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+## Spec compliance report
+
+| Compiler | Status | Issues |
+|----------|--------|--------|
+| l1a | ✅ PASS | None |
+| l1b | ✅ PASS | None |
+| l2 | ✅ PASS | None |
+
+---
+
+## Details
+
+### l1a Implementation
+- **Status:** ✅ PASS
+- **Files:** `core/src/core/org/jnode/vm/x86/compiler/l1a/X86BytecodeVisitor.java:1792`, `core/src/core/org/jnode/vm/x86/compiler/l1a/ItemFactory.java:74`, `core/src/core/org/jnode/vm/x86/compiler/l1a/FloatItem.java:88-110`
+- **Issues:** None
+
+**Analysis:**
+The L1A implementation correctly handles `fconst_0` (opcode 0xb) by creating a `FloatItem` with `Kind.CONSTANT` and the value `0.0f`. The `FloatItem` class stores the float value and when loaded to a register or pushed to the stack, it uses `Float.floatToIntBits(value)` (line 89, 109 in FloatItem.java) which correctly preserves the IEEE 754 bit pattern including signed zero (+0.0). The virtual stack mechanism delays emission until needed, maintaining the correct category-1 (single-slot) stack effect as required by the spec.
+
+### l1b Implementation
+- **Status:** ✅ PASS
+- **Files:** `core/src/core/org/jnode/vm/x86/compiler/l1b/X86BytecodeVisitor.java:2153`, `core/src/core/org/jnode/vm/x86/compiler/l1b/ItemFactory.java:67`, `core/src/core/org/jnode/vm/x86/compiler/l1b/FloatItem.java:88-110`
+- **Issues:** None
+
+**Analysis:**
+The L1B implementation is functionally identical to L1A for `fconst_0`, with the addition of a bytecode counter increment. It creates a `FloatItem` with `Kind.CONSTANT` and value `0.0f`, using the same `Float.floatToIntBits()` conversion for register loads and stack pushes. The virtual stack and item management are equivalent to L1A, correctly preserving the float bit pattern and category-1 stack effect.
+
+### l2 Implementation
+- **Status:** ✅ PASS
+- **Files:** `core/src/core/org/jnode/vm/compiler/ir/IRGenerator.java:291`, `core/src/core/org/jnode/vm/compiler/ir/FloatConstant.java:38`, `core/src/core/org/jnode/vm/x86/compiler/l2/FPX86CodeGenerator.java:191`
+- **Issues:** None
+
+**Analysis:**
+The L2 compiler's `IRGenerator.visit_fconst()` creates a `FloatConstant` IR node with the value `0.0f`. The `FloatConstant.getIntBits()` method uses `Float.floatToRawIntBits(value)` (line 39) which preserves the exact IEEE 754 bit representation including signed zero. During code generation, `FPX86CodeGenerator.loadToFPUStack32()` (line 191) handles the CONSTANT addressing mode by pushing the raw int bits to the stack and executing `FLD32`, correctly loading +0.0 onto the FPU stack. The IR assigns it to a single stack slot (`stackOffset += 1`), matching the category-1 requirement.
+
+---
+
+## JVM Spec References
+- **Instruction:** `fconst_0` (opcode 0xb / 11)
+- **Spec Base:** https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jvms/se6/html/Instructions.doc.html
+- **Spec Page:** https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jvms/se6/html/Instructions2.doc4.html
+- **Operand Stack Effect:** `... → ..., 0.0`
+- **Type:** `float` (category 1, single slot)
+- **Description:** "Push the float constant 0.0 onto the operand stack."
+- **Exceptions:** None
+
+All three JNode compiler tiers correctly implement the `fconst_0` instruction per the JVM SE 6 specification.
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