Add git to ubuntu.Dockerfile (#578) #3733

Job	Run time
pre-commit / pre-commit	1m 15s
ubuntu / clang-build (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	1m 38s
ubuntu / clang-build (ubuntu-24.04)	2m 4s
mac / clang-build (Release)	1m 54s
mac / clang-build (Debug)	1m 50s
windows / clang-build	1m 57s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04, Debug)	2m 27s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04-arm, Debug)	1m 16s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04, Release)	1m 53s
windows / msvc-build (Debug)	4m 16s
windows / msvc-build (Release)	1m 43s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04-arm, Release)	1m 16s
windows / clang-test	2m 59s
ubuntu / gcc-test (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	8m 29s
ubuntu / gcc-test (ubuntu-24.04)	8m 25s
mac / clang-test	5m 14s
ubuntu / clang-test (ubuntu-24.04)	8m 39s
ubuntu / clang-test (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	8m 54s
ubuntu / clang-sanitizer-build (ubuntu-24.04)	2m 17s
windows / msvc-test	4m 46s
windows / clang-test-extended	2m 49s
ubuntu / clang-sanitizer-test (ubuntu-24.04)	3m 57s
mac / clang-test-extended	3m 29s
windows / msvc-test-extended	3m 34s
ubuntu / clang-sanitizer-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04)	3m 14s
ubuntu / gcc-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04)	5m 13s
ubuntu / gcc-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	4m 43s
ubuntu / clang-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04)	5m 52s
ubuntu / clang-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	5m 10s
ubuntu / gcc-build-codecov	6m 37s
perf / macos-clang-build-perf-stats	1m 51s
perf / ubuntu-gcc-build-perf-stats	2m 9s
pages / build-scoreboard	15s
pages / build-doxygen-xml	27s
pages / build-sphinx	1m 26s
pages / deploy-pages	18s
	2h 4m 16s

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