[CI] Dockerize Ubuntu builds #3746

Job	Run time
pre-commit / pre-commit	1m 27s
mac / clang-build (Release)	1m 52s
mac / clang-build (Debug)	1m 58s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04, Debug)	52s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04, Release)	1m 4s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04-arm, Debug)	1m 8s
ubuntu / clang-build (ubuntu-24.04)	1m 2s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04-arm, Release)	1m 17s
windows / msvc-build (Debug)	3m 2s
ubuntu / clang-build (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	1m 8s
windows / msvc-build (Release)	1m 47s
windows / clang-build	1m 57s
ubuntu / clang-sanitizer-build (ubuntu-24.04)	53s
ubuntu / clang-test (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	8m 18s
ubuntu / clang-test (ubuntu-24.04)	8m 37s
ubuntu / gcc-test (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	8m 20s
ubuntu / gcc-test (ubuntu-24.04)	8m 27s
windows / clang-test	3m 5s
mac / clang-test	5m 3s
ubuntu / clang-sanitizer-test (ubuntu-24.04)	2m 50s
windows / msvc-test	5m 15s
ubuntu / clang-sanitizer-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04)	2m 28s
windows / clang-test-extended	2m 59s
mac / clang-test-extended	3m 6s
windows / msvc-test-extended	2m 57s
ubuntu / gcc-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	4m 42s
ubuntu / gcc-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04)	4m 33s
ubuntu / clang-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04)	4m 44s
ubuntu / clang-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	4m 41s
ubuntu / gcc-build-codecov	6m 20s
perf / ubuntu-gcc-build-perf-stats	1m 44s
perf / macos-clang-build-perf-stats	1m 56s
pages / build-scoreboard	18s
pages / build-doxygen-xml	1m 12s
pages / build-sphinx	1m 10s
pages / deploy-pages	0s
	1h 52m 12s

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