[CI] Dockerize Ubuntu builds #3605

Job	Run time
shell-lint / shell-lint	13s
cpp-lint / clang-format	14s
windows / msvc-build (Release)	2m 30s
windows / msvc-build (Debug)	5m 26s
ubuntu / clang-build (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	17s
ubuntu / clang-build (ubuntu-24.04)	14s
windows / clang-build	2m 19s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04-arm, Release)	13s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04, Release)	15s
mac / clang-build (Release)	2m 23s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04, Debug)	16s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04-arm, Debug)	12s
mac / clang-build (Debug)	1m 51s
ubuntu / gcc-test	0s
ubuntu / gcc-test-extended	0s
ubuntu / clang-test	0s
ubuntu / clang-sanitizer-build	0s
ubuntu / clang-test-extended	0s
ubuntu / clang-sanitizer-test	0s
ubuntu / clang-sanitizer-test-extended	0s
ubuntu / gcc-build-codecov	0s
windows / clang-test	2m 56s
mac / clang-test	5m 10s
windows / clang-test-extended	2m 26s
windows / msvc-test	2m 15s
mac / clang-test-extended	1s
windows / msvc-test-extended	1s
pages	0s
perf	0s
	29m 12s

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