feat: Codespaces pip ADO auth via custom keyring backend

Author: delilahw

src/artifacts-helper/codespaces_artifacts_helper_keyring/.gitignore

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+### Python ###
+# Byte-compiled / optimized / DLL files
+__pycache__/
+*.py[cod]
+*$py.class
+
+# C extensions
+*.so
+
+# Distribution / packaging
+.Python
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+# IPython
+profile_default/
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+# pyenv
+#   For a library or package, you might want to ignore these files since the code is
+#   intended to run in multiple environments; otherwise, check them in:
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src/artifacts-helper/codespaces_artifacts_helper_keyring/README.md

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+# codespaces artifacts helper keyring
+
+wow what a long package name. i'm open to suggestions for renaming it.
+
+## what is this?
+
+The codespaces artifacts helper keyring is a package that provides a keyring implementation for the codespaces artifacts helper at https://github.com/microsoft/ado-codespaces-auth. When the keyring package and this keyring are both installed, pip will automatically use this keyring to store and retrieve credentials when accessing ADO package feeds.
+
+## build instructins
+
+This package uses `pyproject.toml`, and `pdm` for building. To build the package, run the following commands:
+
+```sh
+cd src/artifacts-helper/codespaces_artifacts_helper_keyring
+
+# PDM is used to manage the project
+$ pip install 'pdm>=2.14'
+
+# Install dependencies and build the package
+$ pdm build
+
+# Install package + deps with pip
+$ pip install dist/codespaces_artifacts_helper_keyring-*.whl
+```
+
+## contributing
+
+```sh
+# Lint
+$ pdm run check
+
+# Format
+$ pdm run fmt
+
+# Type check
+$ pdm nox -s mypy
+
+# Test on current python version
+$ pdm run test
+
+# Test on all supported python versions
+$ pdm run nox
+```

src/artifacts-helper/codespaces_artifacts_helper_keyring/noxfile.py

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+import os
+
+import nox
+
+os.environ.update({"PDM_IGNORE_SAVED_PYTHON": "1"})
+
+PYTHON_VERSIONS = ["3.8", "3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
+LOCATIONS = "src", "tests", "noxfile.py"
+
+
+@nox.session(py=PYTHON_VERSIONS)
+@nox.parametrize("keyring", ["20", "25.1"])
+@nox.parametrize("pyjwt", ["2.0.0", "2.8"])
+def tests(session, keyring, pyjwt):
+    session.run_always("pdm", "install", "-G", "test", external=True)
+    session.install(f"keyring=={keyring}")
+    session.install(f"pyjwt=={pyjwt}")
+    session.run("pdm", "test", *session.posargs, external=True)
+
+
+@nox.session
+def lint(session):
+    session.run_always("pdm", "install", "-G", "lint", external=True)
+    session.run("pdm", "check", external=True)
+
+
+@nox.session(py=PYTHON_VERSIONS)
+def mypy(session):
+    session.run_always("pdm", "install", external=True)
+    args = session.posargs or LOCATIONS
+    session.run("pdm", "run", "mypy", *args, external=True)