diff --git a/dev-packages/e2e-tests/test-applications/node-otel-without-tracing/package.json b/dev-packages/e2e-tests/test-applications/node-otel-without-tracing/package.json
index 04a6a80a500c..21beacf9fda5 100644
--- a/dev-packages/e2e-tests/test-applications/node-otel-without-tracing/package.json
+++ b/dev-packages/e2e-tests/test-applications/node-otel-without-tracing/package.json
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
     "test:assert": "pnpm test"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "@opentelemetry/api": "1.9.0",
+    "@opentelemetry/api": "^1.10.0",
     "@opentelemetry/sdk-trace-node": "2.6.1",
     "@opentelemetry/exporter-trace-otlp-http": "0.214.0",
     "@opentelemetry/instrumentation-undici": "0.24.0",
diff --git a/dev-packages/node-integration-tests/utils/runner/createEsmAndCjsTests.ts b/dev-packages/node-integration-tests/utils/runner/createEsmAndCjsTests.ts
index e480bbc1b68f..2003872d395c 100644
--- a/dev-packages/node-integration-tests/utils/runner/createEsmAndCjsTests.ts
+++ b/dev-packages/node-integration-tests/utils/runner/createEsmAndCjsTests.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { exec } from 'child_process';
-import { existsSync } from 'fs';
+import { existsSync, readFileSync } from 'fs';
 import { cp, mkdir, readFile, rm, writeFile } from 'fs/promises';
-import { basename, join } from 'path';
+import { basename, dirname, join } from 'path';
 import { promisify } from 'util';
 import { afterAll, beforeAll, test, type TestAPI } from 'vitest';
 import { CLEANUP_STEPS, createRunner } from './createRunner';
@@ -292,6 +292,9 @@ experimentalUseDiagnosticsChannelInjection();`,
         private: true,
         version: '0.0.0',
         dependencies: additionalDependencies,
+        // Packages like `ai` depend on `@opentelemetry/api` themselves. If npm resolves a newer minor than the SDK's
+        // copy, the newer copy refuses the globals registered by the older one and the package's spans are dropped.
+        overrides: additionalDependencies['@opentelemetry/api'] ? {} : { '@opentelemetry/api': getSdkOtelApiVersion() },
       } as const;
 
       await writeFile(join(tmpDirPath, 'package.json'), JSON.stringify(packageJson, null, 2));
@@ -369,6 +372,22 @@ function convertEsmToCjs(content: string): string {
   return newContent;
 }
 
+function getSdkOtelApiVersion(): string {
+  const otelApiEntry = require.resolve('@opentelemetry/api', { paths: [dirname(require.resolve('@sentry/node'))] });
+  let dir = dirname(otelApiEntry);
+  while (dir !== dirname(dir)) {
+    const packageJsonPath = join(dir, 'package.json');
+    if (existsSync(packageJsonPath)) {
+      const { name, version } = JSON.parse(readFileSync(packageJsonPath, 'utf8')) as { name?: string; version: string };
+      if (name === '@opentelemetry/api') {
+        return version;
+      }
+    }
+    dir = dirname(dir);
+  }
+  throw new Error(`Could not find the @opentelemetry/api version used by @sentry/node (resolved ${otelApiEntry})`);
+}
+
 const NPM_INSTALL_MAX_RETRIES = 3;
 const NPM_INSTALL_RETRY_DELAY_MS = 2_000;
 
diff --git a/packages/opentelemetry/src/sampler.ts b/packages/opentelemetry/src/sampler.ts
index 0d7b2acabad1..96d766782f9a 100644
--- a/packages/opentelemetry/src/sampler.ts
+++ b/packages/opentelemetry/src/sampler.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /* eslint-disable complexity */
-import type { Context, Span, TraceState as TraceStateInterface } from '@opentelemetry/api';
+import type { Attributes, Context, Span, TraceState as TraceStateInterface } from '@opentelemetry/api';
 import { isSpanContextValid, SpanKind, trace } from '@opentelemetry/api';
 import { TraceState } from './utils/TraceState';
 import type { Sampler, SamplingResult } from '@opentelemetry/sdk-trace-base';
@@ -277,7 +277,9 @@ export function wrapSamplingDecision({
 }: {
   decision: SamplingDecision | undefined;
   context: Context;
-  spanAttributes: SpanAttributes;
+  // Typed as OTel `Attributes` so custom samplers can pass their `shouldSample` attributes through,
+  // whichever `@opentelemetry/api` version they use (1.10 widened attribute values to `AnyValue`).
+  spanAttributes: Attributes;
   sampleRand?: number;
   downstreamTraceSampleRate?: number;
   // flags for ignored streamed spans (only set for span streaming)
@@ -319,7 +321,7 @@ export function wrapSamplingDecision({
   return { decision, traceState };
 }
 
-function getBaseTraceState(context: Context, spanAttributes: SpanAttributes): TraceStateInterface {
+function getBaseTraceState(context: Context, spanAttributes: Attributes): TraceStateInterface {
   const parentSpan = trace.getSpan(context);
   const parentContext = parentSpan?.spanContext();