Currently arrow is just a flat triangle, that doesn't look good on white background:

I've added arrow in away that Bootstrap 4 does that (using ::before and ::after selectors):

Here is my prove of concept: https://stackblitz.com/edit/mde-popover-kg8eqr?file=styles.scss
I've just looked at how Google did they popup, they are using two triangles and offset them by one pixel. This way they get the border effect. Maybe this could be used instead of pseudo selectors.
Currently arrow is just a flat triangle, that doesn't look good on white background:

I've added arrow in away that Bootstrap 4 does that (using ::before and ::after selectors):

Here is my prove of concept: https://stackblitz.com/edit/mde-popover-kg8eqr?file=styles.scss
I've just looked at how Google did they popup, they are using two triangles and offset them by one pixel. This way they get the border effect. Maybe this could be used instead of pseudo selectors.