[CI] Add CodeQL checks for Python #3444

Job	Run time
lint / python-lint	6s
lint / shell-lint	12s
lint / clang-format	11s
mac / clang-build (Release)	2m 1s
mac / clang-build (Debug)	1m 50s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04-arm, Debug)	3m 12s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04, Debug)	1m 34s
ubuntu / clang-build (ubuntu-24.04)	1m 16s
ubuntu / clang-build (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	2m 28s
windows / msvc-build (Debug)	6m 3s
windows / clang-build	2m 16s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04, Release)	1m 39s
windows / msvc-build (Release)	3m 9s
ubuntu / gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04-arm, Release)	1m 48s
mac / clang-test	4m 52s
windows / clang-test	3m 54s
ubuntu / clang-test (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	9m 7s
ubuntu / clang-test (ubuntu-24.04)	8m 53s
ubuntu / clang-sanitizer-build (ubuntu-24.04)	1m 41s
ubuntu / gcc-test (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	8m 54s
ubuntu / gcc-test (ubuntu-24.04)	8m 23s
ubuntu / clang-sanitizer-test (ubuntu-24.04)	3m 19s
windows / msvc-test	5m 3s
windows / clang-test-extended	2m 50s
mac / clang-test-extended	3m 5s
ubuntu / clang-sanitizer-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04)	2m 40s
windows / msvc-test-extended	2m 43s
ubuntu / clang-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	6m 4s
ubuntu / clang-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04)	4m 48s
ubuntu / gcc-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	5m 49s
ubuntu / gcc-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04)	4m 29s
ubuntu / gcc-build-codecov	6m 29s
perf / ubuntu-gcc-build-perf-stats	1m 24s
pages / build-scoreboard	14s
pages / build-doxygen-xml	30s
pages / build-sphinx	40s
pages / deploy-pages	0s
	2h 3m 36s

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