: $2.86M",
    "ownership": "Public institution",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "2 borefields. 172 total boreholes, 300 feet deep.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "HVAC systems for these schools, is used until failed, would likely force emergency school closings and the displacement of students during colder winter months. The new geothermal system was able to replace the HVAC system without increasing utility costs.",
    "contact": "VEREGY.COM: 800.460.0995",
    "sources": "1. Michigan in Partnership with Ida Public Schools"
  },
  {
    "id": 57,
    "name": "Farmington Hills JST Corporation Office Park",
    "location": "Farmington Hills, Michigan",
    "lat": 42.4853125,
    "lng": -83.3771553,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Under Construction.",
    "description": "Office building.",
    "siteType": "Office building.",
    "capacity": "1 building.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown.",
    "cost": "Unknown.",
    "funding": "Unknown.",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "72 boreholes, 455 feet deep.",
    "distribution": "16 miles of distribution pipe.",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "The building is expected to exceed Diamond LEED standards. The geothermal system also faced installment challenges as the land could not be cleared or trees could not be cut down, making it logistically complex to locate the wells.",
    "contact": "Unknown.",
    "sources": "1. How Culture and Nature Shaped the Vision for One of Michigan's Most Sustainable Engineering Projects (2025) 2. Farmington Hills development in forst is greenest build in Michigan (2023)"
  },
  {
    "id": 58,
    "name": "Rototec LLC, Ranson Elementary School",
    "location": "Ranson, West Virginia",
    "lat": 39.2952821,
    "lng": -77.8603829,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating.",
    "description": "School",
    "siteType": "School",
    "capacity": "1 building, 70,580, single floor.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "450 students, with plans to expand to 600.",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "The geothermal HVAC system was able to accomodate the HVAC needs of the future building additions.",
    "cost": "Total cost of the geothermal system is unknown. The construction of the new buildings had an estimated budget of $34M",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Public institution.",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield, 72 geothermal wells.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "Developer, Rototec: info@rototecusa.com",
    "sources": "1. New Ranson Elementary Dedicated (2024) 2. ROTOTEC Geothermal Drilling at Ranson Elementary School, WV 3. New Elementary School for Jefferson County (2023)"
  },
  {
    "id": 59,
    "name": "Farmington Hills City Hall",
    "location": "Farmington Hills, Michigan",
    "lat": 42.4853125,
    "lng": -83.3771553,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Construction began 2007. Consturction ended 2010.",
    "description": "Government/municipal building",
    "siteType": "Government/municipal building",
    "capacity": "1 building. 52,000 square feet.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Estimated $6-8M for entire renovation and installment of GSHPs.",
    "funding": "Unknown.",
    "ownership": "Public institution",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown number of wells. 300 feet deep.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. The energy-saving story of Farmington Hills' City Hall (2021) 2. The Oakland Press: City Hall redesign will save energy and increase space in Farmington Hills (2008)"
  },
  {
    "id": 60,
    "name": "Sterling Heights Parks and Recreation",
    "location": "Sterling Heights, Michigan",
    "lat": 42.5803122,
    "lng": -83.0302033,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Unknown",
    "description": "Government/municipal building",
    "siteType": "Government/municipal building",
    "capacity": "Unknown",
    "buildings": "Unknown",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Unknown",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. IGSHPA Commerical Projects"
  },
  {
    "id": 61,
    "name": "43rd District Courthouse",
    "location": "Ferndale, Michigan",
    "lat": 42.4605917,
    "lng": -83.1346478,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Unknown",
    "description": "Government/municipal building",
    "siteType": "Government/municipal building",
    "capacity": "Unknown",
    "buildings": "Unknown",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Unknown",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. IGSHPA Commerical Projects"
  },
  {
    "id": 62,
    "name": "Henry L. Brown Municipal Building",
    "location": "Coldwater, Michigan",
    "lat": 41.941091,
    "lng": -85.0030617,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Unknown",
    "description": "Government/municipal building",
    "siteType": "Government/municipal building",
    "capacity": "Unknown",
    "buildings": "Unknown",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Unknown",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. IGSHPA Commerical Projects"
  },
  {
    "id": 63,
    "name": "Lenox Township Hall",
    "location": "Lenox, Michigan",
    "lat": 42.7643581,
    "lng": -82.7966717,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Unknown",
    "description": "Government/municipal building",
    "siteType": "Government/municipal building",
    "capacity": "Unknown",
    "buildings": "Unknown",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Unknown",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. IGSHPA Commerical Projects"
  },
  {
    "id": 64,
    "name": "Westwood Hills Nature Center",
    "location": "St. Louis Park, Minnesota",
    "lat": 44.9475726,
    "lng": -93.3569023,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Design began 2016. Construction completed 2020.",
    "description": "Government/municipal building",
    "siteType": "Government/municipal building",
    "capacity": "1 building, 13,500 square feet.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Estimates suggest that a similarly sized building built to code and heated with an electric boiler would generate more than 130 tons of carbon emissions annually. With this design, the estimated emissions are zero, is managed correctly.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Reduces annual energy costs by $6,750\u2014a 35% savings. Building envelope provides a 20% energy savings and improves user comfort.",
    "cost": "Unknown.",
    "funding": "Unknown.",
    "ownership": "Private.",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borehole field, 32 boreholes, 250 feet depth.",
    "distribution": "3.5 miles of underground piping circulating 2,500 gallons of 30% propylene glycol water through the geothermal heat pump systems.",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "The borefield is located under the parking lot and sidewalk. This building was a part of the City of St. Louis Park's Climate Action Plan to reduce GHG emissions to net zero by 2040, which included replacing gas-powered vehicles and tools with electronics ones, installing public charging stations at the city hall and recreation center. The plan also mandated that all new construction projects funded by the city would be zero-energy buildings. This building is the first commercial ZEB in Minnesota.",
    "contact": "Emily Ziring, EZiring@stlouisparkmn.gov",
    "sources": "1. US DOE Geothermal Heat Pump Case Study 2. St. Louis Park's Next-Generation Nature Center"
  },
  {
    "id": 65,
    "name": "Union College",
    "location": "Schenectady, New York",
    "lat": 42.8142432,
    "lng": -73.9395687,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Design began 2012.",
    "description": "Community",
    "siteType": "Community",
    "capacity": "TBD.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Annual energy savings from this project: 732,158 kWh",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Heat-recovery chiller and geothermal chiller, heat sourced from geothermal wells from the World Science Center.",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "GSHP",
    "additionalInfo": "The geothermal system is for the College's Schaffer Library. This system was pursued in part of the College's effort to upgrade campus energy efficiency.",
    "contact": "National Grid: efficiency@nationalgrid.com",
    "sources": "1. National Grid: Union College"
  },
  {
    "id": 66,
    "name": "Autumn Gardens Apartments",
    "location": "Lockport, New York",
    "lat": 43.1687104,
    "lng": -78.696567,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Construction began 2014. System began operating in 2016.",
    "description": "Apartment",
    "siteType": "Apartment",
    "capacity": "1 building, 2,000 square feet.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "72",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "In the first year of operation, had 40.7% in total site annual energy savings. Annual cost savings of approximately $24,000 per year. Installation was 30% less expensive due to a decentralized loop field for each heat pump than a centralized approach, the design had a smaller footprint and lower piping costs. Avoiding the use of redundant, individually controlled consoles and less ductwork and piping makes it 12% cheaper to operate than a centralized system.",
    "cost": "Total cost: $1.7M",
    "funding": "Savings from accumulated U.S. Housing and Urban Development capital fund grants. New York State Energy Research and Development Authority Rebate for Geothermal Heat Pump System: $93,600.",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "39 boreholes. 225\u2013250 feet depth. Addiitonal 3 wells under recreation center to heat/cool that facility.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP system. Nine GSHPs, nine 100-gallon hot potable water storage units for domestic hot water.",
    "additionalInfo": "The apartment complex saw high utility bills. The City of Lockport Housing Authority (CLHA) owners looked into lower-cost energy solutions. After exploring solar, wind, and natural gas, CLHA concluded that a geothermal heat pump system would be the most cost-effective and meet conditions for tenant comfort.",
    "contact": "Jeff Haag, JHaag@LockportHousingAuthority.com",
    "sources": "1. US DOE Geothermal Heat Pump Case Study: Autumn Gardens Apartment Complex"
  },
  {
    "id": 67,
    "name": "Medford Site Veterans Home",
    "location": "Medford, New York",
    "lat": 40.8228192,
    "lng": -72.9887443,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation started 2021.",
    "description": "Community Center",
    "siteType": "Community Center",
    "capacity": "1 building, 1,936 square feet.",
    "buildings": "N/A",
    "households": "1",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Estimated cost savings, in comparison to typical new homes, is $2,900 annually. The Medford Site Veterans Housing project also supported public good, providing housing to a formerly homeless veteran and their family and involving VetsBuild and YouthBuild programs.",
    "cost": "Annual energy cost of $1,800",
    "funding": "National Grid, via New York State Public Service Commission, New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, New York State Office of Temporary Disabilities Homeless Housing Assistance Program, and Public Service Enterprise Group Long Island",
    "ownership": "Unknown",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Two boreholes, 500 feet deep.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP system.",
    "additionalInfo": "The GSHP system was installed to improve the energy efficiency of the building, including triple-pane windows, a gable roof and vented attic, an insulated basement, and a smart thermostat. The home was a part of the United Way's portfolio of homes to provide greater energy efficiency and significantly reduce or eliminate residents' utility costs.",
    "contact": "Rick Wertheim, rwertheim@unitedwayli.org Robert Allgor, robert.allgor@nationalgrid.com.",
    "sources": "1. US DOE Geothermal Heat Pump Cases Studies: Medford Site Veterans Home"
  },
  {
    "id": 68,
    "name": "Zero Place",
    "location": "New Paltz, New York",
    "lat": 41.7464972,
    "lng": -74.0844894,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began 2022.",
    "description": "Mixed-use Building",
    "siteType": "Mixed-use Building",
    "capacity": "1 building, 63,320 square feet, 4s=-story.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "46",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Produces zero emissions.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "The overall system heating COP for space and water heating combined exceeded 3.6, even on the coldest day of the year where temperatures dropped below zero. In comparison, an ASHP would have operated at a COP of 1-1.5.",
    "cost": "Total cost: $10M",
    "funding": "Unknown.",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "15 boreholes.",
    "distribution": "Distribution loop fluid is methanol: no additional valves, circuit settlers, etc. were installed to unnessarily increase pressure requirements.",
    "heatPump": "GSHP system with a total of WSHP units. Apartment units had 3/4-1-ton WSHP units on bedroom corners and top floor apartments. Common areas and retail spaces had 5-ton WWHP units.",
    "additionalInfo": "During a complete grid outage, the building is able to maintain a comfortable temperature of 50F. Residents pay $0 in energy bills unless their energy consumption exceeds 125% of expected need.",
    "contact": "ZeroPlace main email: onyxpm@ahclic.net",
    "sources": "1. NYSERDA Final Report: Monitoring the Ground Source Heat Pump System at Zero Place - A Multifamily, Mixed-Use Building in New Paltz, New York (2024) 2. Vermont Community Thermal Networks, Zero Place 3. NYSERDA Buildings of Excellence Competition Review: Zero Place"
  },
  {
    "id": 69,
    "name": "The Bloomberg Center, Cornell University",
    "location": "New York, New York",
    "lat": 40.7127281,
    "lng": -74.0060152,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating.",
    "description": "College campus",
    "siteType": "College campus",
    "capacity": "1 building, 160,000 square feet.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "No fossil fuels are used for the building's HVAC system.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown.",
    "funding": "Unknown.",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield, 80 boreholes, 400 feet deep.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP.",
    "additionalInfo": "The Bloomberg Center was designed with sustainability and energy efficiency as its primary goal. The geothermal system was combined with solar power, green roof, smart building technology, highly insulated facades, rainwater collection systems, and resiliency components.",
    "contact": "Geothermal developer, Endurant: info@endurant.com",
    "sources": "1. Endurant, Cornell Tech Campus 2. Bloomberg Center at Cornell Tech"
  },
  {
    "id": 70,
    "name": "St. Patrick's Cathedral",
    "location": "New York, New York",
    "lat": 40.7127281,
    "lng": -74.0060152,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Construction began 2015. Operation began 2017.",
    "description": "Church",
    "siteType": "Church",
    "capacity": "1 building, 76,000 square feet.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Eliminated the cost of burning 218 barrels of oil per year, reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 94,000 kilograms of carbon annually.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Estimated to reduce Cathedral's energy consumption by over 30%.",
    "cost": "$35M.",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "10 wells, 2,200 feet deep.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP.",
    "additionalInfo": "The geothermal plant was a part of an effort to restore Saint Patrick's Cathedral. One of the most emphasized benefits was that the system had virtually no visible impact on the architecture of the Cathedral while taking up 40% of the space of a conventional HVAC system. Larget city-based geothermal installation as of 2017. The church also took inspiration from the Trinity Church in Boston, and the General Theological Seminary and Union Theological Seminary in New York, all religious institutions that installed geothermal plants.",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. Geothermal System for St. Patrick's Cathedral Restoration (2017) 2. St. Patrick's Cathedral Goes Green with Geothermal (2020) 3. New York: the new Geothermal Plant for Saint Patrick's Cathedral (2017)"
  },
  {
    "id": 71,
    "name": "Aztech Geothermal, LLC, Saratoga National Bank",
    "location": "Corinth, New York",
    "lat": 43.244703,
    "lng": -73.832588,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating.",
    "description": "Manufacturing and office space.",
    "siteType": "Manufacturing and office space.",
    "capacity": "1 building, 24,000 square feet.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown.",
    "funding": "Incentive programs from NYSERDA, Saratoga Industrial Development Agency, and NYS Business Development Corporation",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "7 geothermal standing column wells, 500 foot depth.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "6 water-to-air electric heat pumps, 2 water-to-water electric heat pumps.",
    "additionalInfo": "The geothermal system is a part of the effort to improve the energy efficiency of the building. Other projects include lighting enhancements, a highly insulated building envelope, and radiant floor heating.",
    "contact": "Aztech Geothermal, LLC: 518-309-2000",
    "sources": "1. Aztech Geothermal"
  },
  {
    "id": 72,
    "name": "Century Center",
    "location": "Bismarck, North Dakota",
    "lat": 46.808327,
    "lng": -100.783739,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began 2003.",
    "description": "Government building",
    "siteType": "Government building",
    "capacity": "1 building, 112,617 square feet",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "400",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Energy use of 781,000 kWh per year. Capital cost of geothermal installation was paid off in 2.5 years, with savings continuing after 20 years of operation. Maintenance and operation of the system has also been simple: even though the building's heat pumps have a nominal lifetime of 20 years, the center has only needed to replace a couple dozen.",
    "cost": "Unknown.",
    "funding": "State of North Dakota",
    "ownership": "Public institution.",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "286 wells.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP. 224 HPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "The building is fully windowed and takes in southern light year round. This results mixed heating demand through the building, with the front often requiring cool air in the winter and the back heating. During the winter, the building and surround sidewalks require heating, which is supplied by a heat pump system that deices.",
    "contact": "Michael Schumacher, mschumacher@nd.gov",
    "sources": "1. US DOE Geothermal Heat Pump Case Study: Century Center"
  },
  {
    "id": 73,
    "name": "Casady School: Math Buildings",
    "location": "Oklahoma City, Oklahoma",
    "lat": 35.4729886,
    "lng": -97.5170536,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began 2010.",
    "description": "School facility",
    "siteType": "School facility",
    "capacity": "1 building, 17,000 square feet",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private investment",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Flat-panel lake heat exchangers.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP. 9 units.",
    "additionalInfo": "Geothermal system also includes energy recovery ventilator and internet-based energy management system.",
    "contact": "Developer, Comfortworks: (405) 455-8281",
    "sources": "1. Comfortworks: Casady School Math Buildings"
  },
  {
    "id": 74,
    "name": "Casady School: Theatre Building",
    "location": "Oklahoma City, Oklahoma",
    "lat": 35.4729886,
    "lng": -97.5170536,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began 2013.",
    "description": "School facility",
    "siteType": "School facility",
    "capacity": "1 building, 10,000 square feet",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private investment",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Flat-panel lake heat exchangers.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP. 14 units.",
    "additionalInfo": "Geothermal system also includes energy recovery ventilator and internet-based energy management system.",
    "contact": "Developer, Comfortworks: (405) 455-8281",
    "sources": "1. Comfortworks: Casady School Theatre Building"
  },
  {
    "id": 75,
    "name": "Casady School: School Art and Science Buildings",
    "location": "Oklahoma City, Oklahoma",
    "lat": 35.4729886,
    "lng": -97.5170536,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began 2014.",
    "description": "School facility",
    "siteType": "School facility",
    "capacity": "1 building, 22,000 square feet",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private investment",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Flat-panel lake heat exchangers.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP. 15 units.",
    "additionalInfo": "Geothermal system also includes energy recovery ventilator and internet-based energy management system.",
    "contact": "Developer, Comfortworks: (405) 455-8281",
    "sources": "1. Comfortworks: Casady School Art and Science Building"
  },
  {
    "id": 76,
    "name": "Wilspec Technologies",
    "location": "Oklahoma City, Oklahoma",
    "lat": 35.4729886,
    "lng": -97.5170536,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began 2013.",
    "description": "Office and shop building.",
    "siteType": "Office and shop building.",
    "capacity": "1 building, 23,000 square feet",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private investment",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield, 12 boreholes, 425 foot depth.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Geothermal system also includes energy recovery ventilator and internet-based energy management system.",
    "contact": "Developer, Comfortworks: (405) 455-8281",
    "sources": "1. Comfortworks: Wilspec Technologies"
  },
  {
    "id": 77,
    "name": "Comfortworks, Inc., Catholic Charities Building",
    "location": "Oklahoma City, Oklahoma",
    "lat": 35.4729886,
    "lng": -97.5170536,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began 2016.",
    "description": "Office building",
    "siteType": "Office building",
    "capacity": "1 building, 34,000 square feet.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private investment",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield, 48 boreholes, 500 foot depth.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP. 32 units.",
    "additionalInfo": "Geothermal system also includes energy recovery ventilator and internet-based energy management system.",
    "contact": "Developer, Comfortworks: (405) 455-8281",
    "sources": "1. Comfortworks: Catholic Charities"
  },
  {
    "id": 78,
    "name": "Comfortworks, Inc., Bancfirst",
    "location": "Edmond, Oklahoma",
    "lat": 35.6571367,
    "lng": -97.4649038,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began 2013.",
    "description": "Bank",
    "siteType": "Bank",
    "capacity": "1 building, 11,000 square feet.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private investment",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield, 40 boreholes, 300 foot depth.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP. 12 units.",
    "additionalInfo": "Geothermal system also includes energy recovery ventilator and internet-based energy management system.",
    "contact": "Developer, Comfortworks: (405) 455-8281",
    "sources": "1. Comfortworks: Bancfirst II"
  },
  {
    "id": 79,
    "name": "Comfortworks, Inc., Norman Fire Station No. 9",
    "location": "Norman, Oklahoma",
    "lat": 35.2225717,
    "lng": -97.4394816,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began 2013.",
    "description": "Fire Statoin",
    "siteType": "Fire Statoin",
    "capacity": "1 building, 9,000 square feet.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private investment",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield, 15 boreholes, 400 foot depth.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP. 7 units.",
    "additionalInfo": "Geothermal system also includes energy recovery ventilator and internet-based energy management system.",
    "contact": "Developer, Comfortworks: (405) 455-8281",
    "sources": "1. Comfortworks: Norman Fire No. 9 (Norman OK, LEED Silver)"
  },
  {
    "id": 80,
    "name": "Comfortworks, Inc., Salvation Army Center",
    "location": "Oklahoma City, Oklahoma",
    "lat": 35.4729886,
    "lng": -97.5170536,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began 2014.",
    "description": "Mixed: Office/Assembly/Dining/Shelter",
    "siteType": "Mixed: Office/Assembly/Dining/Shelter",
    "capacity": "1 building, 6,000 square feet.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private investment",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield, 84 boreholes, 400 foot depth.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP. 34 units.",
    "additionalInfo": "Geothermal system also includes energy recovery ventilator and internet-based energy management system.",
    "contact": "Developer, Comfortworks: (405) 455-8281",
    "sources": "1. Comfortworks: Chesapeake Center of Hole (Oklahoma City)"
  },
  {
    "id": 81,
    "name": "Comfortworks, Inc., Sunbeam Family Services",
    "location": "Oklahoma City, Oklahoma",
    "lat": 35.4729886,
    "lng": -97.5170536,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began 2015.",
    "description": "Mixed: Office and Shelter Building",
    "siteType": "Mixed: Office and Shelter Building",
    "capacity": "1 building, 32,000 square feet.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private investment",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield, 70 boreholes, 500 foot depth.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP. 30 units.",
    "additionalInfo": "Geothermal system also includes energy recovery ventilator and internet-based energy management system.",
    "contact": "Developer, Comfortworks: (405) 455-8281",
    "sources": "1. Comfortworks: Sunbeam Family Services (Oklahoma City)"
  },
  {
    "id": 82,
    "name": "Comfortworks, Inc., Homeless Alliance Building",
    "location": "Oklahoma City, Oklahoma",
    "lat": 35.4729886,
    "lng": -97.5170536,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began 2015.",
    "description": "Residential building",
    "siteType": "Residential building",
    "capacity": "1 building, 7,800 square feet.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private investment",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield, 10 boreholes, 500 foot depth.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP. 4 units. 8 tons geothermal water heating.",
    "additionalInfo": "Geothermal system also includes energy recovery ventilator and internet-based energy management system.",
    "contact": "Developer, Comfortworks: (405) 455-8281",
    "sources": "1. Comfortworks: Homeless Alliance (Oklahoma City)"
  },
  {
    "id": 83,
    "name": "Hargrove Medical Building",
    "location": "Edmond, Oklahoma",
    "lat": 35.6571367,
    "lng": -97.4649038,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Operation began 2014.",
    "description": "Office building",
    "siteType": "Office building",
    "capacity": "1 building, 20,000 square feet.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private investment",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield, 27 boreholes, 500 ft. vertical bores.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP. 17 units.",
    "additionalInfo": "Geothermal system also includes energy recovery ventilator and internet-based energy management system.",
    "contact": "Developer, Comfortworks: (405) 455-8281",
    "sources": "1. Comfortworks: Hargrove Medical Building (Edmond, OK)"
  },
  {
    "id": 84,
    "name": "Concord Engineering Group: Radnor Middle School",
    "location": "Wayne, Pennsylvania",
    "lat": 41.6264414,
    "lng": -75.3045103,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Development began 2004. Construction began 2005. Operation began 2007.",
    "description": "School",
    "siteType": "School",
    "capacity": "1 building, 195,000 square feet",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Estimated energy savings of 30 percent.",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private investment",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borefield, 144 boreholes, 500 foot depth.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs",
    "additionalInfo": "The middle school was developed with a geothermal system after seeing the success of the Radnor Elementary School, built in 2001 with a GSHP system.",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. Concord Engineering: Middle School Goes Green with ClimateMaster Geothermal System"
  },
  {
    "id": 85,
    "name": "Bridges of Warwick",
    "location": "Jamison, Pennsylvania",
    "lat": 40.2548297,
    "lng": -75.0893372,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating.",
    "description": "Senior Living Community Center.",
    "siteType": "Senior Living Community Center.",
    "capacity": "1 building, 91,100 sqaure feet",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown.",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private investment, potentially tax rebates.",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "The geothermal system is a component of improving the energy efficiency of the building. Other systems included in the project are LED lighting, low voltage systems, and energy recovery ventilation units.",
    "contact": "Developer, Alderson Engineering, LLC: info@aldersonengineering.com",
    "sources": "1. Alderson Engineering Bridge of Warwick 2. Burkey Construction The Bridges at Warwick"
  },
  {
    "id": 86,
    "name": "Tellico Village Community Church",
    "location": "Tellico Village, Tennessee",
    "lat": 35.6931653,
    "lng": -84.2602132,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating.",
    "description": "Church",
    "siteType": "Church",
    "capacity": "1 building, 50,670 square feet.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown.",
    "funding": "Private investment.",
    "ownership": "Unknown",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Pond heat exchanger.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "WSHP.",
    "additionalInfo": "N/A",
    "contact": "Developer, Slim Jim Geo Lake Plate: (225) 928-2630",
    "sources": "1. Tellico Village Community Church, Tennessee"
  },
  {
    "id": 87,
    "name": "Hula",
    "location": "Burlington, Vermont",
    "lat": 44.4761601,
    "lng": -73.212906,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. System began operating in 2021.",
    "description": "Office building",
    "siteType": "Office building",
    "capacity": "2 buildings, with capacity to expand. 150,000 total square feet.",
    "buildings": "N/A",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Building energy use intensity (EUI) was about 65 percent less than what Vermont's energy efficiency code required. Awarded the \"Best of the Best\" in Commercial Building Design and Construction in 2022.",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown.",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Open loop.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP. Pumps are placed through the building to distribute heating and cooling efficiently.",
    "additionalInfo": "The GSHP system was installed as a part of a net zero emissions system, including solar panels for generating electricity and a heat capture system for kitchen exhaust.",
    "contact": "Russ Scully, russ@scullyinteractive.com",
    "sources": "1. Vermont Community Thermal Networks, Hula Case Study 2. Mayor Micro Weinberger, City Departments, Hula, BHS Students, and Environmental Partners Promote New Cliamte Policies to Help City Pursue Net Zero Energy Goal"
  },
  {
    "id": 88,
    "name": "Seattle Public Schools",
    "location": "Seattle, Washington",
    "lat": 47.6038321,
    "lng": -122.330062,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. First school switch to GSHP began in 2004. Construction for new schools is in progress.",
    "description": "School",
    "siteType": "School",
    "capacity": "15 existing schools, 4 being built. 1,131,770 square feet, expanding to include another 650,000 once construction is complete.",
    "buildings": "N/A",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Each of the connected schools have 100% geothermal heat pump heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. GSHPs rreduced weather-normalized energy use indexes 30%\u201377%, including during the coronavirus pandemic when increased ventilation was required.",
    "cost": "$23M",
    "funding": "IRS tax credits: $7.5M",
    "ownership": "Public institution.",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "For each school, average 90-100 boreholes, each 150-350 foot depth.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP",
    "additionalInfo": "The schools have a combination of districted GSHP systems and centralized systems. The success of the first school also spread to other schools, leading to wide adoption and expansions of GSHP use throughout the district.",
    "contact": "Ian A. Brown, IABrown@SeattleSchools.org",
    "sources": "1. US DOE Geothermal Heat Pump Case Study: Seattle Public Schools 2. Seattle Public Schools uses this climate-friendly HVAC system (2024)"
  },
  {
    "id": 89,
    "name": "Epic Healthcare Corporate Campus",
    "location": "Verona, Wisconsin",
    "lat": 42.9905492,
    "lng": -89.5335575,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Construction began 2006. System began operating 2012.",
    "description": "Corporate Campus",
    "siteType": "Corporate Campus",
    "capacity": "40 buildings, 9 million square feet",
    "buildings": "40",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Provides cooling support for 3.5MW data center, with spare capacity to accommodate growth.",
    "cost": "Unknown.",
    "funding": "Supported through various federal tax programs over the years.",
    "ownership": "Private.",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "4 borefields. Total 6,100 boreholes. 300 to 800 foot depth. 2 lake exchange systems, closed loop design.",
    "distribution": "Water as the heat exchanger fluid.",
    "heatPump": "GSHP",
    "additionalInfo": "The project involves collaboration with the Univeristy of Wisconsin-Madison, who monitors Epic's geothermal system since its installation to understand system performance.",
    "contact": "info@epic.com",
    "sources": "1. US DOE Geothermal Heat Pump Case Studies: Epic Healthcare Corporation (2025) 2. One of the World's Largest Geothermal Networks is Buried Beneath a Corporate Campus in Rural WIsconsin (2025)"
  },
  {
    "id": 90,
    "name": "Three Pillars Senior Living Communities",
    "location": "Dousman, Wisconsin",
    "lat": 43.0147244,
    "lng": -88.4727792,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating.",
    "description": "Senior Living Facility",
    "siteType": "Senior Living Facility",
    "capacity": "1 building.",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Open loop, connected to system operating in nearby lake.",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "GSHP",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. Three Pillars Assisted Living Project"
  },
  {
    "id": 91,
    "name": "RiverHealth Project",
    "location": "Appleton, Wisconsin",
    "lat": 44.2613967,
    "lng": -88.4069744,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating. Permit issued 2008, approved 2009. Phase one construction began summer 2013, completed June 2014. Phase Two Construction began summer 2015, completed September 2016.",
    "description": "Mixed Use",
    "siteType": "Mixed Use",
    "capacity": "2 buildings",
    "buildings": "2",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "The system has an estimated payback period of 7 years compared to a period of 11-14 years, which would be for a system with boreholes as primary thermal resource. Estimated cost savings of over $1M after 25 years of use.",
    "cost": "Total first phase budget: $20M",
    "funding": "US DOE Grant: $1M",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "River embedded heat exchanger, no boreholes",
    "distribution": "Closed loop piping.",
    "heatPump": "GSHP, one per condo.",
    "additionalInfo": "Using a heat exchanger in water requires less capital infrastructure than boreholes. This project served as a demonstration project to show that the system would not impact the river.",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "1. US DOE Geothermal Technologies Program 2010 Peer Review 2. Final Technical Report for DOE 2016"
  },
  {
    "id": 93,
    "name": "IRS Service Center",
    "location": "Andover, Massachusetts",
    "lat": 42.65717,
    "lng": -71.1408776,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Original facility built 1967. Construction of the new building and energy infrastructure began 2009. Operating 2012.",
    "description": "Commercial building",
    "siteType": "Commercial building",
    "capacity": "1 building, 400,000 square feet",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Entire project cost $60M",
    "funding": "$807,000 ARRA funded supplemental design contract for geothermal heating and cooling. $13.8 million geothermal contract to Columbia Construction of North Reading.",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown.",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "The geothermal system was one aspect of the project. The building was completely redesigned, reconstructed, courtyards were added, and additional buildings and infrastructure like an assembly room, training complex, conference rooms, and data center was added. The costs account for all of these changes.",
    "contact": "N/A",
    "sources": "1. Alderson Engineering, IRS Service Center 2. Columbia Construction breaks ground on $60 million IRS modernization project (2009) 3. GSA and Columbia Construction progressing with IRS' Andover Campus modernization (2010)"
  },
  {
    "id": 94,
    "name": "Greensburg City Hall",
    "location": "Greensburg, Kansas",
    "lat": 37.6031884,
    "lng": -99.2929639,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Construction 2008, Operation 2009",
    "description": "Government/municipal building",
    "siteType": "Government/municipal building",
    "capacity": "1 building, 4,700 sq ft",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Energy modeling (2010) compared standard code vs current design: estimated costs $15,800 decreased to $7,100 (44%+ reduction). Mayor: GSHP reliability/efficiency saved tens of thousands in energy costs over 15 years",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Private",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "1 borehole, 123 ft deep, open loop. N/A waste heat",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "6 GSHPs",
    "additionalInfo": "2007 hurricane destroyed/damaged 95% of city. Rebuilding included sustainable, energy efficient systems/buildings. Other buildings have closed loop geothermal. Solar and wind systems installed for electricity. City Hall GSHP done with solar panels, wind turbines, building envelope renovations",
    "contact": "Matt Christenson: mayor@greensburgks.org",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 95,
    "name": "Fort Knox Recruiting Command Center",
    "location": "Louisville, Kentucky",
    "lat": 38.2542376,
    "lng": -85.759407,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Construction 1996, Operation 2005",
    "description": "Government/municipal building",
    "siteType": "Government/municipal building",
    "capacity": "38 buildings, 6 million sq ft",
    "buildings": "38",
    "households": "3,000+",
    "population": "30,000+",
    "emissionsBenefits": "10% reduction natural gas consumption, avoided 102,000 Mcf natural gas emissions",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Annual energy cost savings: $906,000",
    "cost": "$10.4 million",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "N/A",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP, combination closed and open loop. Closed loop: 180 boreholes, 500 feet deep",
    "additionalInfo": "GSHPs installed with ventilation controls and dedicated fresh air systems. Led to improvements in indoor air quality of Disney Barracks facilities, benefiting occupant health and working conditions",
    "contact": "Director of Public Works Jason Root: 502-624-2151, Public Affairs Ryan Brus: 502-624-4704, Environmental Management Derrick Raney: 502-624-6684",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 96,
    "name": "Coveyou Scenic Farm",
    "location": "Petoskey, Michigan",
    "lat": 45.373343,
    "lng": -84.95533,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: First GSHP installed 2012. GSHP system expanded in 2015.",
    "description": "Farm",
    "siteType": "Farm",
    "capacity": "5,000 square feet.",
    "buildings": "N/A: GSHP system is not used for buildings, but directly for walk-in coolers and floor heating zones to support agricultural growth.",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown.",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Walk-in coolers: Under $100 per month during summer, vs. $1,000 per month without the geothermal system Greenhouse floor: About $350 per month during winter, vs. propane, which would be significantly more",
    "cost": "Unknown.",
    "funding": "USDA Conservation Innovation Grant 30% Business Energy Investment Tax Credit",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "N/A",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHPs.",
    "additionalInfo": "The heat exchanger pipes were laid horizontally rather than vertically. This system was likely not too heating/cooling intensive so it did not require boring into the ground vertically.",
    "contact": "David Coveyou, market@coveyouscenicfarm.com",
    "sources": "1. US DOE Geothermal Heat Pump Case Study Coveyou Scenic Farms"
  },
  {
    "id": 97,
    "name": "Delta Electronics",
    "location": "Fremont, California",
    "lat": 37.5482697,
    "lng": -121.988571,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Construction/Operation 2015",
    "description": "Manufacturing Facility",
    "siteType": "Manufacturing Facility",
    "capacity": "Individual building. 175,000 sq ft",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Not applicable",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Specific details not provided",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Provides 80% of heating/cooling. LEED certified. Uses 15,500 Btu/sq ft/year, 70% less than avg LEED building",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown, assumed private investment",
    "ownership": "Privately owned",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "No additional thermal resources",
    "distribution": "Horizontal heat exchanger. 12,000 gallons water. Avg 22 feet depth. 20 miles underground piping",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Integrated with 1.1 MW solar PV, 500-kW dual-side PV carport, 125-kW battery storage",
    "contact": "Dave Morse: dave.morse@deltaww.com",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 98,
    "name": "NREL's Alaska Campus",
    "location": "Fairbanks, Alaska",
    "lat": 64.837845,
    "lng": -147.716675,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Feasibility 2010, Installed 2013",
    "description": "Research facility. Brownfield project.",
    "siteType": "Research facility. Brownfield project.",
    "capacity": "Individual building. 5000 sq ft of facility",
    "buildings": "\u2153 of facility",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Delivers 20,000-30,000 kWh heat annually, eliminating 700 gallons diesel fuel/year",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Moved away from diesel heating fuel. Cost-effective when diesel prices high",
    "cost": "Operation: $0.24/kWh, Maintenance: $300/year",
    "funding": "Emerging Energy Technology Fund Grant from Alaska Energy Authority. Tax credits for GSHP",
    "ownership": "Privately owned. NREL's Alaska Campus",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "No borefield",
    "distribution": "20% methanol, 80% water solution",
    "heatPump": "In-floor hydronic radiant heating",
    "additionalInfo": "Region has freezing soils and ancient permafrost 30 feet below surface. Avg temp: 0\u00b0F winter, regularly -20\u00b0F to -40\u00b0F",
    "contact": "Molly Retig: Molly.Rettig@NREL.gov",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 99,
    "name": "Major Geothermal, Eagle County Government Campus",
    "location": "Eagle, Colorado",
    "lat": 39.6161124,
    "lng": -106.7172844,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Designed 2023-2024. Construction began May 2025 (borehole drilling)",
    "description": "Government/municipal building",
    "siteType": "Government/municipal building",
    "capacity": "One building",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "Not applicable",
    "population": "Not applicable",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Not operating",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Not operating",
    "cost": "Total project: $14 million",
    "funding": "Support from CO \"Heat Beneath Our Feet\": $3.4M DOLA Energy/Mineral Impact Assistance Fund, $750k CO Energy Office, $3.5M CO Energy Office Geothermal Tax Credit. City and Eagle County taxpayers cover other costs",
    "ownership": "Municipality owned",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Not operating",
    "contact": "Kate Kirkman: kate.kirkman@eaglecounty.us, Tori Franks",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 100,
    "name": "Colorado Geothermal Drilling, First Universalist Church",
    "location": "Denver, Colorado",
    "lat": 39.7392364,
    "lng": -104.984862,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Construction 2015, Operation 2018",
    "description": "Church",
    "siteType": "Church",
    "capacity": "One building",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "Not applicable",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Used less gas. Exact number unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Decreased utility bills: ~$18k/year before renovation, ~$6k in 2019 (last pre-COVID year)",
    "cost": "$4.5M project total, $443k renewable-energy improvements",
    "funding": "Stretch donations and loans from community members. Repayment through domestically manufactured equipment and energy community location",
    "ownership": "Privately owned",
    "subscription": "Not applicable",
    "thermalResources": "Not applicable, single building",
    "distribution": "10 GSHP, vertical boreholes ~450 ft depth",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "System designed compatible with rooftop solar minigrid",
    "contact": "john@bringenberg.com",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 101,
    "name": "Darrien Library",
    "location": "New Haven, Connecticut",
    "lat": 41.3082138,
    "lng": -72.9250518,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Construction Feb 2019, Operation 2019",
    "description": "Commercial. Library",
    "siteType": "Commercial. Library",
    "capacity": "Individual building",
    "buildings": "1",
    "households": "N/A",
    "population": "N/A",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Friends of the Library covered initial capital for closed loop transition",
    "ownership": "Private",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown",
    "distribution": "N/A",
    "heatPump": "GSHP",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 102,
    "name": "College of Southern Idaho",
    "location": "Twin Falls, Idaho",
    "lat": 42.5558542,
    "lng": -114.4700684,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Operating: Construction 1978, GSHP added 2006, Operation 1981",
    "description": "College campus",
    "siteType": "College campus",
    "capacity": "19 buildings, 730,000 sq ft",
    "buildings": "19",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "At least $125k saved in heating costs/year. Heat pump efficiency ~4:1 (for every $1 electricity spent, $4 heating energy returned)",
    "cost": "Annual operating: $190,400",
    "funding": "Geothermal loop: private college investment. Building renovations likely grants but unclear",
    "ownership": "Private, college owned",
    "subscription": "N/A",
    "thermalResources": "Two wells: 2,220 feet and 1,480 feet. No waste heat",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "GSHP",
    "additionalInfo": "Advantage of placement over aquifer with \"artesian pressure\" - natural ground pressure brings hot water to surface. Geothermal linked to domestic hot water uses",
    "contact": "CSI Physical Plant: 208-732-6600",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  },
  {
    "id": 103,
    "name": "Blacks in Green: Sustainable Square Mile",
    "location": "Chicago, Illinois",
    "lat": 41.8755616,
    "lng": -87.6244212,
    "systemType": "gshp",
    "status": "Design Phase?",
    "description": "Unknown",
    "siteType": "Unknown",
    "capacity": "Unknown",
    "buildings": "Unknown",
    "households": "Unknown",
    "population": "Unknown",
    "emissionsBenefits": "Unknown",
    "operationalSuccesses": "Unknown",
    "cost": "Unknown",
    "funding": "Unknown",
    "ownership": "Unknown",
    "subscription": "Unknown",
    "thermalResources": "Unknown",
    "distribution": "Unknown",
    "heatPump": "Unknown",
    "additionalInfo": "Unknown",
    "contact": "Unknown",
    "sources": "Unknown"
  }
];


// Helper function to get system type display name
function getSystemTypeName(type) {
    const types = {
        'gshp': 'Individual GSHP',
        '4gdhc': '4th Gen District H&C',
        '5gdhc': '5th Gen District H&C'
    };
    return types[type] || type;
}

// Helper function to get marker color
function getMarkerColor(type) {
    const colors = {
        'gshp': '#10b981',
        '4gdhc': '#3b82f6',
        '5gdhc': '#f59e0b'
    };
    return colors[type] || '#64748b';
}