[CI] Add shellcheck lint job (#473) #3002

Job	Run time
lint / clang-format	14s
lint / python-lint	5s
lint / shell-lint	15s
mac / macos-clang-build-debug	2m 22s
mac / macos-clang-build	2m 9s
ubuntu / ubuntu-gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	2m 40s
ubuntu / ubuntu-gcc-build (ubuntu-24.04)	1m 29s
ubuntu / ubuntu-gcc-build-debug (ubuntu-24.04)	3m 24s
ubuntu / ubuntu-clang-build (ubuntu-24.04)	1m 32s
ubuntu / ubuntu-clang-build (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	2m 16s
windows / windows-msvc-build	2m 16s
windows / windows-msvc-build-debug	7m 11s
windows / windows-clang-build	2m 47s
windows / windows-msvc-test	3m 31s
ubuntu / ubuntu-clang-test (ubuntu-24.04)	5m 19s
ubuntu / ubuntu-clang-sanitizer-build (ubuntu-24.04)	1m 32s
ubuntu / ubuntu-clang-test (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	6m 23s
mac / macos-clang-test	3m 11s
windows / windows-clang-test	1m 54s
ubuntu / ubuntu-gcc-test (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	5m 42s
ubuntu / ubuntu-gcc-test (ubuntu-24.04)	4m 53s
windows / windows-clang-test-extended	2m 22s
ubuntu / ubuntu-clang-sanitizer-test (ubuntu-24.04)	1m 50s
windows / windows-msvc-test-extended	3m 19s
mac / macos-clang-test-extended	2m 14s
ubuntu / ubuntu-clang-sanitizer-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04)	1m 41s
ubuntu / ubuntu-clang-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	5m 38s
ubuntu / ubuntu-clang-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04)	3m 1s
ubuntu / ubuntu-gcc-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	3m 42s
ubuntu / ubuntu-gcc-test-extended (ubuntu-24.04)	2m 35s
ubuntu / ubuntu-gcc-build-codecov	4m 0s
perf / ubuntu-gcc-build-perf-stats	1m 28s
	1h 32m 55s

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