send-email: validate charset name in 8bit encoding prompt

When a non-ASCII character is detected in the body or subject of the email
the user is prompted with,

        Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? foo

After this the input string is validated by the regex, based on the fact
that the charset string will be minimum 4 characters [1]. If the string is
more than 4 letters the email is sent, if not then a second prompt to
confirm is asked to the user,

        Are you sure you want to use <foo> [y/N]? y

This relies on a length based regex heuristic check to validate the user
input, and can allow clearly invalid charset names to pass if the input is
greater than 4 characters.

Add a semantic validation of the charset name using the
Encode::find_encoding() which is a bundled module of perl. If the encoding
is not recognized, warn the user and ask for confirmation before proceeding.
After this validation the lenght based validation becomes redundant and also
breaks flow, so change the regex of valid input to any non blank string.

Make the encoding warning logic specific to the 8bit prompt, also add a
unique confirmation prompt which  reduces the load on ask(), and improves
maintainability.

Additionally, the wording of the first prompt can confuse the user if not
read properly or under any default assumptions for a yes/no prompt. Change
the wording to make it explicitly clear to the user that the prompt needs a
string input, UTF-8 being the default.

The intended flow is,

        Declare which 8bit encoding to use [default: UTF-8]? foobar
        'foobar' does not appear to be a valid charset name. Use it anyway [y/N]?

[1]- git@852a15d

Signed-off-by: Shreyansh Paliwal <shreyanshpaliwalcmsmn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Author: shreyp135

git-send-email.perl

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 use Git::LoadCPAN::Error qw(:try);
 use Git;
 use Git::I18N;
+use Encode qw(find_encoding);
 
 Getopt::Long::Configure qw/ pass_through /;
 
@@ -1044,9 +1045,27 @@ sub file_declares_8bit_cte {
 	foreach my $f (sort keys %broken_encoding) {
 		print "    $f\n";
 	}
-	$auto_8bit_encoding = ask(__("Which 8bit encoding should I declare [UTF-8]? "),
-				  valid_re => qr/.{4}/, confirm_only => 1,
-				  default => "UTF-8");
+	while (1) {
+		my $encoding = ask(
+			__("Declare which 8bit encoding to use [default: UTF-8]? "),
+			valid_re => qr/^\S+$/,
+			default  => "UTF-8");
+		next unless defined $encoding;
+		if (find_encoding($encoding)) {
+			$auto_8bit_encoding = $encoding;
+			last;
+		}
+		my $yesno = ask(
+			sprintf(
+			__("'%s' does not appear to be a valid charset name. Use it anyway [y/N]? "),
+			$encoding),
+			valid_re => qr/^(?:y|n)/i,
+			default => "n");
+		if (defined $yesno && $yesno =~ /^y/i) {
+			$auto_8bit_encoding = $encoding;
+			last;
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 if (!$force) {

t/t9001-send-email.sh

@@ -1691,7 +1691,7 @@ test_expect_success $PREREQ 'asks about and fixes 8bit encodings' '
 			email-using-8bit >stdout &&
 	grep "do not declare a Content-Transfer-Encoding" stdout &&
 	grep email-using-8bit stdout &&
-	grep "Which 8bit encoding" stdout &&
+	grep "Declare which 8bit encoding to use" stdout &&
 	grep -E "Content|MIME" msgtxt1 >actual &&
 	test_cmp content-type-decl actual
 '